1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:10,480 Let's shift to another subject, the velocity of light. 2 00:00:11,540 --> 00:00:14,520 In the 17th century, Johannes Kepler, the famous astronomer, 3 00:00:14,920 --> 00:00:16,380 René Descartes, the famous mathematician, 4 00:00:17,100 --> 00:00:20,040 and their following, of course, believed that light was instantaneous. 5 00:00:21,080 --> 00:00:23,740 They felt that light, its speed was infinite, 6 00:00:24,500 --> 00:00:28,000 that light traveled instantly, and that was the sacred dicta. 7 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:32,920 Until 1677, a Dutchman by the name of Olaf Rohmer, 8 00:00:33,680 --> 00:00:37,780 he measured the elapsed time between the eclipses of Jupiter with its moons. 9 00:00:38,440 --> 00:00:43,760 He noticed that if you measured the eclipse of the moons at Jupiter, 10 00:00:44,320 --> 00:00:48,520 you'd get about a 15-minute difference depending on where you were on the orbit. 11 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:52,180 If you did it at certain times of the year, it would be different. 12 00:00:52,740 --> 00:00:56,700 He began to realize that those distances were such that if he did this cleverly, 13 00:00:56,700 --> 00:00:58,620 he could actually measure the speed of light, which he did. 14 00:00:59,420 --> 00:01:04,280 And he found out, first of all, that light had a finite speed, a very high speed, 15 00:01:05,340 --> 00:01:09,220 roughly 300,000 meters per second, or 186,000 miles per second, as we would say. 16 00:01:09,580 --> 00:01:11,580 But the main point was it was finite. 17 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:12,300 That shook everybody. 18 00:01:12,420 --> 00:01:14,220 No one would believe him. 19 00:01:14,420 --> 00:01:15,040 He had his data. 20 00:01:15,680 --> 00:01:16,380 The physics were... 21 00:01:16,380 --> 00:01:17,500 Something else you need to understand. 22 00:01:17,980 --> 00:01:19,960 Scientists like to brag that they're objective. 23 00:01:20,080 --> 00:01:20,640 That's baloney. 24 00:01:21,440 --> 00:01:22,180 That's utter baloney. 25 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:30,400 They cling to their presuppositions with the same tenacity that we all cling to our prejudices. 26 00:01:31,120 --> 00:01:37,680 It takes an abundance of evidence and effort to get these incorrect notions unseated. 27 00:01:38,880 --> 00:01:43,860 And Romer's experiment was repeated 50 years later by James Bradley, an Englishman. 28 00:01:43,860 --> 00:01:47,460 He confirmed Romer's work, and finally they began to acknowledge, 29 00:01:47,840 --> 00:01:49,380 gee, yeah, maybe light is not instantaneous. 30 00:01:49,520 --> 00:01:50,420 It has a finite speed. 31 00:01:51,220 --> 00:01:52,600 So that was the big breakthrough. 32 00:01:53,420 --> 00:02:00,040 Over the last 300 years, light has been measured 164 times at least by 16 different methods. 33 00:02:00,780 --> 00:02:02,540 And I thought I'd take you through each one, right? 34 00:02:04,140 --> 00:02:05,060 No, of course not. 35 00:02:05,060 --> 00:02:12,240 Two guys, Barry Setterfield, a dear friend, an Australian, and Trevor Norman, a mathematician, 36 00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:14,900 were troubled by something. 37 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:20,180 By the way, Barry Setterfield is one of the most deeply committed, practicing Christians I know. 38 00:02:21,500 --> 00:02:25,300 And he was wrestling with the whole problem, a certain problem in physics. 39 00:02:26,300 --> 00:02:30,920 And he took it in a prayer, as he describes it. 40 00:02:31,880 --> 00:02:33,740 How could this be if light is a constant? 41 00:02:33,740 --> 00:02:35,620 And it was almost like a voice says, who said it's a constant? 42 00:02:37,100 --> 00:02:42,380 And he suddenly realized that he was down a blind alley because he was in a situation to solve this problem. 43 00:02:42,440 --> 00:02:44,960 He'd have to challenge the idea, is light really a constant? 44 00:02:45,060 --> 00:02:48,360 So he and Trevor Norman decided to collect information. 45 00:02:49,160 --> 00:02:55,680 They went back and were able to dig up the raw data from these experiments through the centuries of the measurement of the speed of light. 46 00:02:55,680 --> 00:03:10,640 In 1677, when Romer measured the Iowa Eclipse, his conclusion was that the speed of light was about 307,600 kilometers per second, with an error range of about 5,400 kilometers per second. 47 00:03:11,200 --> 00:03:13,480 Okay, not bad in view of those times, of course. 48 00:03:13,480 --> 00:03:20,400 In 1875, Harvard, using the same method, repeated the experiment. 49 00:03:20,680 --> 00:03:27,120 And because of better technology over, you know, more than 100 years, they had a lower error band. 50 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:30,960 Instead of 5,400 kilometers per second, it was down to 13 kilometers, give or take. 51 00:03:30,960 --> 00:03:31,420 You follow me? 52 00:03:32,420 --> 00:03:44,780 And then in 1983, the National Bureau of Standards, using a laser, ran their experiment, and they got the error down to 0.00003 kilometers per second. 53 00:03:45,180 --> 00:03:51,040 So as you look through the couple of centuries here, you realize that the technology is improving. 54 00:03:51,180 --> 00:03:53,240 The error band is getting much more precise. 55 00:03:54,040 --> 00:03:56,460 But that's not what caught Barry Satterfield's eye. 56 00:03:57,400 --> 00:03:59,100 What disturbed him is, look at the mean. 57 00:03:59,100 --> 00:04:08,000 It went from 307,600, down to 299,921, then down to 299,792. 58 00:04:08,660 --> 00:04:14,320 It's the time, excuse me, the speed is slowly decreasing. 59 00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:16,740 It's actually getting asymptotic. 60 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:23,780 A guy, a mathematician by the name of Alan Montgomery, took all the data and subjected it to a rigorous computer analysis 61 00:04:23,780 --> 00:04:29,820 and came to the conclusion that the regression, not just of these three experiments, I'll just give you three to give you a summary, 62 00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:36,480 that if you look at all the data, there's a 99% correlation to what he calls a cosecant squared curve. 63 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:40,640 In other words, if it's going slower now, it went faster in the past. 64 00:04:40,760 --> 00:04:41,440 How much faster? 65 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:45,020 Somewhere between 10 and 30% faster in the time of Christ. 66 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:48,200 Somewhere about twice as fast in the days of Solomon. 67 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:56,140 Somewhere about four times as fast in the days of Abraham and about 10 million times as fast prior to 3000 BC. 68 00:04:56,140 --> 00:05:06,920 Now, this, of course, as it started to be published here over a decade ago, was given the horse laugh by all the classical physicists. 69 00:05:07,300 --> 00:05:11,100 Who are these characters and don't they understand the speed of light? 70 00:05:11,840 --> 00:05:12,880 Everybody's been in physics. 71 00:05:12,980 --> 00:05:15,500 The more you know about physics, the more you've been into atomic structures, 72 00:05:15,560 --> 00:05:20,580 you discover the speed of light is a factor on almost every equation you get into. 73 00:05:20,580 --> 00:05:23,960 In terms of energy transfers and on and on and on. 74 00:05:24,020 --> 00:05:26,380 The speed of light is a very fundamental parameter. 75 00:05:27,540 --> 00:05:28,280 But that's the point. 76 00:05:28,340 --> 00:05:29,200 It's a parameter, not a constant. 77 00:05:29,980 --> 00:05:32,580 And so the idea that it's not a constant shook them. 78 00:05:33,160 --> 00:05:38,680 But even Einstein expressed surprise during his lifetime that anything would be constant in the universe. 79 00:05:39,700 --> 00:05:44,840 He accepted it as a constant, but reluctantly, because he withheld some disbelief. 80 00:05:44,840 --> 00:05:51,260 So this, first of all, pulls the rug out from under any reckoning of time. 81 00:05:52,460 --> 00:05:53,900 You're talking radiological time? 82 00:05:54,060 --> 00:05:55,060 We're talking orbital time? 83 00:05:55,180 --> 00:05:57,300 See, suddenly you're raising some serious questions here. 84 00:05:57,940 --> 00:06:00,960 And in the first six days, let me rephrase that. 85 00:06:01,100 --> 00:06:05,300 In the first five days of the creation week, who was around? 86 00:06:07,780 --> 00:06:08,700 Only God. 87 00:06:09,660 --> 00:06:10,820 So I'll take him at his word. 88 00:06:10,820 --> 00:06:21,820 And this is why more and more scientists are beginning to accept the many evidences in many fields of science 89 00:06:21,820 --> 00:06:27,600 that the Earth is actually far younger than most people have any idea. 90 00:06:28,360 --> 00:06:29,500 Less than 10,000 years. 91 00:06:29,720 --> 00:06:31,160 Not millions and millions and millions. 92 00:06:32,140 --> 00:06:33,620 Now we went through a few of those last time. 93 00:06:33,660 --> 00:06:35,040 We'll give you some others before our series is over. 94 00:06:35,620 --> 00:06:37,300 Now there are other confirmations here. 95 00:06:37,300 --> 00:06:41,720 This kind of thing was mentioned in a French astronomical journal in 27. 96 00:06:42,800 --> 00:06:45,400 Tom Flander, Van Flanderen, in the U.S. Naval Observatory, 97 00:06:47,220 --> 00:06:49,820 points out that atomic clocks are slowing relative to orbital clocks. 98 00:06:49,880 --> 00:06:50,760 I'll come back to that in a minute. 99 00:06:51,480 --> 00:06:57,320 A guy, Manav Tretzky, in Moscow, independent of Satterfield, about the same time, 100 00:06:57,400 --> 00:07:00,080 published back in 87 a similar kind of insight. 101 00:07:00,220 --> 00:07:01,140 And there have been other... 102 00:07:01,140 --> 00:07:03,160 Now I'll tell you what really bothers me. 103 00:07:03,160 --> 00:07:11,920 In the last 18 to 24 months, there have been literally dozens of articles in the reputable journals, 104 00:07:12,140 --> 00:07:19,940 Nature, Science, these highly reputable journals, by different guys who've discovered the speed of light's not constant. 105 00:07:19,940 --> 00:07:31,260 What frosts me about watching this parade, on the one hand, I'm gratified to see that we're not out in left field with some weird idea that this is now becoming accepted. 106 00:07:31,740 --> 00:07:42,840 But I find it significant that none of these guys have had the integrity or the character to acknowledge Barry Satterfield's original papers. 107 00:07:42,840 --> 00:07:51,460 The abuse that he had from the profession for more than 10 years, you'd think, would at least merit a reference. 108 00:07:52,580 --> 00:07:54,200 But there are none forthcoming. 109 00:07:55,420 --> 00:08:00,640 There are now articles around that betray that, and there's plenty of this stuff on the Internet for those interested. 110 00:08:00,640 --> 00:08:28,160 Also, a preview of all the things that we have mentioned, is a Лги这个啊, 111 00:08:28,160 --> 00:08:30,160 You