1 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:14,240 in the program was "What the Animals Try to Tell Us". 2 00:00:14,240 --> 00:00:18,519 So let me go through this very quickly, since I've already said this to you. 3 00:00:18,519 --> 00:00:24,960 My work has documented the fact that, at times, it's not only complicated, it has b... 4 00:00:24,960 --> 00:00:29,719 And I think that Martin Paul is going to address some of that when he speaks. 5 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:42,200 because public policy has to act based on uncertain and incomplete information. 6 00:00:42,200 --> 00:00:47,240 So we have exposure and modeling studies, then we have animal studies. 7 00:00:47,240 --> 00:00:53,320 And the animal studies are intended to predict and prevent harm in humans, and ke... 8 00:00:53,320 --> 00:00:58,079 that every agent that we know that causes cancer in humans will produce it in animals 9 00:00:59,640 --> 00:01:04,879 And finally, we have epidemiology, and I am both a toxicologist and epidemiologist. 10 00:01:04,879 --> 00:01:10,680 So I have to tell you, we should never rely or insist on epidemiologic evidence before 11 00:01:10,680 --> 00:01:14,480 taking steps to develop precautionary policies. 12 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:20,640 Otherwise, we're treating people like they're in an experiment, often with no controls. 13 00:01:20,640 --> 00:01:24,040 So epidemiology confirms the past. 14 00:01:30,920 --> 00:01:40,719 is powering your light, to the 36 quadrillion and more that is in the cosmic and x-ray 15 00:01:40,719 --> 00:01:45,319 What we are particularly concerned about here is the cell phone Wi-Fi spectrum. 16 00:01:45,319 --> 00:01:49,519 And here, 5G falls somewhere around here. 17 00:01:56,500 --> 00:01:57,500 growth. 18 00:01:57,500 --> 00:02:02,239 So the question is, what evidence do we need to take precautionary steps? 19 00:02:02,239 --> 00:02:07,200 Now when we talk about 5G, I want to make sure that you understand that there's not 20 00:02:07,200 --> 00:02:08,560 one size fits all. 21 00:02:08,560 --> 00:02:15,439 In fact, the specs for 5G are still being written as I speak. 22 00:02:21,199 --> 00:02:28,240 the opportunity to simultaneously take a video, beam it to a friend, watch the game... 23 00:02:28,240 --> 00:02:31,460 popcorn all at the same time. 24 00:02:31,460 --> 00:02:36,000 But it's working at 700 megahertz as the carrier. 25 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:43,520 And it means that 5G antennas have to have within them 3G and 4G because most of the 26 00:02:48,360 --> 00:02:52,680 Very few people have 5G-ready devices. 27 00:02:52,680 --> 00:02:57,800 The high-frequency cells are being used right now for some environmental monitoring and 28 00:02:57,800 --> 00:03:01,759 for surveillance activities in a number of cities. 29 00:03:01,759 --> 00:03:08,680 And finally, the millimeter wave of 26 gigahertz and above will be used for some 30 00:03:15,159 --> 00:03:20,800 And the answer in my opinion and that of Dr. Paul and others is yes, it is. 31 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:25,759 And we have evidence that it could be that it is a risk. 32 00:03:25,759 --> 00:03:27,680 And we'll talk about some of that. 33 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:33,520 But before doing that, I'd like to share with you this schemata that shows you the 34 00:03:39,840 --> 00:03:42,199 A signal is many complex things. 35 00:03:42,199 --> 00:03:43,719 It has frequency. 36 00:03:43,719 --> 00:03:45,319 It has power. 37 00:03:45,319 --> 00:03:47,840 It has beats or pulse per second. 38 00:03:47,840 --> 00:03:49,879 It has power density. 39 00:03:49,879 --> 00:03:53,479 It has polarity, information content. 40 00:03:53,479 --> 00:03:57,439 All of those different things characterize what a signal is. 41 00:04:04,879 --> 00:04:07,719 to when you present it. 42 00:04:07,719 --> 00:04:12,919 More importantly, we know from new research just published supported by the American 43 00:04:12,919 --> 00:04:20,959 Society and carried out at Yale that genetic factors such as single nucleotide SNPs make 44 00:04:20,959 --> 00:04:26,199 a difference in whether or not people are more or less susceptible to certain 45 00:04:29,519 --> 00:04:35,199 So all of these factors influence the biological response that you get. 46 00:04:35,199 --> 00:04:44,000 And yet we very seldom will hear about a clarification of what exactly was the sign... 47 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:45,519 Was it disruptive? 48 00:04:45,519 --> 00:04:48,120 Was it altered? 49 00:04:48,120 --> 00:04:52,439 What was the power density? 50 00:04:52,439 --> 00:04:55,899 What aspects of exposure were controlled? 51 00:05:00,959 --> 00:05:08,079 in volts per meter on the y-axis, you see that through a four-second phone call, you 52 00:05:08,079 --> 00:05:13,199 get these huge swings in power density over time. 53 00:05:13,199 --> 00:05:21,439 And it's thought that the constant change in peak exposure is what makes the biological 54 00:05:21,439 --> 00:05:22,439 impact. 55 00:05:25,980 --> 00:05:29,860 And as Dr. Cindy Rustle has said, pulse is poison. 56 00:05:29,860 --> 00:05:34,100 And it's the repeated exposure to these pulses that is important. 57 00:05:34,100 --> 00:05:38,779 So now let's take a step back and ask, what has not changed since the 20th century? 58 00:05:38,779 --> 00:05:49,699 Well, interestingly, radar ranges were first introduced in the middle of the 20th century. 59 00:05:55,339 --> 00:05:58,920 That is the origin of the term, microwave, by the way. 60 00:05:58,920 --> 00:06:08,279 The original cell phones weighed about two and a half pounds, cost at that time $3,900, 61 00:06:08,279 --> 00:06:11,199 which would be about $9,000 today. 62 00:06:11,199 --> 00:06:16,920 You see Maxwell Smart there with his shoe phone, and they were sold at the time when 63 00:06:21,579 --> 00:06:27,379 Those things have changed in some way, but what has not changed is the standards that 64 00:06:27,379 --> 00:06:36,100 we use to test phones today are the same standards that had been used since 1996. 65 00:06:36,100 --> 00:06:43,339 The radar range didn't go too well, it became the microwave oven. 66 00:06:47,279 --> 00:06:51,360 There is no pre-market safety testing for phones. 67 00:06:51,360 --> 00:06:57,439 There could be, that is their authorizing statute could allow it, but the FDA website 68 00:06:57,439 --> 00:07:02,759 says they do not review the safety of cell phones. 69 00:07:02,759 --> 00:07:09,560 And the FDA website further says, and I quote, "They have the authority to take 70 00:07:15,100 --> 00:07:16,100 user. 71 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:21,600 In that case, they could require them user manufacturers to repair, replace, or recall 72 00:07:21,600 --> 00:07:23,139 the phone." 73 00:07:23,139 --> 00:07:29,060 They could do this, but they are not doing this, and I submit that they are missing in 74 00:07:29,060 --> 00:07:32,740 action and have been, unfortunately, for some time. 75 00:07:32,740 --> 00:07:37,139 So another thing that hasn't changed is that the methods for testing phones are based on 76 00:07:43,600 --> 00:07:48,579 He's got a big empty head and we pour homogenous fluid into it. 77 00:07:48,579 --> 00:07:54,399 He doesn't talk a lot because we only measure what happens during a six-minute phone call. 78 00:07:54,399 --> 00:08:01,519 One thing that will never change is that the base of all of our cells is DNA, in the 79 00:08:01,519 --> 00:08:03,000 of every cell. 80 00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:13,220 all together. 81 00:08:13,220 --> 00:08:19,939 Now identical twins don't have precisely the same DNA, although they come from one egg 82 00:08:19,939 --> 00:08:21,620 that splits in two. 83 00:08:21,620 --> 00:08:30,079 They are shown here with these methylation patterns that are fluoresced green from 84 00:08:35,039 --> 00:08:39,259 But look at the same twins at age 50. 85 00:08:39,259 --> 00:08:43,279 They do not look like they're even related to one another. 86 00:08:43,279 --> 00:08:47,600 So as identical twins age, their chromosomes begin to look less similar. 87 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:53,480 And what this is telling us is that the environment is critically important. 88 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:58,960 Genes may give us the gun, but the environment pulls the trigger. 89 00:09:04,080 --> 00:09:09,919 also with identical twins, where they looked, if you see here, the pattern on the top. 90 00:09:09,919 --> 00:09:15,480 These are the young identical twins, and this is showing a great deal of correlation 91 00:09:15,480 --> 00:09:17,759 their chromosomal activation. 92 00:09:17,759 --> 00:09:23,039 But by the time the same twins are older, you see the spread here. 93 00:09:23,039 --> 00:09:28,759 And whether you know any science at all, this is clearly showing, again, that over time 94 00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:40,440 Environmental factors ranging from stress to exposure to chemicals to a whole host of 95 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:46,600 things make a huge difference in the health of identical twins. 96 00:09:46,600 --> 00:09:53,519 With respect to that DNA, Henry Lai and Vijay Singh developed a brilliant and innovative 97 00:09:57,440 --> 00:10:01,960 They would receive the Nobel Prize in Medicine for what this work was. 98 00:10:01,960 --> 00:10:07,960 They showed that you could take the DNA and unravel it, and it would form a tail seen 99 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:12,080 here as it starts to unravel or here. 100 00:10:12,080 --> 00:10:19,639 This DNA unraveling occurred with the equivalent of 1600 chest X-rays. 101 00:10:27,879 --> 00:10:29,519 at the time. 102 00:10:29,519 --> 00:10:35,360 Now, that doesn't mean that we're all doomed because we have lots of repair. 103 00:10:35,360 --> 00:10:36,879 That's one of the benefits. 104 00:10:36,879 --> 00:10:41,559 But it is important to recognize that while there are important differences between 105 00:10:41,559 --> 00:10:48,360 and non-ionizing radiation, seen here, ionizing radiation is faster with more 106 00:10:54,360 --> 00:11:01,399 and lower energy and thermal effects also can in fact damage DNA. 107 00:11:01,399 --> 00:11:06,960 And I'm going to show you why and how we know that from studies completed most recently 108 00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:12,559 at the U.S. National Toxicology Program that have been carried out there, but many other 109 00:11:19,639 --> 00:11:24,759 of reactive oxygen species, and the damage to male and female health. 110 00:11:24,759 --> 00:11:32,200 Here is one of the studies from earlier in this century, the EU Reflex project 111 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,399 led by Franz Adelkofer. 112 00:11:34,399 --> 00:11:41,480 It was a four-year project in 12 groups in seven European countries, well over 10 113 00:11:48,679 --> 00:11:51,720 function of the genes that were damaged. 114 00:11:51,720 --> 00:11:59,480 So you got from intermittent exposures, you got breaks in single and double-strand DNA 115 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:03,120 breaks, and you got them in human fibroblasts. 116 00:12:03,120 --> 00:12:08,240 Most interestingly, you got them in stem cells, but not in mature cells. 117 00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:21,440 One needs to specify the type of cell, the age, if you will, and many other components. 118 00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:29,600 This study done in 2006 was immediately subject to war games, so a lot of scientif... 119 00:12:29,600 --> 00:12:32,919 was manufactured about it. 120 00:12:38,960 --> 00:12:48,480 different studies that he had done at specific DNA repair genes, 53 beta and H2A... 121 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:49,840 human cells. 122 00:12:49,840 --> 00:12:53,840 Looking at human cells, he showed DNA damage. 123 00:12:53,840 --> 00:13:01,480 And with the GSM, which was then the most common exposure, he also showed that some 124 00:13:06,679 --> 00:13:12,279 And again, we should never let the complexity of the science, which is real, prevent us 125 00:13:12,279 --> 00:13:16,399 from formulating reasonable public policy. 126 00:13:16,399 --> 00:13:23,480 What we can say, again, from earlier studies, is that exposure to radiofrequency below the 127 00:13:23,480 --> 00:13:29,679 current safety limits has caused damage synergistically. 128 00:13:36,399 --> 00:13:40,559 that were exposed to a known chemical carcinogen. 129 00:13:40,559 --> 00:13:44,279 We know it causes cancer in animals, ethylnitrocynurea. 130 00:13:43,360 --> 00:13:45,040 ethylnitrosaurea. 131 00:13:45,040 --> 00:13:48,000 Then when you added that known carcinogen 132 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,820 to exposure to cell phone radiation, 133 00:13:50,820 --> 00:13:52,820 you got an accelerated effect, 134 00:13:52,820 --> 00:13:55,780 a double effect or more with 135 00:13:55,780 --> 00:13:59,620 a low amount of radio frequency radiation, 136 00:13:59,620 --> 00:14:01,259 which is consistent with 137 00:14:01,259 --> 00:14:02,860 the Ramazzini findings that 138 00:14:05,940 --> 00:14:09,879 Now, the NTP study was requested in 1999. 139 00:14:09,879 --> 00:14:12,200 Dr. Melnick is going to go over it in detail. 140 00:14:12,200 --> 00:14:15,940 But again, I want to just stress the summary of it was that 141 00:14:15,940 --> 00:14:19,700 they found statistically significant increases in 142 00:14:19,700 --> 00:14:23,759 cancer and borderline significant increases in 143 00:14:23,759 --> 00:14:28,759 cancer and hyperplasia and dysplasia in multiple organs. 144 00:14:33,960 --> 00:14:38,100 the male rat and the female and male mouse. 145 00:14:38,100 --> 00:14:43,160 Nonetheless, for reasons that many of us do not understand, 146 00:14:43,160 --> 00:14:45,900 the FDA has rejected the findings of 147 00:14:45,900 --> 00:14:49,240 the NTP as not relevant to humans. 148 00:14:49,240 --> 00:14:51,800 Well, they point out, for example, 149 00:14:51,800 --> 00:14:53,960 that the animals weren't making phone calls. 150 00:14:53,960 --> 00:14:56,320 No, that's actually not quite what they say. 151 00:14:58,880 --> 00:15:01,280 not relevant to phone exposure. 152 00:15:01,280 --> 00:15:04,400 Well, frankly, we object. 153 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:07,640 That is, in fact, what people are getting all the time with 154 00:15:07,640 --> 00:15:10,040 phones in your pocket, phones close to your body, 155 00:15:10,040 --> 00:15:12,800 and its proximity to the body that is the issue. 156 00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:15,560 We know there's tumor-promoting effects, 157 00:15:15,560 --> 00:15:18,320 and this is from a number of 158 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:20,720 different studies have shown this. 159 00:15:20,720 --> 00:15:23,400 It may be that there are metabolic changes, 160 00:15:26,300 --> 00:15:27,880 But in the interest of time, 161 00:15:27,880 --> 00:15:30,640 I'm going to skip over this slide of 162 00:15:30,640 --> 00:15:33,120 the DNA damage that was published by 163 00:15:33,120 --> 00:15:34,960 the NTP because I know that 164 00:15:34,960 --> 00:15:38,340 Dr. Melnick will discuss it in more detail. 165 00:15:38,340 --> 00:15:42,960 But you can see a clear dose response in the very top one here. 166 00:15:42,960 --> 00:15:48,080 This is a CDMA exposure for the mouse frontal cortex. 167 00:15:48,080 --> 00:15:50,440 That's the part of the brain. 168 00:15:52,920 --> 00:15:54,759 the brain in the mouse, 169 00:15:54,759 --> 00:15:58,160 and perhaps in us, is uniquely sensitive to this radiation. 170 00:15:58,160 --> 00:16:00,360 Now, when it comes to sperm, 171 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:04,120 humans need a lot of sperm to make a healthy baby. 172 00:16:04,120 --> 00:16:08,120 They are produced at the rate of 90,000 a minute, 173 00:16:08,120 --> 00:16:09,720 and in order to succeed, 174 00:16:09,720 --> 00:16:13,440 they have to swim the equivalent from Los Angeles to Hawaii. 175 00:16:13,440 --> 00:16:16,360 It is truly survival of the fittest. 176 00:16:21,000 --> 00:16:23,200 suggest you may like to look at, 177 00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:25,720 the reason you need so many sperm 178 00:16:25,720 --> 00:16:29,759 is that they do not know how to ask for directions. 179 00:16:29,759 --> 00:16:34,800 But what we do know from really brilliant work that's been 180 00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:39,880 carried out by Kasari in 2018, 181 00:16:39,880 --> 00:16:43,600 recently published, is that we have multiple exposures. 182 00:16:43,600 --> 00:16:45,920 The body does not differentiate. 183 00:16:48,480 --> 00:16:50,320 There's no debate about that. 184 00:16:50,320 --> 00:16:53,759 But we know that depending on proximity to a tower, 185 00:16:53,759 --> 00:16:56,040 depending on your use of ovens, 186 00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:59,440 depending on whether you actually keep a laptop on the lap, 187 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:02,040 which no one should do anymore, 188 00:17:02,040 --> 00:17:05,600 and where and how many routers you may be exposed to, 189 00:17:05,600 --> 00:17:09,600 all of that influences the development of LSH and FSH, 190 00:17:09,600 --> 00:17:13,039 the development of pituitary hormones, 191 00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:22,120 on the quantity and quality of the sperm that's produced, 192 00:17:22,120 --> 00:17:26,519 including that reactive oxygen species can be stimulated 193 00:17:26,519 --> 00:17:29,759 by this exposure and that those can directly 194 00:17:29,759 --> 00:17:31,880 damage sperm cells. 195 00:17:31,880 --> 00:17:36,880 Now, the effects have been shown to influence 196 00:17:36,880 --> 00:17:41,240 a whole cascade of proteins seen here 197 00:17:44,559 --> 00:17:49,559 And these proteins can either tell cells to die apoptosis, 198 00:17:49,559 --> 00:17:53,680 or they can influence the development of cancer. 199 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:57,680 So again, it's the structure or the function of DNA 200 00:17:57,680 --> 00:18:00,680 that can be affected by cell phone radiation. 201 00:18:00,680 --> 00:18:04,599 So that even though cell phone radiation 202 00:18:04,599 --> 00:18:06,840 does not have strength enough 203 00:18:06,840 --> 00:18:09,800 to break the basic nucleotide bonds, 204 00:18:13,360 --> 00:18:15,599 And it can do it through a variety of mechanisms 205 00:18:15,599 --> 00:18:20,079 that have been suggested here in this work by Kesari, 206 00:18:20,079 --> 00:18:24,279 including gene activation by free radicals that are formed, 207 00:18:24,279 --> 00:18:28,240 as well as interfering with calcium channels, 208 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:30,920 as you will hear from Dr. Paul. 209 00:18:30,920 --> 00:18:32,440 Now, when it comes to experiments 210 00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:35,200 that have been done with mycelium sperm, 211 00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:37,880 it's important to realize we actually have a lot 212 00:18:37,880 --> 00:18:39,120 of data here. 213 00:18:39,120 --> 00:18:40,840 It's not often just spoken about, 214 00:18:42,039 --> 00:18:45,279 And one study that I participated in with colleagues 215 00:18:45,279 --> 00:18:47,440 involved looking at the effect 216 00:18:47,440 --> 00:18:50,720 of cell phone radiation directly on testis. 217 00:18:50,720 --> 00:18:52,559 And the slides are from an animal, 218 00:18:52,559 --> 00:18:54,440 but I want to direct your attention 219 00:18:54,440 --> 00:18:57,960 to this visualization here. 220 00:18:57,960 --> 00:19:01,519 You will see that the highest exposure goes into the testis. 221 00:19:01,519 --> 00:19:05,279 That is the hot source of highest exposure 222 00:19:05,279 --> 00:19:07,120 when a phone is in the pocket. 223 00:19:07,120 --> 00:19:10,000 And this is based on anatomically based modeling 224 00:19:13,440 --> 00:19:15,519 at Porto Alegre in Brazil. 225 00:19:15,519 --> 00:19:20,640 The control slide here shows you nice borders 226 00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:22,720 and cell walls. 227 00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:26,840 And the exposed show an absence of that integrity. 228 00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:30,480 Again, suggesting that one of the consequences 229 00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:33,599 of this exposure is to damage membranes, 230 00:19:33,599 --> 00:19:34,960 damage integrity. 231 00:19:34,960 --> 00:19:39,320 This is a more recent publication 232 00:19:42,200 --> 00:19:47,200 And again, the black bars are the exposed germ cells, 233 00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:50,000 and the white is the control. 234 00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:53,840 So over time, the white will increase 235 00:19:53,840 --> 00:19:56,079 because there's going to be damage from time. 236 00:19:56,079 --> 00:19:59,720 Sperm are not meant to survive outside of the body for long. 237 00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:04,920 But what you see here is a very statistically significant 238 00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:15,120 in sperm that are exposed to cell phone radiation. 239 00:20:15,120 --> 00:20:18,559 Damage to the mitochondrial super oxides. 240 00:20:18,559 --> 00:20:21,039 Mitochondria is the engine of the cell. 241 00:20:21,039 --> 00:20:24,279 A very significant effect. 242 00:20:24,279 --> 00:20:27,920 All of these slides and all of the references to them 243 00:20:27,920 --> 00:20:30,039 are embedded in the slides. 244 00:20:30,039 --> 00:20:32,840 So we can share those with you. 245 00:20:36,519 --> 00:20:40,079 shown in the germ cells here. 246 00:20:40,079 --> 00:20:45,000 With, again, over time, you see a greater effect. 247 00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:47,440 But if you look at the bars here, 248 00:20:47,440 --> 00:20:52,440 you'll see that the exposure to radiofrequency radiation 249 00:20:52,440 --> 00:20:55,840 here dramatically increases the effect. 250 00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:59,240 And the weight of the testis is also affected 251 00:20:59,240 --> 00:21:01,320 in this new study from Houston. 252 00:21:05,279 --> 00:21:09,120 and you look at the exposed at the very bottom. 253 00:21:09,120 --> 00:21:12,559 And you see, again, the loss of integrity. 254 00:21:12,559 --> 00:21:17,000 And over time, the mouse testis, the exposed testis, 255 00:21:17,000 --> 00:21:20,840 is significantly less weight. 256 00:21:20,840 --> 00:21:23,720 And that's important because, of course, 257 00:21:23,720 --> 00:21:27,200 you want to have the healthiest organ that you can 258 00:21:27,200 --> 00:21:29,480 in order to ensure reproductive health. 259 00:21:33,279 --> 00:21:36,079 And, again, not surprisingly, over time, 260 00:21:36,079 --> 00:21:38,320 this is the sham, that is to say, 261 00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:41,000 they just were allowed to sit there for time. 262 00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:42,519 Not much happens. 263 00:21:42,519 --> 00:21:45,640 But when you get exposure here in the red, 264 00:21:45,640 --> 00:21:50,640 you see a substantial decrement in vitality, motility 265 00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:53,480 and motility, meaning the ability to swim. 266 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:55,599 So if a sperm can't swim, 267 00:21:55,599 --> 00:21:58,800 it's not gonna succeed in fertilizing anything. 268 00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:06,160 that all fertility clinics now around the world 269 00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:08,759 recommend that men having problems 270 00:22:08,759 --> 00:22:10,599 impregnating their partners, 271 00:22:10,599 --> 00:22:13,480 get their phones and other devices off their bodies. 272 00:22:13,480 --> 00:22:15,920 That's standard advice. 273 00:22:15,920 --> 00:22:19,680 And this diagram, I think, is relevant 274 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:22,680 to what Dr. Paul is going to be showing you as well, 275 00:22:22,680 --> 00:22:24,280 which is that calcium channels, 276 00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:27,680 which are key two membranes, absolutely key, 277 00:22:31,880 --> 00:22:36,599 And once that happens, you get a cascade of reactions 278 00:22:36,599 --> 00:22:41,599 that inhibit repair proteins like tyrosine phosphatase. 279 00:22:41,599 --> 00:22:45,519 It can inhibit the ability of kinases, 280 00:22:45,519 --> 00:22:49,480 which normally would have the job of fixing cells 281 00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:53,559 or telling them to die when they can't be saved. 282 00:22:57,240 --> 00:23:00,720 by cell phone radiation in this new paper 283 00:23:00,720 --> 00:23:05,720 by Sir John Aitken from Australia, 284 00:23:05,720 --> 00:23:08,440 who has published one of the most impressive bodies 285 00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:10,280 of work in this field 286 00:23:10,280 --> 00:23:12,640 and has identified a number of explanations 287 00:23:12,640 --> 00:23:17,480 for the worldwide decline in male reproductive health. 288 00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:19,480 Now, I am not telling you 289 00:23:19,480 --> 00:23:21,480 that the decline in male reproductive health 290 00:23:23,079 --> 00:23:29,079 Pesticides, tight underwear and clothing, warm baths, 291 00:23:29,079 --> 00:23:33,519 radiation, all of these things are known to affect 292 00:23:33,519 --> 00:23:36,320 the quality of a man's reproductive health. 293 00:23:36,320 --> 00:23:39,360 But cell phone radiation is certainly one of the factors 294 00:23:39,360 --> 00:23:41,240 that has to be looked at as well. 295 00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:43,559 Because when it comes to male reproduction, 296 00:23:43,559 --> 00:23:46,800 we know that reactive oxygen species play a role, 297 00:23:46,800 --> 00:23:50,720 both a positive role and a negative role, 298 00:23:53,320 --> 00:23:56,320 And you can get an increase in oxidative stress, 299 00:23:56,320 --> 00:23:58,800 which in turn damages lipids, 300 00:23:58,800 --> 00:24:01,000 which of course can damage membranes, 301 00:24:01,000 --> 00:24:04,759 which are largely lipid, and can damage DNA. 302 00:24:04,759 --> 00:24:09,759 And you get effects on capacitation and fertilization 303 00:24:09,759 --> 00:24:12,480 from both endogenous sources, 304 00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:16,640 those are inherent within the body, and exogenous ones. 305 00:24:16,640 --> 00:24:19,400 And I would add to the list here of radiation 306 00:24:23,079 --> 00:24:27,640 The brain is an amazing thing. 307 00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:31,720 And at birth, it contains about 100 billion neurons 308 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:33,680 that get to be pruned, 309 00:24:33,680 --> 00:24:38,360 but the size at birth is about a third that of an adult. 310 00:24:38,360 --> 00:24:41,519 And it grows so fast that by age two, 311 00:24:41,519 --> 00:24:43,360 it is more than doubled. 312 00:24:43,360 --> 00:24:44,759 It's more than doubled. 313 00:24:44,759 --> 00:24:48,720 So the growth of the brain during pregnancy 314 00:24:50,320 --> 00:24:53,119 because it starts with just a clump of cells 315 00:24:53,119 --> 00:24:54,559 at the top of the neural stem, 316 00:24:54,559 --> 00:24:58,840 and then turns into this incredible, complex whole 317 00:24:58,840 --> 00:25:02,840 of a brain with all of the pathways in it. 318 00:25:02,840 --> 00:25:06,880 But what we know from studies that had been done repeatedly 319 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:11,000 by my colleagues at Andikuzmeyuz University in Turkey, 320 00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:15,640 is that prenatal exposure to cell phone radiation 321 00:25:19,960 --> 00:25:23,599 and deterioration of brain cells. 322 00:25:23,599 --> 00:25:26,960 The slide on the left are healthy 323 00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:31,599 with lots of nice boundaries and cell walls. 324 00:25:31,599 --> 00:25:35,759 And the slide on the right exposed to EMF 325 00:25:35,759 --> 00:25:39,759 have lost their integrity largely. 326 00:25:39,759 --> 00:25:44,440 And so we see an increase in this damage to these cells. 327 00:25:47,759 --> 00:25:50,160 And that's part of the hippocampus, 328 00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:53,440 which is critical to balance, impulse control, 329 00:25:53,440 --> 00:25:56,480 thinking, and essential things of this sort. 330 00:25:56,480 --> 00:26:01,160 Now, when it comes to understanding exposure, 331 00:26:01,160 --> 00:26:04,200 we have done work again with our colleagues in Brazil, 332 00:26:04,200 --> 00:26:07,720 and we have shown that the child's brain 333 00:26:07,720 --> 00:26:10,480 can absorb much more radiation. 334 00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:12,640 The head may absorb the same amount, 335 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:18,200 It can absorb more exposure seen here 336 00:26:18,200 --> 00:26:21,519 with the yellow, white, getting the highest exposure 337 00:26:21,519 --> 00:26:24,960 if a phone is held right next to the relatively thin skull. 338 00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:29,360 And if you look at the girl's face right here, 339 00:26:29,360 --> 00:26:32,840 watch what happens in terms of her exposures 340 00:26:32,840 --> 00:26:35,440 as you see this going through as well. 341 00:26:35,440 --> 00:26:40,360 And this is anatomically based work. 342 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:44,640 All right. 343 00:26:44,640 --> 00:26:58,640 Well, now in 2011, 344 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:00,640 the director of the National Institute of Drug Abuse, 345 00:27:00,640 --> 00:27:02,640 Dr. Nora Volkov, 346 00:27:02,640 --> 00:27:05,640 published this really important study 347 00:27:05,640 --> 00:27:08,640 in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 348 00:27:08,640 --> 00:27:10,640 and she was able to show, 349 00:27:14,640 --> 00:27:17,640 that this is a normal brain with the cell phone turned off, 350 00:27:17,640 --> 00:27:21,640 and she had two phones on volunteers. 351 00:27:19,160 --> 00:27:28,120 two phones on volunteers who did not know if the phone was turned on or not. So they ha... 352 00:27:28,120 --> 00:27:34,440 at all. But with 50 minutes of phone radiation, there's more glucose in the par... 353 00:27:45,320 --> 00:27:53,800 epidemic of opioid poisonings and deaths in the United States and other factors have 354 00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:59,160 or anyone else from following up on this important observation. And what we do know 355 00:28:07,960 --> 00:28:15,800 that you're altering glucose metabolism. Now, it's not all doom and gloom because other 356 00:28:15,800 --> 00:28:23,720 by Turkish colleagues and others have shown that if you expose cells to EMF, you get 357 00:28:32,200 --> 00:28:39,720 So we need to pay attention to the ability of certain agents to help repair damage and 358 00:28:39,720 --> 00:28:47,080 that it's not all that we're at risk all the time. And in fact, those people who sleep ... 359 00:28:47,080 --> 00:28:53,400 when you make melatonin and eat your broccoli and eat your uncontaminated fish are going... 360 00:28:59,320 --> 00:29:07,480 damage is not limited just to experimental studies. We now have studies in teenagers. 361 00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:14,200 as a follow up study in 2015 from the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute. And 362 00:29:14,200 --> 00:29:21,080 showed decreased memory performance in adolescence with increased cell phone use 363 00:29:27,160 --> 00:29:32,200 anyone tried to do a study on cell phones in the United States on brain cancer, believe... 364 00:29:32,200 --> 00:29:41,080 was 2001. And we have very poor information available to those who want to study this. 365 00:29:41,080 --> 00:29:46,039 But looking at what I showed you experimentally, what happened prenatally, ... 366 00:29:53,240 --> 00:30:00,039 Here is some proof of human harm. It comes from the Interphone Study appendix two. Th... 367 00:30:00,039 --> 00:30:06,120 number of cases, the number of controls. And this is the odds ratio that is the relativ... 368 00:30:06,120 --> 00:30:15,560 people who have brain cancer and have not used phones very much. And those who have 369 00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:29,800 risk of glioma. And when that 10 plus years was analyzed further for the highest and 370 00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:36,120 users, there was a tripled or greater risk of glioma. Again, five to nine years, 371 00:30:45,080 --> 00:30:51,640 statistically significant. The point is, there is evidence of a risk in humans for 372 00:30:51,640 --> 00:30:59,960 There's also more recent studies, which is why Anthony B. Miller, a very distinguished 373 00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:14,680 he has concluded in an article we published in the past two years, that given all of the 374 00:31:14,680 --> 00:31:19,000 evidence I presented to you here today and more that you will be hearing about in the 375 00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:27,480 this meeting, cell phone radiation causes brain cancer. We can say that it is a 376 00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:39,400 studies, meaning they follow a group of people through in time. The Benson study, 377 00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:45,320 supposed to be a million women, was not a million women. The rate of brain cancer th... 378 00:31:45,320 --> 00:31:53,560 in the general population is 7 per 100,000. So studying a million women does not give ... 379 00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:06,360 and then waited to see what would happen. That is not a very robust design, and it h... 380 00:32:06,360 --> 00:32:17,240 criticized repeatedly by Tony Miller and others for its lack of methodological 381 00:32:24,600 --> 00:32:32,120 of cell phone use, a significantly increased risk. And for those few people that have u... 382 00:32:32,120 --> 00:32:41,960 for 25 years or more, a tripled risk of brain cancer. So more recently, Corot conducted a 383 00:32:49,160 --> 00:32:58,600 a 60% increase in risk. And if one looked at those with urban residents and exposure, 384 00:32:58,600 --> 00:33:03,240 there was a fourfold increased risk. Now, we don't know what it was about the urban 385 00:33:03,240 --> 00:33:10,280 that increased that risk. But remember what I said, we study animals to predict harm in 386 00:33:18,360 --> 00:33:26,440 Alastair Phillips in the UK published. And Phillips has shown that's change in glioma, 387 00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:32,039 the same tumor we're concerned about. And the change in glioma is occurring, I just spok... 388 00:33:32,039 --> 00:33:39,240 him earlier and you'll be delighted to hear from him later. The change is occurring in 389 00:33:45,720 --> 00:33:50,840 CAT scans made available to the elderly, for example, you wouldn't expect to see any 390 00:33:50,840 --> 00:33:56,039 in glioma in young people. You'd expect to see it only in the elderly, but you're see... 391 00:33:56,039 --> 00:34:04,280 all age groups. So the total brain, the total brain cancer rates have not changed in oth... 392 00:34:10,519 --> 00:34:17,480 2000. A more recent study has been done at Yale, as I mentioned, looking at nucleotide 393 00:34:17,480 --> 00:34:25,159 polymorphisms, SNPs. And they have found that people with the four of the most commonly 394 00:34:25,159 --> 00:34:31,880 genetic alterations were more than twice as likely to develop thyroid cancer. Again, 395 00:34:38,119 --> 00:34:44,920 being developed over many years by this team of researchers who think that this is an 396 00:34:44,920 --> 00:34:52,119 factor. We are seeing increases in thyroid cancer all over the world. And we don't ha... 397 00:34:52,119 --> 00:34:58,920 explanation for it. Some of it might be due to increased ascertainment because thyroid 398 00:35:05,400 --> 00:35:12,440 cancer as well as thyroid cancer in people under the age of 30, under the age of 40. 399 00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:18,440 And unfortunately, because rectal cancer is seldom suspected in that young and age group, 400 00:35:18,440 --> 00:35:25,800 they're often diagnosed at more advanced stages. Now, the data on humans is not, of 401 00:35:31,720 --> 00:35:39,000 of people who live close to towers. And this is one study that compared blood markers o... 402 00:35:39,000 --> 00:35:47,000 lived 80 meters close to a tower. Those who lived 300 meters away were the controls. T... 403 00:35:47,000 --> 00:35:54,199 in India. They looked in the blood at antioxidant status and looked at glutathio... 404 00:35:59,640 --> 00:36:09,480 reduction in the repair enzymes and proteins and an increase in lipid peroxidation. Of 405 00:36:09,480 --> 00:36:16,920 that would mean an increase in cell membrane damage and in calcium-gated channel 406 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:23,240 So you're going to get a number of effects. All of this has been shown statistically 407 00:36:30,360 --> 00:36:35,320 What about the rest of us? The trees have shown damage. This is a study published in 408 00:36:35,320 --> 00:36:43,480 of the total environment. If you look carefully at this tree, these are the base 409 00:36:52,440 --> 00:36:59,000 they've done a statistical analysis of these tree patterns. This is the Norway maple tree 410 00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:05,480 that they found. This is in 2015. And they are continuing to do this work. I think th... 411 00:37:05,480 --> 00:37:12,760 that could be done in Israel as well. And here is a more extreme example. Here, the 412 00:37:20,840 --> 00:37:28,199 This is the healthy part. This is not. I don't know the exact distances here. 413 00:37:28,199 --> 00:37:37,000 Finally, there's been work on insects. And there was work done by the respected 414 00:37:49,000 --> 00:37:56,519 of the honeybee. And they showed 2 gig and 24 gig. This 24 gig is what you're going to b... 415 00:37:56,519 --> 00:38:03,400 with 5G. And clearly, it resonates with the body and it increased the power density, 416 00:38:11,320 --> 00:38:15,000 video. Here, a search for scientists at Punjab University in India. 417 00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:19,079 Can you hear it? The radio radiation from mobile phones could be part of the problem. 418 00:38:19,079 --> 00:38:25,480 Search is fitting mobile phones to a hive. Sorry. 419 00:38:25,480 --> 00:38:32,600 Powered them up for two 15-minute periods each day. After two months, they found the 420 00:38:37,320 --> 00:38:41,640 us, if you would choose. More research from scientists at Punjab University in India. 421 00:38:41,640 --> 00:38:49,720 I'm trying to do it. Okay. So that study has been followed up by other studies at bee 422 00:38:49,720 --> 00:38:57,880 Belgium. This was just reported very recently. And they looked at hives in rura... 423 00:39:04,440 --> 00:39:09,800 absorption, of course, is going to be in the queen bee, which is the largest body. But 424 00:39:09,800 --> 00:39:17,400 and the drones and the larvae all absorb more power as the frequency goes up. And this is, 425 00:39:17,400 --> 00:39:21,400 frequency is measured right here. And this is the absorbed power. 426 00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:35,960 because without bees, we have no agriculture. These are the models that they made. And 427 00:39:35,960 --> 00:39:41,559 who are interested to look at the paper, because it's really very elegant work to 428 00:39:41,559 --> 00:39:46,760 models, takes quite a bit. And the researchers who do this work are, of cours... 429 00:39:46,760 --> 00:39:52,519 And that's why they've done it, because they believe that we could be unleashing an 430 00:39:58,680 --> 00:40:04,840 This is a special edition of Marketplace. Most of us carry our phones next to our 431 00:40:04,840 --> 00:40:09,800 And what are we doing? Science, tests, and a hidden message in your cell phone. 432 00:40:09,800 --> 00:40:16,600 So tests are all done. Tests are all finished. And the number exceeded the limi... 433 00:40:24,199 --> 00:40:29,880 when they were moved right against the body. The radiation absorbed increased three to 434 00:40:29,880 --> 00:40:36,440 Radiation increased three to four times when the phone was tested directly next to the 435 00:40:36,440 --> 00:40:42,280 Now, you would think that since the FDA can act when there's evidence of a hazard, it 436 00:40:48,920 --> 00:40:54,920 the results from the Chicago Tribune tests, where they publicize the results of their 437 00:40:54,920 --> 00:40:59,159 Although we at Environmental Health Trust have been concerned about this issue and 438 00:40:59,159 --> 00:41:02,519 warned that no phone will pass a test. 439 00:40:57,159 --> 00:41:02,159 Trust have been concerned about this issue and warned that no phone will pass 440 00:41:02,159 --> 00:41:08,059 a test if it's really tested next to the body. Here is the most recent data from 441 00:41:08,059 --> 00:41:14,199 France that we have graphed and I want to show you if you look here on the bars 442 00:41:22,480 --> 00:41:28,539 millimeters away, they're fine. There's no problem. However, when you test them 443 00:41:28,539 --> 00:41:33,519 directly on the body, look at the difference in the amount of radiation. 444 00:41:33,519 --> 00:41:39,839 Those results have led the French government to do something that I hope 445 00:41:45,519 --> 00:41:52,960 test phones the way they're used, most of them fail to meet the standard. When you 446 00:41:52,960 --> 00:41:59,400 test them the way the manufacturers advise, which can be up to 25 millimeters, 447 00:41:59,400 --> 00:42:06,799 almost an inch off the body, you get these stunning results. And because of 448 00:42:11,679 --> 00:42:19,819 Scorato to take action. These are the results just released this week on the 449 00:42:19,819 --> 00:42:29,599 iPhone 11. It exceeds the FCC's limit by double, double, okay? Now what's going to 450 00:42:29,599 --> 00:42:35,880 happen with that depends entirely. We in the United States not have a fully 451 00:42:40,239 --> 00:42:45,360 compete with you in that regard, I suppose, but you do have ministries with 452 00:42:45,360 --> 00:42:50,440 excellent people working in them who can take this information and do something 453 00:42:50,440 --> 00:42:55,319 with it, and you do have the capacity to get more information. If you'd like to 454 00:42:55,319 --> 00:42:59,960 join with us, we're going to hear from Theodora later, you'll hear from 455 00:43:06,960 --> 00:43:12,739 and get involved in what we're doing in terms, we have many podcasts and 456 00:43:12,739 --> 00:43:21,319 Patreon seminars, but I want to conclude with this. This is an image that I took 457 00:43:21,319 --> 00:43:28,079 when I visited Auschwitz, and there's a motto on it that I think is relevant to 458 00:43:36,239 --> 00:43:42,920 epidemiology confirm the past, often with death, unfortunately, and this statue 459 00:43:42,920 --> 00:43:56,519 says, "We honor the dead by warning the living." We warn the living, and I think we 460 00:44:01,960 --> 00:44:07,199 research program to clarify what is going on rather than assume everything is 461 00:44:07,199 --> 00:44:12,960 fine until we find out that it's not. Thank you very much. 462 00:44:27,519 --> 00:44:34,799 Thank you for standing up late wherever you must be now, and joining us. 463 00:44:34,799 --> 00:44:41,039 I was remarking to a friend the last time I got up, I actually got up at 464 00:44:41,039 --> 00:44:47,559 1.30, when I was climbing a volcano, and that was a different experience, but 465 00:44:47,559 --> 00:44:50,880 this feels quite similar in that we've got a mountain to climb here, that's for 466 00:44:50,880 --> 00:44:55,279 sure, and I appreciate you're creating the opportunity for us to do that, 467 00:45:00,719 --> 00:45:05,359 the science to get more robust than it is now. I just wanted to go back to 468 00:45:05,359 --> 00:45:09,519 those very disturbing numbers that you showed us with regard to even a 469 00:45:09,519 --> 00:45:17,119 tripling of certain kinds of brain cancer, and I was wondering if you could 470 00:45:17,119 --> 00:45:23,759 give us a sense of general prevalence. In other words, yes, obviously there seems 471 00:45:29,279 --> 00:45:33,039 individual, when we think about overall, do you have some sense you give us a 472 00:45:33,039 --> 00:45:36,759 context, because that's very important when we try to present these findings. 473 00:45:36,759 --> 00:45:44,920 Sure, and I think the clear answer is I don't know, but here's what I think, 474 00:45:44,920 --> 00:45:50,319 because we are exposing children, and right now in the United States we are 475 00:45:55,440 --> 00:46:00,159 them phones as toys and pacifiers when they're in the supermarket or whatever, 476 00:46:00,159 --> 00:46:05,199 and children are entranced with these things because they love the fast-moving 477 00:46:05,199 --> 00:46:09,719 images, the young brain is just, every every child that does Skype with their 478 00:46:09,719 --> 00:46:14,480 grandparents is always posing, and they know how to do that at a very young age 479 00:46:21,239 --> 00:46:28,039 undeniable sociological, psychological, and I think physiological addiction that 480 00:46:28,039 --> 00:46:35,359 we all know of. The fact that there also are physical effects, and there are, I 481 00:46:35,359 --> 00:46:41,639 think should give us great reason to reduce exposure to children, as indeed 482 00:46:46,920 --> 00:46:50,759 to do that, and then I think they may have backtracked a bit, because the 483 00:46:50,759 --> 00:46:56,440 technology again is so exciting, but the virtual reality goes right into the 484 00:46:56,440 --> 00:47:01,039 frontal lobe. If you look at our website, we have actually, we published papers on 485 00:47:01,039 --> 00:47:08,119 that with neuro anatomically correct modeling, so the answer is I can't give 486 00:47:12,359 --> 00:47:18,639 risk assessment. I would say it like this, when it comes to cancer alone, only 487 00:47:18,639 --> 00:47:29,920 cancer of the brain, you have a risk of a horrible disease that's relatively low, 488 00:47:29,920 --> 00:47:37,279 all right? So if the rate of brain cancer was to go from 7 per 100,000 to 28 per 489 00:47:42,880 --> 00:47:46,759 were the one who got that brain cancer, it would be a really big deal, and it's 490 00:47:46,759 --> 00:47:51,400 not limited to brain cancer. We have to now look at thyroid cancer, we have to 491 00:47:51,400 --> 00:47:56,239 start to look even at leukemia, because it does have a general systemic effect, 492 00:47:56,239 --> 00:48:02,599 and we have to look at rectal cancer in children. We're seeing rectal cancer in 493 00:48:09,159 --> 00:48:15,519 women in their 30s who are quite sick, because of course nobody suspected it, 494 00:48:15,519 --> 00:48:19,960 and by the time they picked it up it was metastatic, so I'm afraid I can't give 495 00:48:19,960 --> 00:48:23,400 you a straight answer. I would like to be able to, and I would think it would be 496 00:48:23,400 --> 00:48:27,599 very worthwhile for people to take what we have of these data and put some 497 00:48:27,599 --> 00:48:32,199 numbers to it, because it would help to inform the public policymakers, but just 498 00:48:37,719 --> 00:48:44,840 of brain cancer, and unfortunately, the prognosis is not good, and there have 499 00:48:44,840 --> 00:48:50,920 been a couple breakthroughs with vaccines, but still it's a lousy disease, and I'm 500 00:48:50,920 --> 00:48:54,920 afraid I can't give you more of an answer than that at this time. I am very 501 00:48:54,920 --> 00:49:01,079 concerned about the broad range of effects, not just cancer, again effects on 502 00:49:07,319 --> 00:49:13,880 are now issuing public education campaigns because of their concern. I 503 00:49:13,880 --> 00:49:18,880 think Israel could do better in this regard as well. You have the makings of 504 00:49:18,880 --> 00:49:23,559 the information. You have the information is accessible. I'm looking forward. I'm 505 00:49:23,559 --> 00:49:27,920 going to stay up to your stallion talk, because I'd like to hear what's going on 506 00:49:32,559 --> 00:49:38,679 that he and others have, so I'm looking forward to seeing how it's been applied. 507 00:49:38,679 --> 00:49:44,880 Okay, I think we are already a little bit over time, so I think we'll thank 508 00:49:44,880 --> 00:49:49,079 Deva once again for stimulating you for other disturbing talk. Thank you very 509 00:49:49,079 --> 00:49:51,319 much.