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I'm best known for my book, Fingerprints of the Gods.

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It made the case that civilization is much older and much more mysterious than we thought.

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For publishing that book in 1995, I was subjected to just a giant amount of bizarre and furious criticism from the archaeological world.

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And they said that I was completely wrong and they'd got the whole story of civilization taped.

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And one of the magazines that particularly attacked me was New Scientist magazine in England.

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So a couple of years ago, I was really pleased to see this headline in New Scientist.

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The true dawn, civilization is older and more mysterious than we thought.

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Things are changing.

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Things are changing.

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Now, this is my new book, which is the sequel to Fingerprints of the Gods.

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And a lot of what I'll tell you today, you can find much more information on that in Magicians of the Gods.

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And this is my wonderful wife, Santa, who took the majority of the photographs you'll be seeing today.

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Santa and I have worked together nonstop for 25 years.

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We've been at the bottom of the ocean.

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We've been at the top of the Great Pyramid.

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I would never have done anything that I've done if I hadn't had this amazing woman by my side.

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Thank you.

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So, it's natural and right and proper that we should all be struck by the sense of mystery that emanates from the past.

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It's a place where there are just many, many questions and very few answers.

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The sense of mystery is paramount.

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And then we see extraordinary things like the Great Pyramids of Giza, these giant, almost perfect monuments, and then curious imagery like this in the crypt at Dendera.

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And it's natural to wonder, what are we looking at?

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Are we dealing with some kind of technology?

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What's going on with all of this?

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How the hell did they do these extraordinary things?

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And, you know, when we look at some of the big blocks of stone that are lifted, you know, the notion of teams of men shoving the stuff up hills when it breaks modern trucks is just a little bit difficult to take.

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But I don't think we have to conclude that the answer is aliens did it.

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Maybe a lost human civilization had powers and abilities that we ourselves do not have.

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Let's keep an open mind to that possibility.

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So, not all E.T. ray guns are E.T. ray guns.

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These are two of the monolithic statues from Tiwanaku in Bolivia.

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And you'll see that they're holding curious objects in their hands.

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And there has been speculation that these are E.T. objects.

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They're not.

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They're quite recognizable, as a matter of fact.

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They are snuff trays for the consumption of an adenanthera colubrina, a dimethyltryptamine snuff.

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These trays are still used in the Amazon rainforest, which is close to Tiwanaku.

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And it tells us that the citizens of Tiwanaku venerated altered states of consciousness.

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It says nothing about alien intervention.

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Here's Maria Riker, who I had the privilege to meet before she passed away.

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And, you know, she has long ago pointed out that the Nazca lines must not be construed as landing strips for aircraft.

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Because the aircraft would have got stuck.

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The desert there is soft.

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And the Nazca lines are certainly not landing strips of any kind, nor imitation landing strips.

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They are maybe something much more mysterious than that.

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And a whole constellation diagram laid out on the plains of Nazca.

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Not all megaliths are old.

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I made an extensive research trip in Indonesia in 2014.

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And there are existing megalithic cultures.

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We're looking at one here.

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If you look at the imagery on the screen, all of these megaliths have been raised within the last 200 years.

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And they're still putting them up today.

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They have megaliths there that weigh more than 30 tons.

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They bring them distances of about 5 kilometers from the quarry to the site.

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And then they raise them up.

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I asked them, do you use buffalo to drag the megaliths here?

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They're so heavy.

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They said, no, we use teams of men with ropes and rollers.

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But afterwards, we slaughter the buffalo and give them to the men to eat.

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So, not every large block of stone has to be the work of aliens.

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I can see these people making these megaliths today.

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Not everything that looks like an alien spaceship is an alien spaceship.

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This object here is in Armenia, in rock art in Armenia.

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And when our Armenian friends took us up there and told us that the area was renowned for UFO sightings, I was very excited to see what looked like a UFO with jets of flame jutting out from underneath it.

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And you can see even like a fleet of UFOs there.

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You see the four jets of flame and the curved dome top that you see there.

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And then here we're looking closer, there's the curved domed top and there's the jets of flame coming out.

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I was convinced that we were dealing with UFOs until I began to look much more closely at the petroglyphs on that mountaintop.

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And when I did so, I found that actually what those objects that I thought were UFOs are, they're ibexes.

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They're ibexes.

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You can see it here most clearly.

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And in some cases, they complete the dome.

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The jets of flame, they're the legs of the ibex.

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So let's not jump, you know, to conclusions immediately just because something strikes the eye.

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Now, Baalbek, an amazing site, very close to the Syrian border in the Lebanon.

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Really an incredible place.

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I was well aware when I went to Baalbek that it has been claimed that there's a giant megalithic platform at Baalbek and that that giant platform was built to take the weight of alien landing craft, specifically the landing craft of the Anunnaki or the Nephilim.

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And that megaliths had to be used to make the whole platform because the weights that it would support were so heavy seemed like a very convincing argument.

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But when I got to Baalbek myself and looked at ground truth, I found that this could not possibly be the case.

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Let me explain why.

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I'm sitting on that platform at Baalbek.

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And clearly what I'm sitting in is a Roman temple.

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This is this is the Roman temple of Jupiter at Baalbek.

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And those are six of the remaining columns.

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There used to be 54 of them.

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Here's a map of the whole complex.

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And I'm going to focus around here because this is the area that has been claimed to be the landing platform for the Nephilim.

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We'll go back to this shot.

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And essentially what we're doing is we're looking south.

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We're looking south and we're seeing these columns behind me.

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If we look in the other direction, we can see another Roman temple, the temple of Bacchus nearby.

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By the way, the Romans could move very heavy blocks of stone.

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There are blocks of stone that have fallen from the pediment up here that weigh in excess of 300 tons.

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They've been raised to 70 or 80 feet above the ground.

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And they're definitely the work of the Romans.

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But I don't think all of this site is the work of the Romans.

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If we look up now towards the temple of Jupiter, if we look up towards the temple of Jupiter, we can see in the foreground that actually there are no megaliths here.

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There are very small, regular blocks.

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And if we look down from the temple of Jupiter, we can also see that this platform is not built of megaliths.

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It's built of small, regular blocks.

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You can see it in excavation.

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So back onto the top, where the temple of Jupiter now stands, let's look on the north side.

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If we look over that platform, we do see giant megaliths running along the north side, but they're separate from the platform.

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They are not connected to the platform.

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There's a gap of about 35 feet between the megaliths and the platform.

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These are true megaliths weighing in the range of 600 tons each.

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Now, again, you can see that megalithic wall running quite separate from the temple of Jupiter platform.

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Megalithic wall, and here's the platform, quite separate, and the platform is not made of megaliths.

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If we go to the south side, we can see, again, these extraordinary megaliths in the range of 500 to 600 tons.

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And they run all the way along the south side.

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So you have a wall on the north side, and you have a wall on the south side, but in both cases, they're separate from the platform.

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There's that wall of huge blocks.

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And let's continue on.

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Again, on the north side, the separate wall.

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Here, I'm standing there for scale.

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But where it gets really interesting is when we go to the western wall of Baalbek.

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Remember, it is separate from the platform.

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When we go to the western wall, we find ourselves confronted by the trilithon.

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This is the trilithon.

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These are three huge blocks of stone weighing around 900 tons each.

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And they are raised above other blocks of stone weighing about 600 tons each.

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But they are not part of a megalithic platform.

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They are separate from that platform by about 35 feet, although on this side it's been filled in.

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So there I'm pointing up at the trilithon, those three 900 tonne blocks.

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And this gap here is, in this shot you can see it here, and there I'm actually sitting on top of one of the trilithon stones.

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And the gap between it and the platform here has been filled.

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Mainstream academics say they have a killer argument to prove that that U-shaped megalithic wall running on the north, west, and south sides of the platform was actually made by the Romans.

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I don't think they're right.

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Their killer argument, if you can see the screen, is just in front of my right foot here, down at the bottom.

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It's this slightly darker block in the foundations.

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When we look more closely at that block and excavate it a bit, we find that this block in the foundations is a piece of a Roman pillar.

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It's a piece of one of the pillars that had fallen on the top.

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So the academics say this proves the Romans did everything.

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Because we have a Roman temple on top, and we have a Roman column drum being used, reused, recycled as a block in the foundations, so the Romans must have done it.

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But what they're not taking into account is the centuries of warfare to which Barbeck was subjected.

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Barbeck was used as a fortress for the best part of a thousand years.

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And in that time, its walls were repeatedly undermined by attacking armies.

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They were firing those huge catapults with rocks at the walls, demolishing bits of the walls, undermining the walls, mining beneath them.

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And there are records of repairs being done.

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And I would say what we're looking at here is a repair block that was done in Arab times to an undermined foundation.

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I think the Arabs put that there.

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I don't think the Romans had anything to do with it.

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And you can see other places where we know that the Arabs used recycled Roman column drums, like here.

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You can see a recycled column drum there.

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And if we get closer, we can see that it's just as well fitted as this one.

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So I don't think that this proves that the Romans built the megalithic wall at Barbeck at all.

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And then there's something else.

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When we go to the quarry where the megaliths were hewn out, we find the really big blocks.

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This one weighs over a thousand tons.

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That's me standing on the top of it there.

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They call it the stone of the pregnant woman.

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It's completely separated from the bedrock underneath.

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And the view of the academics is that the Romans made this, but then they found they couldn't move it, so they just left it there.

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And they also left this one there, having gone to all the trouble of making it.

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This one weighs 1,200 tons.

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And then, you know what, just last year, just in 2015, another one was discovered.

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This one lying here, below the stone of the pregnant woman, was unknown to archaeology until the summer of 2015.

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Why was it unknown?

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Because the whole thing was covered with sediment.

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Then they excavated it, and they found that it's the biggest of all.

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This megalith actually weighs 1,460 tons.

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So the argument is that the Romans, having gone to all that trouble to cut and hew these blocks square, they then discovered at the last minute that they were just a wee bit too heavy to move.

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So they couldn't move them, so they just left them there.

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I have to tell you, that's a very un-Roman thing to do.

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If the Romans had cut these blocks, and if they had found they couldn't move them, they would have sliced them up like loaves of bread.

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And they would have used them to make smaller blocks.

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A lot of the work was already done.

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This suggests to me that this whole area was unknown to the Romans.

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I think the whole thing was covered with sediment, just as that latest megalith was covered with sediment, and the Romans never knew it at all.

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In other words, I think in that megalithic U-shaped wall around the Roman temple of Baalbek, I think we're looking at a prehistoric megalithic construction, which made that site sacred, and that's why it then became a sacred place.

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Let's move over to Giza in Egypt, and the Great Pyramid, arguably the most extraordinary ancient monument in the world.

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The Great Pyramid is situated on a significant latitude.

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It's situated on latitude 30 degrees north.

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That's one-third of the way between the North Pole and the equator.

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There's a slight error of a few seconds of one degree, and it's been argued that that may have been because of atmospheric refraction taking bearings on true north.

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The other point is that the Great Pyramid is almost perfectly aligned to true north, by which I mean the rotation pole of the planet.

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I don't mean magnetic north.

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It's almost perfectly aligned to true north.

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There is an error, though, and the error is tiny.

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It's three sixtieths of a single degree.

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My view is that if the Great Pyramid incorporated alien technology, if it incorporated the technology of a civilization that could cross interstellar space, then it wouldn't even be three sixtieths of a single degree of true north.

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It would be perfectly aligned to true north.

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If you can navigate across space and find this pale blue dot, and you want to build a pyramid and align it to true north, you will get it spot on, not with an error.

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I think we're looking at human error there.

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Interestingly enough, if you take the height of the Great Pyramid and multiply it by 43,200, you get the polar radius of the earth.

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And if you take the base perimeter of the Great Pyramid and multiply it by 43,200, you get the equatorial circumference of the earth.

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And the error is less than half of one percent, which is very precise.

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It's far beyond the knowledge and abilities attributed by Egyptologists to the ancient Egyptians.

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But again, it's not ancient astronaut precise.

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We're dealing at amazing human workmanship here, in my view, and the objective seems to have been to devise an enduring mathematical scale model of a hemisphere of the earth on the scale of 1 to 43,200, that this monument should speak to the earth.

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And that scale is not random, and I'll demonstrate why in a moment.

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Well, the short answer to that is read Hamlet's Mill.

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It's one of the most difficult books I've ever read.

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I had to read it five times.

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It's by Giorgio de Santillano, the professor of the history of science at MIT, and Hertha von Deschend, who was professor of the history of science at Frankfurt University.

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And what they're arguing in that book is that there is evidence contained in myths and traditions all around the world that the ancients in deep and remote antiquity had understood a motion of the earth, which we call the precession of the equinoxes.

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And this is to give you a sense of what precession is.

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If you can see the little gif that's rotating on the screen, let's point the pointer from there, half a turn is 12,500 years, and another half a turn, in fact, is 12,800 years.

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It's about 25,600 years, 25,920 years for the full wobble of precession.

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And because the earth is the viewing platform from which we observe the stars, that changes the pole star, and it changes the stars that house the sun on the equinoxes and the solstices.

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And that's how we get the sense of that we are living in the dawning of the age of Aquarius, because this motion is going to shift the equinoxial sun out of Pisces, where it is presently, and into Aquarius rather soon.

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And this whole process operates, all you really need to take away from this, is that this whole process operates at the rate of one degree every 72 years.

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That is the heartbeat of the system.

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One degree every 72 years.

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One complete house of the zodiac takes 2,160 years to pass through.

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We've been in the age of Pisces for most of the last 2,160 years.

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And that's 30 degrees times 72 gives you that 2,160.

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What Santillana and von Deschen point out is that this knowledge of what precession is was not discovered by the Greeks in the 4th century BC at all.

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It was discovered vastly earlier than that, because the key numbers relating to precession and key thought tools that describe precession are found in the most ancient myths and traditions of mankind.

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Many of those myths involving the great flood, they are found again and again, and they go back into deep antiquity, and Santillana and von Deschen trace the origins of the system to what they called some almost unbelievable ancestor civilization of prehistoric antiquity that first dared to understand the world as created according to number, measure, and weight.

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So, that's the scale, 43,200 is a multiple of 62.

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They have given us the dimensions of our planet on a scale defined by a key motion of our planet.

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And in my view, that's a very smart thing to do.

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It's a very clever thing to do, but I believe it's a human thing to do.

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The system is not only expressed in myth, it's also expressed in architecture.

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At Angkor in Cambodia, for example, we have 108 statues in each avenue, 54 on a side.

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Let me explain.

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72 plus 36, that's half of 72, is 108.

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108 divided by 2 is 54.

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These are all part of the pre-sessional numbers identified by Santillana and von Deschen.

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And why am I showing you the Hoover Dam?

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Well, I'm showing you the Hoover Dam because it has a star map built into it.

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And I'm telling you this because the idea of providing dating for monuments using the stars is something we do today.

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Oscar Hansen, who built the star map into the Hoover Dam, said that he believed that in remote ages to come, intelligent people with knowledge of precession would be able to discern the astronomical time of the dam's dedication.

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In other words, he froze the skies over the dam at the time of its dedication.

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And you can read back those skies with modern computer simulations using precession, and you can see exactly when this was built.

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So, Giza in Egypt, this extraordinary architectural site, does it have some dating mechanism built into it?

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Well, here I am.

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I'm standing on top of the Great Pyramid of Giza with the second pyramid, the pyramid, so-called Pyramid of Khafre behind me.

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Lots of graffiti here on top of the Great Pyramid, going back actually hundreds and hundreds of years.

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And there I found the graffiti of my own grandfather.

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I would tell the story, but I suspect you've probably all heard it already.

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No?

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Okay, so this was, Santa and I have climbed the Great Pyramid five times.

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Three times illegally, and twice legally.

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This was one of the illegal climbs.

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And, but in fact, we discovered my grandfather's graffiti on one of the legal climbs.

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Here's what it was.

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One step below where I'm standing, I found carved into the stone, quite prominently, the name P. Hancock.

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5th of April, 1916.

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Well, Philip Hancock was my grandfather, and he was a chaplain with British forces in Egypt in 1915 and 1916.

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So I called my dad, who had my grandfather's diaries, and I said, would you check the entry for the 5th of April, 1916?

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And he said, okay.

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And I heard him get the diaries out.

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There were these little things about an inch high.

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And he's leafing through them, and he comes to the page, and he says, but Graham, there's just one line here.

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I said, tell me what it says.

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He said, climbed Great Pyramid today.

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So, honestly, standing on top of this monument is an incredible privilege.

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You can feel the power and the energy just vibrating beneath your feet.

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You are in the heart of the mystery here.

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The Great Pyramids overlook the Nile Valley.

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You won't even be able to see it here with this poor reproduction of pictures, but the Great Sphinx is over here on the left, looking out over the Nile Valley.

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And let's take procession into account.

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Let's look at the skies over Giza.

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And when we do that, and I want to pay tribute to my friend and colleague, Robert Boval, for the groundbreaking discovery of the Orion Correlation, and Robert is talking here at Contact in the Desert.

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When we do that, and the work that Robert and I did together on our next book, which was called The Message of the Sphinx,

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you find that between the period of 12,800 and 11,600 years ago on the equinox, you get this amazing sky-ground match.

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As the belt of Orion crosses the meridian, the three belt stars are in the pattern of the three pyramids on the ground.

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The Great Sphinx is looking at the constellation of Leo, its celestial counterpart rising in the sky.

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Even the Milky Way seems to be mirrored by the River Nile.

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And I'm quite certain that a huge effort was made to draw our attention to that period with the construction of these monuments using the code of precession.

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So, there's the Milky Way.

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Let's consider another ancient adage.

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As above, so below.

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We here on Earth are part of a giant cosmos.

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And events that happen in the far reaches of the cosmos affect us here, even though we may not know it or imagine what's going on.

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And there's our galaxy, the Milky Way.

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And we're in orbit around the center of the galaxy.

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When we look up at the Milky Way, we're actually looking at this system edge on.

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We're looking into the edge of it, and we're in orbit around the center of the galaxy.

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And it takes hundreds of millions of years to complete that orbit.

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The sun and the whole solar system is going round and round that huge black hole at the center of the galaxy.

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And in that process, it's not entirely in the plane of the galaxy.

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The solar system dives up and down through the galactic plane.

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And those dives up and down through the galactic plane, approximately every 32 million years, those have an effect on the population of comets that is sent in to the inner solar system.

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There are two main sources of comets, the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.

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And it's the Oort Cloud that particularly concerns us here.

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At a vast distance from the sun, almost halfway to the nearest star, the Oort Cloud has trillions and trillions of comets in it.

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And it's those comets, some of which may be 200 miles in diameter, it's those comets that are disturbed by the orbital path of the solar system.

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And from time to time, they are taken out of safe orbits and brought into the inner solar system on an orbit that crosses the orbit of the Earth.

282
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And by the way, comets are not just dirty snowballs.

283
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Comets are big chunks of rock bound together with ice.

284
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We know that now from the photography of Comet 67P, the nucleus of this comet is about 5 kilometers in diameter.

285
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And it's very solid.

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Now, as I've said, comets can exceed 200, I say kilometers, but actually 200 miles in diameter.

287
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But if we take this 5 kilometer comet and imaginarily blow it up to 30 kilometers, that's what it would look like over the city of Los Angeles.

288
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Now, we all know that the dinosaurs are extinct, right?

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And we know why.

290
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I think it's generally accepted in the conventional wisdom that the dinosaurs were made extinct by a cosmic impact, by a big chunk of rock that comes in and hits the Earth and causes such devastation that it completely wipes the dinosaurs from the record.

291
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It left a distinct trace in the soil.

292
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This is called the Cretaceous Tertiary Boundary.

293
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It's marked by the dotted line here.

294
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And it contains very definite chemical products.

295
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It contains melt glass, which is very like trinitite, the melt gas caused in nuclear explosions, because the heat of these impacts is unbelievable.

296
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It has nanodiamonds.

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Nanodiamonds are created by the heat and shock of the impact.

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Carbon spariules, evidence of temperatures in excess of 2,000 degrees centigrade, the boiling point of quartz, across vast areas of the Earth's surface.

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This layer alone should have been enough to convince science that it was a cosmic impact that wiped out the dinosaurs, because you don't get those abundances of those particular proxies unless it's a cosmic impact.

300
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But science refused to believe Lewis and Walter Alvarez, the father-son team who made this discovery.

301
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And they underwent 10 years of abuse from their colleagues in science, constant attacks, accused of making stuff up.

302
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Of course, it wasn't a cosmic impact.

303
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And by the way, where's the crater?

304
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Well, they said, look, this happened 65 million years ago.

305
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The crater has been eroded away.

306
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But no, no crater, no evidence.

307
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That was the view.

308
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Well, then they found the crater, deeply buried beneath the Gulf of Mexico, the Chicxulub Crater.

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And that settled the debate, actually.

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There's no argument now.

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It was a cosmic impact that destroyed the dinosaurs.

312
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And more and more evidence is suggesting it wasn't an asteroid, it was a comet.

313
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Comets travel much faster than asteroids.

314
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They can travel at speeds of 70,000 miles an hour.

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You get much more bang for your buck with a comet.

316
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So, why am I showing you pictures of dinosaurs and chickens?

317
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You may well ask.

318
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Look, I'm showing you those pictures because these cosmic impacts are world-changing events.

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They change everything.

320
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The dinosaurs are gone.

321
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But if they have survived in any way, they've survived in the bird line.

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So, chickens.

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This event was so enormous that it actually turned dinosaurs into chickens.

324
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And at the same time, skulking in the primitive forests, the primeval undergrowth, was this little shrew-like creature.

325
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A representative of the mammalian line going nowhere while the dinosaurs ruled the earth.

326
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But when the dinosaurs were swept out of the way, evolution began to take place.

327
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And lo and behold, meet your 65 million-year-old mother.

328
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None of us would be here if the dinosaurs had not been made extinct.

329
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If new niches had not been opened up that allowed this ancestral mammal to undergo the process of evolution.

330
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So, these events change everything.

331
00:31:04,120 --> 00:31:05,580
They change the world.

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NASA has taken this into account.

333
00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:10,980
But NASA likes to keep us all very calm.

334
00:31:12,560 --> 00:31:17,140
And so, what NASA says is, yeah, big events happen like the event that destroyed the dinosaurs.

335
00:31:17,320 --> 00:31:21,360
But they only happen once every 100 million years.

336
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I have to say, how nice of the universe to be so Germanic in its timekeeping that we can say only every 100 million years.

337
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And if that's the case, we have nothing to worry about now.

338
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And comet impacts have nothing to do with the human story.

339
00:31:35,460 --> 00:31:39,080
Not all astronomers agree with NASA about this.

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And I'm showing a group of astronomers here, the late Sir Fred Hoyle, Chandra Wickram Singh, Victor Klub, Bill Napier,

341
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who have been focusing for the best part of three decades on the issue of comets.

342
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And they are very concerned about comets.

343
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And their body of work is impressive.

344
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One point they make is that there's an ancient fear of comets.

345
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You can't go anywhere in the world, in any ancient culture that I'm aware of, and find comets being portrayed as good news.

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Comets are always portrayed as bad news, associated with death, destruction, the bringing of disease, and so on and so forth.

347
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They argue, why would this be, unless there's some collective memory that we had a problem with a comet once?

348
00:32:25,860 --> 00:32:30,780
NASA, again, tried to keep us all calm, telling us what a meteor shower is.

349
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But we've all seen meteors, right?

350
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What meteor showers are, are the fragmented debris of former comets, which are on Earth-crossing orbits.

351
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Gradually, a comet breaks up into multiple fragments.

352
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And over a long period of time, they break down into smaller fragments.

353
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And then you get a huge cloud of debris.

354
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That's a meteor shower.

355
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And as the Earth passes through it, we see shooting stars.

356
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And NASA says, don't worry, because the meteoroids are usually very small, biggest at the fist size.

357
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They burn up in the atmosphere.

358
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Not going to do us any harm.

359
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This is comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, which hit Jupiter in 1994.

360
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Shoemaker-Levy 9 did what all comets do.

361
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It broke up into multiple fragments.

362
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Only they weren't fist-sized fragments.

363
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They were huge, lethal fragments.

364
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More than 20 of them.

365
00:33:21,140 --> 00:33:26,160
And those of us who remember the coverage at the time will remember the impacts on Jupiter.

366
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The giant explosive impacts that took place on Jupiter.

367
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The total explosive power of those impacts is 300 gigatons.

368
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A gigaton is equivalent to 1 billion tons of TNT.

369
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The stockpiled nuclear arsenal of the entire Earth, if it were to explode at once, would be equivalent to just 6.4 gigatons.

370
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So this is the moment where I ask you all collectively to join me in saying, thank you, Jupiter.

371
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Thank you for taking one for the team.

372
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Again and again and again.

373
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Because none of us would be here if Jupiter was not out there in the outer solar system sweeping up most of the comets that would destroy life on Earth forever.

374
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It's our guardian and our protector.

375
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And we should view it with gratitude, even as a god, I would say.

376
00:34:20,340 --> 00:34:22,600
The comets break up into multiple fragments.

377
00:34:22,880 --> 00:34:25,180
And those fragments can be big and dangerous.

378
00:34:26,300 --> 00:34:31,540
The group of astronomers I've mentioned are focusing particularly on the torrid meteor stream.

379
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We pass through it twice a year, at the end of June and at the end of October.

380
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We see shooting stars at the end of October because they're coming in from the nighttime side of the Earth.

381
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In June we don't.

382
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They're coming in from the daytime side of the Earth.

383
00:34:43,900 --> 00:34:44,500
But they're there.

384
00:34:45,540 --> 00:34:51,320
It's called the torrid meteor stream because it appears to emanate from the region of the sky where the constellation of Taurus sits.

385
00:34:51,420 --> 00:34:52,720
Of course, it's not that far away.

386
00:34:52,760 --> 00:34:53,280
It's very close.

387
00:34:53,280 --> 00:34:57,280
So, two passages through the stream.

388
00:34:57,640 --> 00:35:03,660
We have impacts in June and we have impacts meteorites at the end of October.

389
00:35:04,460 --> 00:35:12,260
Interestingly enough, the most recent substantial impact out of the torrid meteor stream was as recent as 1908.

390
00:35:12,960 --> 00:35:15,540
And it happened on the 30th of June, 1908.

391
00:35:15,740 --> 00:35:17,680
And that's the Tunguska event.

392
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This was a very small bit of the fragmented comet.

393
00:35:22,620 --> 00:35:26,960
It was just about 60 to 190 meters in diameter.

394
00:35:27,420 --> 00:35:28,860
It didn't even hit the ground.

395
00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:30,180
It air burst.

396
00:35:30,420 --> 00:35:31,740
It exploded in the air.

397
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It flattened an unbelievable 80 million trees across more than 2,000 square kilometers.

398
00:35:39,420 --> 00:35:41,320
That's bigger than the city of London.

399
00:35:42,480 --> 00:35:48,660
If this event had happened over a center of major population, it would have been catastrophic in its consequences.

400
00:35:48,660 --> 00:35:53,500
It's very fortunate that it happened over an uninhabited area of Siberia.

401
00:35:53,500 --> 00:35:57,360
So, this is a graphic showing the torrid meteor stream.

402
00:35:57,840 --> 00:36:01,400
We pass through it here and we pass through it here twice a year.

403
00:36:01,900 --> 00:36:03,960
Each passage takes 12 days.

404
00:36:04,460 --> 00:36:08,660
There are a number of large known objects in the torrid meteor stream.

405
00:36:08,780 --> 00:36:11,480
One of them is called Comet Enki, as a matter of fact.

406
00:36:11,480 --> 00:36:13,320
It's about 6 kilometers in diameter.

407
00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:19,400
It is a fragment of the original giant comet that broke up into multiple parts.

408
00:36:19,440 --> 00:36:22,240
And we're looking at a huge turbulent cloud of debris.

409
00:36:22,740 --> 00:36:26,980
And that cloud of debris is 30 million miles wide.

410
00:36:26,980 --> 00:36:32,520
The Earth travels at 2.5 million miles a day on its orbital path.

411
00:36:32,620 --> 00:36:37,180
That's why it takes us 12 days to pass through the torrid meteor stream.

412
00:36:37,180 --> 00:36:46,760
It's a bit like strapping on a blindfold and crossing an eight-lane interstate twice a year and hoping you don't meet any traffic.

413
00:36:47,520 --> 00:36:51,260
Or if you do, that it would be motorcycles rather than trucks.

414
00:36:51,260 --> 00:37:01,320
So, now another team, a team of geologists who hadn't even been comparing notes with the astronomers until very recently.

415
00:37:01,740 --> 00:37:05,440
They started to publish in the scientific press in 2007.

416
00:37:06,280 --> 00:37:09,140
The general public is not largely aware of what they found.

417
00:37:09,880 --> 00:37:14,680
They're led by James Kennett, who's a marine geologist professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

418
00:37:14,820 --> 00:37:18,380
Richard Firestone is a soft scientist, nuclear science division.

419
00:37:18,380 --> 00:37:22,340
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Albert Goodyear is an archaeologist.

420
00:37:22,460 --> 00:37:23,760
James Whitke is a geologist.

421
00:37:24,220 --> 00:37:25,620
Alan West is a geophysicist.

422
00:37:25,700 --> 00:37:27,420
Actually, there's more than 30 of them.

423
00:37:28,420 --> 00:37:34,920
And they have, as I mentioned, been publishing in the peer-reviewed press since 2007.

424
00:37:35,060 --> 00:37:37,480
I want to give you a brief glimpse of what they found.

425
00:37:38,600 --> 00:37:42,600
But to understand it, you need to understand why they started to look into this at all.

426
00:37:43,920 --> 00:37:46,300
Everybody knows the world went through an ice age.

427
00:37:46,300 --> 00:37:50,660
The last ice age set in about 125,000 years ago.

428
00:37:51,660 --> 00:37:55,700
And it reached its maximum extent 21,300 years ago.

429
00:37:55,780 --> 00:37:57,780
That was the last glacial maximum.

430
00:37:58,180 --> 00:38:05,860
At that time, the northern hemisphere was covered in massive ice sheets that were about two, in some cases, three miles deep.

431
00:38:05,860 --> 00:38:12,720
All of that water frozen in ice on the continental landmasses meant sea levels were much lower.

432
00:38:13,040 --> 00:38:15,940
They were 400 feet lower than they are today.

433
00:38:16,620 --> 00:38:26,380
As a result, 10 million square miles of land, that's roughly Europe and China, added together, that were above water then are underwater now since the ice melted.

434
00:38:26,380 --> 00:38:28,560
But here's the funny thing.

435
00:38:29,040 --> 00:38:33,260
After 21,300 years ago, the world began to warm up.

436
00:38:34,180 --> 00:38:41,280
And then, really suddenly, 12,800 years ago, there's an incredible plunge in temperatures.

437
00:38:41,280 --> 00:38:46,640
And this is accompanied by massive animal extinctions and by flooding.

438
00:38:47,640 --> 00:38:53,540
And it lasts, this plunge of temperatures, for 1,200 years until 11,600 years ago.

439
00:38:54,000 --> 00:38:56,320
Geologists call it the younger dry ass.

440
00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:01,920
And the geologists who I just showed you were interested in what caused the younger dry ass.

441
00:39:01,920 --> 00:39:08,200
Why did the world go into this short, sharp, deep freeze accompanied by flooding and animal extinctions?

442
00:39:08,340 --> 00:39:13,480
Because the peak of the megafaunal extinctions is exactly there in the younger dry ass.

443
00:39:14,300 --> 00:39:20,020
And it's clear also that the epicenter of this extinction was in North America.

444
00:39:20,360 --> 00:39:25,920
North America was most radically affected by what happened in the younger dry ass, but it was global.

445
00:39:26,200 --> 00:39:28,340
It was a worldwide phenomenon.

446
00:39:28,340 --> 00:39:52,360
And, again, just as with the dinosaurs, exactly at that date of 12,800 years ago, very recently, not 65 million years ago, but 12,800 years ago, you have that same layer in the soil containing the same impact proxies, containing the nanodiamonds, the trinitite, the melted quartz, and so on and so on and so forth.

447
00:39:52,800 --> 00:39:57,520
Definitive evidence of a cosmic impact, clearly dated to 12,800 years ago.

448
00:39:57,520 --> 00:39:59,260
I'm not expecting you to read these papers.

449
00:39:59,880 --> 00:40:04,460
I'm just putting them there to say we are dealing with absolutely mainstream peer-reviewed science.

450
00:40:04,980 --> 00:40:07,680
This is the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

451
00:40:07,880 --> 00:40:19,460
It's their first paper, 9th of October, 2007, evidence for an extraterrestrial impact 12,900 years ago that contributed to the megafaunal extinctions and younger dry ass cooling.

452
00:40:19,460 --> 00:40:26,260
Then, from 2009, shock synthesized hexagonal diamonds in younger dry ass boundary sediments.

453
00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:41,860
Here we have evidence from Mexico, evidence from the Greenland ice cores, evidence for deposition of 10 million tons of impact variables across four continents 12,800 years ago.

454
00:40:41,860 --> 00:40:49,040
As the years have gone by, they've refined the date from 12,900 to 12,800 years ago.

455
00:40:49,900 --> 00:41:00,760
Journal of Geology, 5th of September, 2014, nanodiamond-rich layer across three continents consistent with major cosmic impact 12,800 years before the present.

456
00:41:00,760 --> 00:41:08,540
And this paper, July 2015, is a statistical analysis of all the sites from which evidence has been gathered.

457
00:41:09,220 --> 00:41:14,000
Is it possible that the evidence was laid down gradually, perhaps over hundreds of years?

458
00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:24,640
What they've established is that all of this evidence, all of these impacts, the whole cataclysm of the Younger Dryas, unfolded in a single terrible day and night.

459
00:41:24,860 --> 00:41:29,440
It was a 24-hour event that changed the world completely.

460
00:41:29,440 --> 00:41:34,860
Now, the primary impacts were on the North American ice cap.

461
00:41:35,540 --> 00:41:44,780
And if I had time, I would show you the devastation of the greatest flood that ever occurred on Earth in the channeled scab lands and other areas of the Pacific Northwest.

462
00:41:44,940 --> 00:41:47,220
But we don't have time to go into that here.

463
00:41:47,860 --> 00:41:53,120
The fact that the impacts were on ice has made it quite difficult to find craters.

464
00:41:53,120 --> 00:41:58,840
And the team have been subjected to the same attacks that the dinosaur team were.

465
00:41:58,920 --> 00:42:04,980
But just in the last two years, just beyond the edges of the former ice cap, significant craters have been found.

466
00:42:05,060 --> 00:42:10,480
The Corosol crater, the Bloody Creek structure, the Charity Shoal feature, and the Quebeckia terrain.

467
00:42:11,020 --> 00:42:15,720
So really, just as was the case with the dinosaurs, this should be a settled case now.

468
00:42:16,460 --> 00:42:22,440
That 12,800 years ago, multiple fragments of a giant comet impacted the Earth.

469
00:42:22,440 --> 00:42:28,520
Impacts were concentrated on the North American ice cap, but the resulting climate disaster was worldwide.

470
00:42:28,620 --> 00:42:42,900
What I want you to keep in mind is that that comet that caused those impacts 12,800 years ago is the source comet of the torrid meteor stream through which we are still passing twice a year.

471
00:42:43,620 --> 00:42:46,380
We are intimately connected with it even today.

472
00:42:46,660 --> 00:42:49,940
Why did the world get cold 12,800 years ago?

473
00:42:49,940 --> 00:42:55,240
Because those impacts on the North American ice cap sent a flood of icy water into the world ocean.

474
00:42:56,020 --> 00:42:57,340
It cut the Gulf Stream.

475
00:42:57,640 --> 00:42:59,840
It stopped the Gulf Stream dead in its tracks.

476
00:43:00,420 --> 00:43:05,420
And the Gulf Stream is part of the global meridional overturning circulation of our planet.

477
00:43:05,840 --> 00:43:07,840
It's the central heating system of our planet.

478
00:43:07,840 --> 00:43:13,220
And that's why temperatures plunged 12,800 years ago.

479
00:43:13,300 --> 00:43:19,680
But what happened 11,600 years ago to end the Younger Dryas so abruptly?

480
00:43:21,360 --> 00:43:29,180
Back as early as the 1980s, Sir Fred Hoyle, professor of astronomy at Cambridge University, was already fascinated by the Younger Dryas.

481
00:43:29,180 --> 00:43:37,360
And particularly by the sudden rise in temperatures 11,600 years ago, which was accompanied by a humongous global flood.

482
00:43:38,100 --> 00:43:41,960
And what he suggested could have caused it was a comet impact in an ocean.

483
00:43:42,760 --> 00:43:45,380
A comet impact in an ocean would cause that flooding.

484
00:43:45,380 --> 00:43:54,900
And it would send a huge cloud of water vapor into the upper atmosphere, creating a greenhouse effect that would account for the radical warming of the planet.

485
00:43:55,000 --> 00:43:55,800
Now, that's a theory.

486
00:43:56,260 --> 00:44:01,800
The science on the end of the Younger Dryas isn't as good as the science on the beginning of the Younger Dryas.

487
00:44:01,800 --> 00:44:10,160
But here, we have Bill Napier, one of those astronomers, who's now joining the dots between the work of the geologists and the work of the astronomers.

488
00:44:10,280 --> 00:44:18,600
And what he's pointing out is that that comet, which forms the Taurid Meteor Stream, has actually been having impacts with the Earth over thousands and thousands of years.

489
00:44:18,860 --> 00:44:26,340
And that it's very possible that the events of 11,600 years ago were caused by a second series of impacts from that comet.

490
00:44:26,960 --> 00:44:28,880
As I say, the science isn't complete.

491
00:44:28,880 --> 00:44:32,620
We don't know for sure what caused the end of the Younger Dryas.

492
00:44:32,740 --> 00:44:34,720
Maybe solar flares were involved as well.

493
00:44:35,140 --> 00:44:43,940
But whatever the agency, what's sure is that the Younger Dryas did end abruptly 11,600 years ago.

494
00:44:44,060 --> 00:44:49,500
Global temperatures soared and the remaining ice caps very rapidly collapsed into the sea.

495
00:44:49,920 --> 00:44:57,780
This caused a dramatic pulse of sea level rise, which is nominated by geologists as Meltwater Pulse 1B.

496
00:44:57,780 --> 00:45:01,580
It takes place 11,600 years ago.

497
00:45:01,980 --> 00:45:19,240
Weirdly, Meltwater Pulse 1B, rapid global sea level rise at 11,600 years ago, coincides exactly with the date that Plato gives us for the submergence and destruction of the lost civilization of Atlantis.

498
00:45:19,240 --> 00:45:28,780
Plato tells us of Atlantis that it was formerly a beautiful and generous culture dedicated to the nurture of spirit.

499
00:45:29,440 --> 00:45:35,600
But he reports that Atlantis became arrogant and cruel and materialistic.

500
00:45:35,600 --> 00:45:42,680
And in a ringing phrase, it ceased to carry its prosperity with moderation.

501
00:45:43,800 --> 00:45:54,100
And Plato suggests that it was that hubris, that arrogance of Atlantis that led the universe to slap it down with the nemesis of the flood.

502
00:45:54,100 --> 00:46:07,020
And he tells us that Atlantis at its peak had advanced architecture, advanced agriculture, advanced navigational shipbuilding and seagoing skills, and advanced social and political organization.

503
00:46:07,160 --> 00:46:09,940
And yet it was all wiped away, destroyed utterly.

504
00:46:09,940 --> 00:46:17,280
Unfortunately, we learned that in a single dreadful day and night, Atlantis was swallowed up by the sea and vanished.

505
00:46:17,400 --> 00:46:24,940
And Plato tells us that mankind had to begin again like children, with no memory of what went before.

506
00:46:24,940 --> 00:46:28,080
Now, let's drill into that date.

507
00:46:28,900 --> 00:46:33,680
Plato got the story from his ancestor Solon, the famous Greek lawmaker.

508
00:46:34,060 --> 00:46:40,680
And Solon made a well-known visit to Egypt around the year 600 BC.

509
00:46:41,740 --> 00:46:47,820
And in that Egypt, he encountered priests at the temple of Neith at Sais in the delta, which no longer stands.

510
00:46:48,300 --> 00:46:54,100
And he claimed that they told him the story of Atlantis, of this great civilization that had been destroyed.

511
00:46:54,100 --> 00:47:02,900
And when Solon asked the priests, when was Atlantis swallowed up by the sea and vanished, they said 9,000 years ago.

512
00:47:03,260 --> 00:47:04,900
That was in 600 BC.

513
00:47:05,580 --> 00:47:13,360
Therefore, Plato is telling us that Atlantis was swallowed up in 9,600 BC, in our calendar, 11,600 years ago.

514
00:47:13,360 --> 00:47:24,180
So, if, as the critics claim, Plato made the whole thing up, you know, anybody who even speaks of Plato is called a fraud or an Atlantologist these days.

515
00:47:24,260 --> 00:47:32,260
If Plato made the whole thing up, he was astonishingly on the money with the latest scientific information of a truly cataclysmic global flood.

516
00:47:32,260 --> 00:47:39,100
Many Egyptologists will tell you that the word Atlantis never appears in any ancient Egyptian text.

517
00:47:39,220 --> 00:47:39,880
And that's true.

518
00:47:40,760 --> 00:47:45,600
There is no reference to a place called Atlantis in any Egyptian text.

519
00:47:46,180 --> 00:47:52,620
But is there a reference to a sacred island of the gods, which was destroyed in a flood cataclysm?

520
00:47:53,340 --> 00:47:54,380
Yes, absolutely.

521
00:47:54,380 --> 00:47:59,980
And it's carved on the walls of the temple of Horus at Edfu in Upper Egypt.

522
00:48:00,300 --> 00:48:02,240
This temple is not a very old temple.

523
00:48:02,780 --> 00:48:05,340
It's about 300 BC.

524
00:48:05,700 --> 00:48:06,880
It's a Ptolemaic temple.

525
00:48:07,320 --> 00:48:13,360
But it stands on top of earlier temples, which can be traced right back into the pre-dynastic period.

526
00:48:13,960 --> 00:48:18,120
And it inherited the archives of those earlier temples.

527
00:48:18,120 --> 00:48:26,080
And amongst the archives, written on animal skins, we are told, was a huge body of texts that the priests wished to preserve.

528
00:48:26,480 --> 00:48:28,700
But they were falling apart, those animal skins.

529
00:48:28,820 --> 00:48:36,200
So what they did was they took extracts from them and they carved them into the walls of this newly built temple built in around 300 BC.

530
00:48:36,660 --> 00:48:39,140
And they are called the Edfu building texts.

531
00:48:39,680 --> 00:48:44,840
And they are found primarily between the inner and outer enclosure walls of the temple.

532
00:48:44,840 --> 00:48:49,420
And this is what the Edfu building texts look like.

533
00:48:49,520 --> 00:48:52,640
But it's the story they tell that is really fascinating.

534
00:48:53,280 --> 00:49:00,560
Because what they speak of is a homeland of the primeval ones, which was an island.

535
00:49:01,000 --> 00:49:03,180
And it was destroyed in a great flood.

536
00:49:03,720 --> 00:49:13,620
And they tell how the primeval ones, the gods, the survivors of this cataclysm, came to Egypt and established religion by building primeval mounds up and down the land.

537
00:49:13,620 --> 00:49:22,640
And in a sense, they were setting out a cosmic blueprint in Egypt that would be followed by all later civilizations in Egypt in the creation of pyramids and temples.

538
00:49:22,640 --> 00:49:31,640
And we hear that the island of the gods is split, destroyed, and sinks beneath the waves.

539
00:49:32,820 --> 00:49:34,120
But there were survivors.

540
00:49:34,360 --> 00:49:35,880
The Edfu texts speak of survivors.

541
00:49:36,320 --> 00:49:39,080
And they say that afterwards they wandered the world.

542
00:49:39,080 --> 00:49:49,860
And their purpose was to reconstitute, if you like, to reincarnate, to bring back to life the former world of the gods, the civilization of the former times.

543
00:49:50,580 --> 00:49:54,800
And it was a project that was pursued not only in Egypt, but in many other lands.

544
00:49:54,800 --> 00:50:09,760
One of those lands, I believe, is the land we call Turkey today, where sits an extraordinary megalithic site called Gobekli Tepe, which is, wait for it, 11,600 years old.

545
00:50:11,260 --> 00:50:13,540
Here's what Gobekli Tepe looks like.

546
00:50:13,880 --> 00:50:16,360
This is a view of just a small area of the site.

547
00:50:16,360 --> 00:50:21,960
You're dealing with T-shaped megaliths, which typically weigh about 20 tons each.

548
00:50:22,780 --> 00:50:25,060
And they're arranged in these circles.

549
00:50:26,680 --> 00:50:31,120
And the dating is absolutely definitive.

550
00:50:31,300 --> 00:50:32,720
And I'll explain why in a moment.

551
00:50:33,620 --> 00:50:35,960
We're dealing with an 11,600-year-old site.

552
00:50:36,060 --> 00:50:38,140
Looks a bit like Stonehenge.

553
00:50:38,800 --> 00:50:43,100
But, you know, Stonehenge is 4,600 years old.

554
00:50:43,100 --> 00:50:47,920
This site is 7,000 years older than Stonehenge.

555
00:50:49,040 --> 00:51:04,380
When we look at a site like Stonehenge, we're looking at an agricultural community that lived around it, that was generating surpluses, that could afford to train specialists, architects, engineers, astronomers, to work full-time on that.

556
00:51:05,100 --> 00:51:10,000
At Gobekli Tepe, 11,600 years ago, the local population were entirely hunter-gatherers.

557
00:51:10,440 --> 00:51:11,340
They had no background.

558
00:51:11,340 --> 00:51:15,660
Now, this site comes literally out of nowhere, with no background.

559
00:51:15,820 --> 00:51:19,720
And logic suggests that you don't learn to do stuff like this overnight.

560
00:51:20,300 --> 00:51:21,760
You have to practice it.

561
00:51:22,700 --> 00:51:36,360
So, the date that is now being given, this is a quote from archaeologists, for the invention of megalithic architecture and agriculture at Gobekli Tepe is 11,600 years ago.

562
00:51:36,360 --> 00:51:45,420
Archaeologists are saying that these guys woke up one morning and they invented megalithic architecture and they invented agriculture at the same time.

563
00:51:45,680 --> 00:51:46,580
This is the quarry.

564
00:51:46,880 --> 00:51:51,680
This T-shaped megalith was left in place because a fault was found in it.

565
00:51:52,240 --> 00:51:54,640
Generally, the scale of the place is more human.

566
00:51:54,640 --> 00:52:00,120
Again, you do find smaller megaliths, often richly carved with animal figures.

567
00:52:00,640 --> 00:52:02,220
This one is particularly intriguing.

568
00:52:02,380 --> 00:52:04,860
I go into it at length in Magicians of the Gods.

569
00:52:04,860 --> 00:52:11,000
And here I am with Klaus Schmidt, the professor who excavated the site.

570
00:52:11,180 --> 00:52:14,620
This photograph was taken in September 2013.

571
00:52:15,100 --> 00:52:19,280
Unfortunately, Klaus Schmidt passed away the next year in 2014.

572
00:52:19,280 --> 00:52:30,000
But, you know, normally when I turn up at archaeological sites, the archaeologists act rather as one would react to be confronted by a vampire or a zombie.

573
00:52:31,000 --> 00:52:33,520
In other words, they make the sign of the cross and run.

574
00:52:34,500 --> 00:52:35,920
But Klaus Schmidt didn't do that.

575
00:52:36,000 --> 00:52:37,080
He was very kind to me.

576
00:52:37,160 --> 00:52:38,440
He knew exactly who I was.

577
00:52:38,720 --> 00:52:44,000
And he gave me three days of his time to really show me around the site and initiate me into the site.

578
00:52:44,000 --> 00:52:53,320
He's pointing at the ground rather vehemently because he's telling me that under the ground is 50 times as much as they have already excavated.

579
00:52:53,760 --> 00:53:05,080
Hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of megalithic pillars, complete intact circles underground, all mapped with ground penetrating radar, but not yet excavated.

580
00:53:05,460 --> 00:53:08,520
Second thing he's telling me is this isn't sediment.

581
00:53:09,600 --> 00:53:11,020
This is not natural sediment.

582
00:53:11,020 --> 00:53:16,500
This site was used for a thousand years and then it was deliberately buried.

583
00:53:17,480 --> 00:53:22,240
Teams of people, hundreds of people with buckets filled with rocks and soil.

584
00:53:22,440 --> 00:53:29,760
They came and they filled up all of the enclosures until they'd covered them to the very tops of those 20 feet tall megaliths.

585
00:53:30,120 --> 00:53:34,520
And then they carried on and they created a hill over the top of the whole thing.

586
00:53:34,880 --> 00:53:36,460
And that's what Gobekli Tepe means.

587
00:53:36,540 --> 00:53:38,440
It means pot-bellied hill.

588
00:53:38,440 --> 00:53:43,600
And until Klaus Schmidt found the site in 1995, nobody knew it was there.

589
00:53:43,960 --> 00:53:49,140
For more than 10,000 years after they buried it, no human being ever saw it again.

590
00:53:49,360 --> 00:53:51,180
It's intact, untouched.

591
00:53:51,620 --> 00:53:53,180
And that's why we can be sure of the date.

592
00:53:53,900 --> 00:53:55,700
You see, you can't carbon date stone.

593
00:53:56,580 --> 00:53:57,120
You can't.

594
00:53:57,480 --> 00:54:01,120
You need organic material, which is associated with the stone.

595
00:54:01,120 --> 00:54:08,260
The association must be very good for you to conclude that the stone is of the same date piece of charcoal you're dating.

596
00:54:08,980 --> 00:54:15,940
With this deliberate burial, sealing the site, preventing the intrusion of later cultures, those conditions are met.

597
00:54:16,400 --> 00:54:20,660
That's why we can be sure that Gobekli Tepe is 11,600 years old.

598
00:54:20,660 --> 00:54:39,560
So rather than a sudden, mysteriously precocious invention 7,000 years ahead of its time, this looks to me more like a transfer of technology from the survivors of a lost civilization who already knew how to work megaliths on a grand scale and who already fully understood agriculture.

599
00:54:39,560 --> 00:54:44,100
Because this is the moment that agriculture suddenly appears in that region of Turkey.

600
00:54:45,360 --> 00:54:46,740
And Gobekli Tepe is not alone.

601
00:54:46,960 --> 00:54:55,260
Here's another unexcavated Gobekli Tepe at Karahan Tepe, 50 miles away, where the T-shaped pillars are just sticking up out the back of a farmer's backyard.

602
00:54:56,500 --> 00:54:58,960
God knows what's under the ground in this part of Turkey.

603
00:54:59,320 --> 00:55:02,380
And it's desperately, urgently in need of excavation.

604
00:55:03,220 --> 00:55:08,000
Bear in mind that Gobekli Tepe is part of the Mesopotamian region.

605
00:55:08,000 --> 00:55:14,200
Here we come down to Sumer and Ur and the Kad and Babylon, the whole of the Mesopotamian region.

606
00:55:14,280 --> 00:55:23,300
Here's Gobekli Tepe sitting up between the headwaters of the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers, near a very mysterious ancient city called Haran.

607
00:55:23,300 --> 00:55:38,420
And, of course, in Mesopotamia, we have these traditions of the seven sages, the seven apkalu, the seven magicians who bring civilization to Mesopotamia.

608
00:55:38,420 --> 00:55:43,360
And they carry these cute little man bags that you can see here.

609
00:55:44,060 --> 00:55:44,520
There's one.

610
00:55:44,600 --> 00:55:47,260
There's a three-dimensional version of the man bag.

611
00:55:48,140 --> 00:55:54,180
And the interesting thing is that the same man bag turns up in Mexico as well.

612
00:55:54,180 --> 00:56:06,400
Here in the hands of the oldest representation of Quetzalcoatl, the feathered serpent, also a civilization bringer to Mexico, he's holding the same bag in the same way.

613
00:56:06,520 --> 00:56:10,580
Is that a coincidence or is something weird going on behind the scenes of history?

614
00:56:10,580 --> 00:56:19,720
And then if we go to Gobekli Tepe on top of Pillar 43 in Enclosure D, well, lo and behold, the same bags appear again.

615
00:56:20,460 --> 00:56:24,020
Only there we know they're 11,600 years old.

616
00:56:25,760 --> 00:56:31,640
The city of Haran near Gobekli Tepe is an intriguing place.

617
00:56:31,720 --> 00:56:33,100
Nothing much left of it today.

618
00:56:34,240 --> 00:56:38,800
There was a fascinating ancient people called the Sabians who lived in Haran.

619
00:56:38,800 --> 00:56:50,100
And they actually managed to persuade the Muslims during the expansive phase of Islam to allow them to continue with what the Muslims regarded as a pagan religion.

620
00:56:50,540 --> 00:56:51,820
They worshipped the stars.

621
00:56:51,940 --> 00:56:52,860
They worshipped the heavens.

622
00:56:53,300 --> 00:57:02,640
But they were allowed to continue with their religion until about the 12th century AD, 13th century, when the Temple of the Moon at Haran was destroyed by Islam.

623
00:57:02,860 --> 00:57:05,480
And this mosque was put there, which itself has fallen down.

624
00:57:05,480 --> 00:57:15,280
But interestingly, the surviving minaret of the mosque to this day is called the Astronomical Tower, as though tracing back some memory of the Moon Temple at Haran.

625
00:57:15,480 --> 00:57:19,060
The symbol of the Moon Temple at Haran was the crescent moon and disk.

626
00:57:19,400 --> 00:57:23,300
We find the same symbol on the pillars at Gobekli Tepe.

627
00:57:23,300 --> 00:57:33,800
Now, let me just read this to you, because this is from one of the so-called pagan philosophers, mathematicians, and astronomers of Haran, Thabit ibn Khura.

628
00:57:33,800 --> 00:57:40,120
Who else have civilized the world and built the cities, if not the nobles and kings of paganism?

629
00:57:40,780 --> 00:57:42,940
Who else have set in order the harbors and rivers?

630
00:57:43,280 --> 00:57:45,340
And who else have taught the hidden wisdom?

631
00:57:45,760 --> 00:57:53,260
To whom else has the deity revealed itself, given oracles, and told about the future, if not the famous man amongst the pagans?

632
00:57:53,720 --> 00:57:55,980
The pagans have made known all this.

633
00:57:56,440 --> 00:57:58,580
They have discovered the art of healing the soul.

634
00:57:58,580 --> 00:58:01,420
They have also made known the art of healing the body.

635
00:58:01,920 --> 00:58:06,640
They have filled the earth with settled forms of government and with wisdom, which is the highest good.

636
00:58:07,060 --> 00:58:11,080
Without paganism, the world would be empty and miserable.

637
00:58:12,120 --> 00:58:17,840
The paganism of the Sabians of Haran involved mathematics.

638
00:58:18,300 --> 00:58:19,300
It involved geometry.

639
00:58:19,680 --> 00:58:21,080
It involved trigonometry.

640
00:58:21,260 --> 00:58:22,420
It involved earth measuring.

641
00:58:22,560 --> 00:58:24,280
It involved measuring the heavens.

642
00:58:24,280 --> 00:58:44,580
And interestingly enough, thanks to the Arab geographer Yaakut al-Hamawi, we know that until the 12th century of our era, the Sabians were making annual pilgrimages to the pyramids of Giza.

643
00:58:44,580 --> 00:58:57,500
And Salim Hassan, the Egyptologist who looked into this, even wonders if the name Sabian came from the ancient Egyptian word for star, which was Sabah, if it came from that.

644
00:58:57,500 --> 00:59:07,040
And that they somehow knew that the pyramids were astronomical monuments, and that they made pilgrimages there until the 12th century.

645
00:59:07,860 --> 00:59:15,680
But they fully recognized the pyramids as being monuments connected with the stellar cult and revered them as places of pilgrimage.

646
00:59:15,680 --> 00:59:23,960
Now, remember, I told you about procession and how that's used to give us a scale model of the earth in the Giza Plateau.

647
00:59:25,680 --> 00:59:31,180
Within the Great Pyramid, we have a structure called the King's Chamber, a great place for meditation.

648
00:59:31,620 --> 00:59:38,160
Although I have to tell you, these days, the Egyptian authorities, in their wisdom, have banned meditation in the Great Pyramid.

649
00:59:39,440 --> 00:59:42,620
You make anything like a chant in there, you'll be out on your ear.

650
00:59:43,560 --> 00:59:45,040
Bare feet, not allowed.

651
00:59:45,040 --> 00:59:46,080
Anymore.

652
00:59:46,840 --> 00:59:49,440
Anyway, the King's Chamber used to be a great place for meditation.

653
00:59:50,700 --> 00:59:56,160
Inside the King's Chamber is a 3-4-5 right triangle.

654
00:59:56,900 --> 01:00:00,600
These right triangles are incredibly useful in trigonometry and geometry.

655
01:00:01,640 --> 01:00:11,360
And you have a 90 degree angle in a 3-4-5 right triangle, and then the two other angles are 53.13 and 36.87 degrees is the acute angle.

656
01:00:11,360 --> 01:00:18,620
That's 3-4-5 right triangle inside the King's Pyramid is formed here in this way.

657
01:00:19,620 --> 01:00:19,980
Okay?

658
01:00:20,140 --> 01:00:29,760
And I'm not going to go into all the mathematics, but basically it also prints out redundantly a number based on the number 72, built from precession of the Equidoxes.

659
01:00:29,760 --> 01:00:34,360
Now, here's the fascinating thing about Haran.

660
01:00:34,360 --> 01:00:42,440
Haran, thanks to the astronomer J.Q. Jacobs, he noticed what nobody else had noticed, that Haran stands on a non-random latitude.

661
01:00:43,020 --> 01:00:49,860
It stands on latitude 36.87 degrees north, and that is the acute angle in a right triangle.

662
01:00:49,860 --> 01:00:55,180
And the peoples of Haran used right triangles in their trigonometry and earth measuring.

663
01:00:56,120 --> 01:00:57,240
So there you get it.

664
01:00:57,300 --> 01:01:04,200
There's Haran at 36.87 degrees north, set by this right triangle.

665
01:01:05,500 --> 01:01:08,120
And something else, really intriguing.

666
01:01:08,260 --> 01:01:09,540
We know that Haran is there.

667
01:01:09,960 --> 01:01:15,300
We know that it's on a significant latitude, deliberately chosen because it's the acute angle in a right triangle.

668
01:01:15,300 --> 01:01:24,720
It turns out that Gobekli Tepe is exactly one one-thousandth of the earth's circumference north of Haran.

669
01:01:25,400 --> 01:01:36,140
And the only conclusion we can come to, because Gobekli Tepe is older, is that ancient astronomy just took a leap back to 12,000 years ago.

670
01:01:36,340 --> 01:01:43,740
As a matter of fact, Gobekli Tepe contains the world's oldest, perfectly aligned north-south structure, which you can only do with astronomy.

671
01:01:43,740 --> 01:01:49,180
Gobekli Tepe is forcing us to leap back into the remote past 12,000 years ago or more.

672
01:01:49,700 --> 01:01:59,480
And again, if we look at Gobekli Tepe, until the discovery of Gobekli Tepe, this submerged site in Sicily would have made no sense to archaeologists,

673
01:01:59,600 --> 01:02:06,200
because it's been covered by the ocean for 9,300 years, and there weren't supposed to be any megaliths that old.

674
01:02:06,420 --> 01:02:09,860
But now with Gobekli Tepe, we're beginning to see a context for this.

675
01:02:09,860 --> 01:02:14,320
We're beginning to see that this goes much further back into the human story.

676
01:02:15,160 --> 01:02:19,140
And maybe many megalithic sites that we do know have been misdated.

677
01:02:19,580 --> 01:02:27,700
For example, the T-shaped megaliths of Menorca in the Mediterranean are thought to be 4,000 years old,

678
01:02:27,780 --> 01:02:31,040
but that's based on very random carbon dating.

679
01:02:31,420 --> 01:02:35,720
The site has been exposed to the intrusion of later cultures for very long periods of time.

680
01:02:35,720 --> 01:02:39,140
And maybe this site is actually much older than it's been given.

681
01:02:39,260 --> 01:02:42,100
Maybe we have falsely young carbon dating from there.

682
01:02:42,300 --> 01:02:44,880
And then if you look at the general appearance of Gobekli Tepe,

683
01:02:45,280 --> 01:02:49,480
it's really very similar to the incredible megalithic temples of Malta,

684
01:02:49,780 --> 01:02:52,720
which are thought to be about 5,000 years old.

685
01:02:52,860 --> 01:02:58,540
Again, those Maltese temples have been subjected to the intrusion of later organic materials.

686
01:02:58,540 --> 01:03:02,700
I think we're going to have to consider the age of all megalithic sites again.

687
01:03:03,160 --> 01:03:06,560
I think Gobekli Tepe means nothing can be taken for granted.

688
01:03:08,060 --> 01:03:10,740
And then if we go to Tiwanaku in Bolivia,

689
01:03:11,160 --> 01:03:15,360
it's curious that this H motif, we see it as the letter H,

690
01:03:15,880 --> 01:03:18,980
which appears again and again at Gobekli Tepe,

691
01:03:19,500 --> 01:03:23,340
also appears carved in stone at Tiwanaku,

692
01:03:23,740 --> 01:03:27,100
that same H shape, whatever it meant to them,

693
01:03:27,100 --> 01:03:28,680
literally on the other side of the world.

694
01:03:29,320 --> 01:03:32,860
Now, we're looking down on Tiwanaku.

695
01:03:33,120 --> 01:03:38,800
Tiwanaku, by the way, stands at 14,000 feet above sea level.

696
01:03:39,640 --> 01:03:43,580
The little aircraft flown by a mad German that we were in

697
01:03:43,580 --> 01:03:45,580
was 4,000 feet above Tiwanaku.

698
01:03:46,040 --> 01:03:47,340
We did not have oxygen,

699
01:03:47,520 --> 01:03:49,800
and Santa needed to get the windows open to take the shots.

700
01:03:50,000 --> 01:03:52,480
So it was quite an ordeal, I have to tell you.

701
01:03:53,180 --> 01:03:55,760
We're looking down on the Calasasia here,

702
01:03:55,760 --> 01:03:58,040
this huge rectangular structure,

703
01:03:58,040 --> 01:04:00,620
and next to it, the Akapana Pyramid,

704
01:04:00,680 --> 01:04:02,800
very ruined by treasure hunters.

705
01:04:02,900 --> 01:04:05,960
The Akapana Pyramid here, and the Calasasia here.

706
01:04:06,340 --> 01:04:07,780
And in front of the Calasasia,

707
01:04:07,900 --> 01:04:10,940
this is called the semi-subterranean temple,

708
01:04:11,280 --> 01:04:11,840
this one here,

709
01:04:11,880 --> 01:04:13,880
and it's got an interesting pillar in it.

710
01:04:14,680 --> 01:04:16,820
Now, if we look at the Calasasia,

711
01:04:17,240 --> 01:04:20,080
we find that it actually is a two-stage construction.

712
01:04:20,080 --> 01:04:23,100
There are megaliths running all the way around it.

713
01:04:23,980 --> 01:04:26,820
You can see a view here from the edge.

714
01:04:26,940 --> 01:04:29,760
There are these megaliths run all the way around the Calasasia.

715
01:04:31,240 --> 01:04:32,640
They're the oldest part.

716
01:04:33,440 --> 01:04:34,240
And the other part,

717
01:04:34,320 --> 01:04:36,000
these walls connecting the megaliths,

718
01:04:36,100 --> 01:04:36,540
are younger.

719
01:04:37,580 --> 01:04:40,360
There's a great controversy over the age of Tiwanaku.

720
01:04:41,500 --> 01:04:45,740
Some of us believe that it goes back to 12,000 years ago or more.

721
01:04:46,260 --> 01:04:50,140
Mainstream archaeology thinks that Tiwanaku is about 2,000 years old.

722
01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:52,460
So let's look at this site again.

723
01:04:52,560 --> 01:04:53,640
There's the Calasasia.

724
01:04:54,220 --> 01:04:56,200
And this object in the corner over there,

725
01:04:56,540 --> 01:04:57,400
this little object,

726
01:04:57,520 --> 01:04:59,320
that's the gateway of the sun.

727
01:05:00,160 --> 01:05:00,400
Okay?

728
01:05:00,640 --> 01:05:03,220
So let's go take a look at the gateway of the sun.

729
01:05:04,180 --> 01:05:06,180
You can see how it plays with the light,

730
01:05:06,660 --> 01:05:09,240
how it plays with the sun at Tiwanaku.

731
01:05:09,240 --> 01:05:09,340
So.

732
01:05:15,740 --> 01:05:18,820
Having trouble changing the slides.

733
01:05:19,820 --> 01:05:21,380
So the gateway of the sun.

734
01:05:21,700 --> 01:05:23,460
And here's the point very quickly.

735
01:05:24,300 --> 01:05:27,440
The axis of the earth is another motion of the earth.

736
01:05:27,900 --> 01:05:29,060
The obliquity shifts.

737
01:05:29,840 --> 01:05:32,700
And when we take obliquity calculations into account,

738
01:05:33,060 --> 01:05:36,060
we can see that Tiwanaku was originally laid out

739
01:05:36,060 --> 01:05:39,560
to mark the solstices 12,000 years ago.

740
01:05:40,880 --> 01:05:41,960
And something else.

741
01:05:41,960 --> 01:05:43,800
In that semi-subterranean chamber,

742
01:05:44,500 --> 01:05:45,920
that semi-subterranean temple,

743
01:05:46,320 --> 01:05:47,360
there's a megalith.

744
01:05:48,140 --> 01:05:48,980
Here it is there.

745
01:05:49,140 --> 01:05:52,380
And it has a serpent carved up the side

746
01:05:52,380 --> 01:05:54,340
and a curious little animal figure there

747
01:05:54,340 --> 01:05:56,380
on the side of the head.

748
01:05:57,100 --> 01:06:00,140
And then the figure of a bearded man at the front.

749
01:06:00,680 --> 01:06:03,200
Quite a prominent bearded figure

750
01:06:03,200 --> 01:06:05,880
with a sort of chin-strap beard and mustachios there.

751
01:06:07,000 --> 01:06:10,160
And this is an image of the civilizing hero of the Andes,

752
01:06:10,160 --> 01:06:13,020
Vera Kocha, who came in the time of darkness

753
01:06:13,020 --> 01:06:16,220
after a great flood, bringing the gifts of civilization.

754
01:06:16,920 --> 01:06:17,900
When did he come?

755
01:06:18,240 --> 01:06:19,980
Archaeologists say that this is all a myth

756
01:06:19,980 --> 01:06:22,080
and that Tiwanaku is just 2,000 years old.

757
01:06:22,520 --> 01:06:24,780
But that little animal up on the side there,

758
01:06:24,860 --> 01:06:26,000
we've turned it on its side.

759
01:06:26,060 --> 01:06:27,960
And if you look at it, there it is.

760
01:06:28,740 --> 01:06:30,280
And we've highlighted it here.

761
01:06:31,040 --> 01:06:32,420
And actually, it doesn't represent

762
01:06:32,420 --> 01:06:34,920
any known species of animal in the Andes.

763
01:06:35,480 --> 01:06:37,860
But it did 12,000 years ago.

764
01:06:37,860 --> 01:06:39,800
It looks exactly like Toxodon,

765
01:06:40,180 --> 01:06:43,320
which went extinct in the cataclysm of the Younger Dryas

766
01:06:43,320 --> 01:06:44,980
about 12,000 years ago.

767
01:06:45,140 --> 01:06:49,000
Is it possible that this is indeed a 12,000-year-old pillar?

768
01:06:49,760 --> 01:06:52,820
And then Vera Kocha, we're told in the myths

769
01:06:52,820 --> 01:06:55,980
that he takes his leave from the Andes

770
01:06:55,980 --> 01:06:59,500
and he walks on the waters of the Pacific Ocean.

771
01:07:00,180 --> 01:07:02,720
And interestingly enough, off the coast of Ecuador,

772
01:07:02,920 --> 01:07:04,600
where he's said to have walked on the waters,

773
01:07:04,600 --> 01:07:06,660
at a depth of 6,000 feet,

774
01:07:06,760 --> 01:07:08,940
have been found man-made pillars on the ground,

775
01:07:09,020 --> 01:07:10,360
on the seabed.

776
01:07:10,400 --> 01:07:12,820
This was a discovery in the 1960s.

777
01:07:12,920 --> 01:07:14,760
It's never been followed up.

778
01:07:15,960 --> 01:07:18,720
What lies to the west of the coast of South America

779
01:07:18,720 --> 01:07:19,960
is Easter Island,

780
01:07:20,600 --> 01:07:25,020
with its famous Moai statues.

781
01:07:26,700 --> 01:07:28,280
Mainstream archaeology will tell you

782
01:07:28,280 --> 01:07:31,080
that those statues are 700 or 800 years old.

783
01:07:31,080 --> 01:07:34,260
What do they base that on?

784
01:07:34,900 --> 01:07:36,920
We can't date the stone directly.

785
01:07:37,060 --> 01:07:38,560
So how are they deriving those dates?

786
01:07:38,820 --> 01:07:40,580
They're deriving it from these platforms

787
01:07:40,580 --> 01:07:43,060
underneath the statues.

788
01:07:43,180 --> 01:07:44,620
They've pulled some organic material

789
01:07:44,620 --> 01:07:46,100
out of the platforms,

790
01:07:46,640 --> 01:07:48,800
and that's 700 or 800 years old,

791
01:07:48,860 --> 01:07:51,580
so they say the statues are 700 or 800 years old.

792
01:07:52,340 --> 01:07:53,680
But let's consider the possibility

793
01:07:53,680 --> 01:07:55,580
that the statues were re-erected

794
01:07:55,580 --> 01:07:58,360
by a later culture on their platforms.

795
01:07:58,360 --> 01:08:00,220
There's something strongly that supports that.

796
01:08:00,220 --> 01:08:02,640
If we go to the back of that platform,

797
01:08:02,900 --> 01:08:04,260
we can see in the platform

798
01:08:04,260 --> 01:08:05,960
an Easter Island head

799
01:08:05,960 --> 01:08:09,320
has been used as a construction block.

800
01:08:10,260 --> 01:08:12,240
That alone tells us that the platform

801
01:08:12,240 --> 01:08:13,780
is younger than the figures,

802
01:08:14,580 --> 01:08:17,780
and that we can't satisfactorily derive dates

803
01:08:17,780 --> 01:08:19,360
from organic material in the platform

804
01:08:19,360 --> 01:08:20,160
or the figures.

805
01:08:21,780 --> 01:08:23,820
And then in the Rano Raraku quarry,

806
01:08:24,340 --> 01:08:25,340
this amazing quarry,

807
01:08:25,340 --> 01:08:27,240
I mean, it's a surreal place

808
01:08:27,240 --> 01:08:29,700
to be there at dawn or dusk

809
01:08:29,700 --> 01:08:31,920
amongst these hundreds and hundreds

810
01:08:31,920 --> 01:08:33,760
of stone heads sticking out of the ground.

811
01:08:33,980 --> 01:08:35,900
It is spooky beyond belief.

812
01:08:37,700 --> 01:08:40,060
You might imagine that they just go down

813
01:08:40,060 --> 01:08:41,520
a foot or two under the ground,

814
01:08:41,520 --> 01:08:43,200
but that is not the case.

815
01:08:43,300 --> 01:08:45,480
And Thor Heydahl proved this in 1987

816
01:08:45,480 --> 01:08:47,380
with this excavation.

817
01:08:47,380 --> 01:08:50,880
This figure goes 30 feet under the ground.

818
01:08:51,760 --> 01:08:52,560
30 feet.

819
01:08:53,520 --> 01:08:53,660
Okay?

820
01:08:53,940 --> 01:08:54,900
And Robert Schock,

821
01:08:55,000 --> 01:08:56,760
professor of geology at Boston University,

822
01:08:57,240 --> 01:08:57,800
a great man,

823
01:08:57,860 --> 01:08:58,180
a colleague,

824
01:08:58,260 --> 01:08:58,960
a friend of mine,

825
01:08:59,440 --> 01:09:00,940
makes a very interesting point.

826
01:09:01,340 --> 01:09:04,600
You do not get 30 feet of sedimentation

827
01:09:04,600 --> 01:09:06,640
on a tiny island like Easter Island

828
01:09:06,640 --> 01:09:08,640
in just 700 years.

829
01:09:09,020 --> 01:09:10,880
It would take thousands of years

830
01:09:10,880 --> 01:09:12,940
to build up that sedimentation.

831
01:09:12,940 --> 01:09:14,780
And so the argument that these statues

832
01:09:14,780 --> 01:09:16,420
are much older than we've been told

833
01:09:16,420 --> 01:09:18,200
is really rather a strong one.

834
01:09:18,500 --> 01:09:20,320
There I am with Thor Heydahl himself

835
01:09:20,320 --> 01:09:22,200
back in June 2000.

836
01:09:22,400 --> 01:09:23,820
He passed away in 2002.

837
01:09:23,940 --> 01:09:24,540
A great man.

838
01:09:24,620 --> 01:09:25,720
I had the privilege of knowing him.

839
01:09:25,760 --> 01:09:27,580
A great believer in Atlantis

840
01:09:27,580 --> 01:09:30,040
and in the lost civilization hypothesis.

841
01:09:30,320 --> 01:09:31,780
I think if Thor Heydahl

842
01:09:31,780 --> 01:09:34,180
had known about Gobekli Tepe,

843
01:09:35,140 --> 01:09:36,980
he would have been into that site

844
01:09:36,980 --> 01:09:37,780
like a rocket

845
01:09:37,780 --> 01:09:40,200
because it ties in with everything.

846
01:09:40,760 --> 01:09:41,480
For example,

847
01:09:41,700 --> 01:09:43,280
he drew attention to the belts

848
01:09:43,280 --> 01:09:45,160
that the figures of Easter Island wear

849
01:09:45,160 --> 01:09:46,240
and the way the hands

850
01:09:46,240 --> 01:09:47,320
are placed across the belly.

851
01:09:47,620 --> 01:09:49,380
Well, you find exactly the same way

852
01:09:49,380 --> 01:09:50,260
that the hands are placed

853
01:09:50,260 --> 01:09:52,040
across the belly in Gobekli Tepe

854
01:09:52,040 --> 01:09:54,860
with the belt beneath it.

855
01:09:56,940 --> 01:09:58,100
And of course,

856
01:09:58,280 --> 01:09:59,520
the Easter Island heads

857
01:09:59,520 --> 01:10:01,060
are prominently bearded.

858
01:10:01,880 --> 01:10:02,420
I mean, these guys

859
01:10:02,420 --> 01:10:04,280
don't just have huge chins, you know.

860
01:10:04,340 --> 01:10:05,080
These are beards

861
01:10:05,080 --> 01:10:06,360
that they're wearing

862
01:10:06,360 --> 01:10:07,440
and in many cases

863
01:10:07,440 --> 01:10:09,000
they're demonstrated.

864
01:10:09,000 --> 01:10:11,260
And like that bearded figure

865
01:10:11,260 --> 01:10:12,300
of Viracocha.

866
01:10:12,500 --> 01:10:13,880
And the tradition is

867
01:10:13,880 --> 01:10:14,620
that civilization

868
01:10:14,620 --> 01:10:16,300
was brought to Easter Island

869
01:10:16,300 --> 01:10:18,100
in remote antiquity

870
01:10:18,100 --> 01:10:20,540
by seven initiated men

871
01:10:20,540 --> 01:10:21,820
who came on ships

872
01:10:21,820 --> 01:10:23,040
and who established

873
01:10:23,040 --> 01:10:24,480
and laid out

874
01:10:24,480 --> 01:10:26,500
the island's future sacred landscape.

875
01:10:27,180 --> 01:10:28,440
And that reminds us surely

876
01:10:28,440 --> 01:10:29,500
of the seven sages

877
01:10:29,500 --> 01:10:31,380
of Mesopotamia,

878
01:10:31,720 --> 01:10:34,040
the seven rishis of India,

879
01:10:34,180 --> 01:10:34,880
the seven sages

880
01:10:34,880 --> 01:10:36,740
of the Edfu building texts as well,

881
01:10:37,240 --> 01:10:38,060
again and again.

882
01:10:39,000 --> 01:10:39,960
Quetzalcoatl,

883
01:10:40,360 --> 01:10:41,200
the feathered serpent

884
01:10:41,200 --> 01:10:43,280
holding that same man bag.

885
01:10:43,340 --> 01:10:44,620
And these bearded figures

886
01:10:44,620 --> 01:10:46,060
from Monte Alban in Mexico

887
01:10:46,060 --> 01:10:47,440
amongst the oldest strata,

888
01:10:47,540 --> 01:10:48,740
they certainly do not look

889
01:10:48,740 --> 01:10:50,260
like Native Americans.

890
01:10:51,520 --> 01:10:52,780
And then Egypt again.

891
01:10:52,860 --> 01:10:53,820
Let's go back to Egypt.

892
01:10:54,180 --> 01:10:54,700
Osiris,

893
01:10:55,100 --> 01:10:56,620
the bringer

894
01:10:56,620 --> 01:10:57,860
of the gifts of civilization,

895
01:10:58,660 --> 01:11:01,020
also a prominently bearded figure.

896
01:11:01,540 --> 01:11:02,240
He was said

897
01:11:02,240 --> 01:11:02,980
to have reigned

898
01:11:02,980 --> 01:11:04,280
in the remote past,

899
01:11:04,280 --> 01:11:05,620
in the epoch

900
01:11:05,620 --> 01:11:06,620
that the ancient Egyptians

901
01:11:06,620 --> 01:11:08,360
called Zep-Tepi,

902
01:11:08,740 --> 01:11:10,200
the first time.

903
01:11:11,780 --> 01:11:13,760
So when was this first time?

904
01:11:14,500 --> 01:11:17,620
When was the beginning of it all?

905
01:11:19,220 --> 01:11:19,740
Well, obviously,

906
01:11:19,820 --> 01:11:20,400
I have a view.

907
01:11:20,820 --> 01:11:21,900
The work that Robert Bavall

908
01:11:21,900 --> 01:11:22,400
and I did

909
01:11:22,400 --> 01:11:23,780
in Message of the Sphinx

910
01:11:23,780 --> 01:11:24,920
suggests strongly

911
01:11:24,920 --> 01:11:26,700
that they are telling us

912
01:11:26,700 --> 01:11:27,880
to direct our attention

913
01:11:27,880 --> 01:11:28,560
to the period

914
01:11:28,560 --> 01:11:29,820
from 12,800

915
01:11:29,820 --> 01:11:32,480
to 11,600 years ago.

916
01:11:32,480 --> 01:11:33,600
That's the sky

917
01:11:33,600 --> 01:11:35,420
that's frozen in architecture

918
01:11:35,420 --> 01:11:36,220
on the ground

919
01:11:36,220 --> 01:11:37,260
at Giza.

920
01:11:39,100 --> 01:11:40,520
And then something else.

921
01:11:40,680 --> 01:11:40,980
Again,

922
01:11:41,120 --> 01:11:41,980
the amazing work

923
01:11:41,980 --> 01:11:43,100
of Professor Robert Schock,

924
01:11:43,180 --> 01:11:44,100
who was initially brought

925
01:11:44,100 --> 01:11:44,720
to the site

926
01:11:44,720 --> 01:11:46,440
by the rogue Egyptologist

927
01:11:46,440 --> 01:11:47,540
John Anthony West.

928
01:11:48,140 --> 01:11:48,860
And I'd like to take

929
01:11:48,860 --> 01:11:49,480
this opportunity

930
01:11:49,480 --> 01:11:50,840
to pay tribute

931
01:11:50,840 --> 01:11:52,080
to John Anthony West,

932
01:11:52,120 --> 01:11:53,320
now in his mid-80s,

933
01:11:53,400 --> 01:11:54,180
an amazing,

934
01:11:54,560 --> 01:11:55,420
brilliant researcher

935
01:11:55,420 --> 01:11:56,060
of the mysteries.

936
01:11:58,140 --> 01:11:58,780
Thank you.

937
01:12:00,700 --> 01:12:01,820
And it's John

938
01:12:01,820 --> 01:12:02,800
with his persistence

939
01:12:02,800 --> 01:12:04,040
that has led

940
01:12:04,040 --> 01:12:04,880
to the breakthrough

941
01:12:04,880 --> 01:12:05,440
at the Sphinx

942
01:12:05,440 --> 01:12:06,860
because John brought Schock

943
01:12:06,860 --> 01:12:07,940
there in 1992

944
01:12:07,940 --> 01:12:08,600
and said,

945
01:12:08,740 --> 01:12:10,240
look at this as a geologist

946
01:12:10,240 --> 01:12:11,620
and tell me what you see.

947
01:12:12,040 --> 01:12:12,580
And Schock said,

948
01:12:12,640 --> 01:12:13,480
what I see

949
01:12:13,480 --> 01:12:14,700
is exposure

950
01:12:14,700 --> 01:12:16,340
to at least 1,000 years

951
01:12:16,340 --> 01:12:17,820
of extremely heavy rainfall,

952
01:12:18,440 --> 01:12:20,320
these deep vertical fissures

953
01:12:20,320 --> 01:12:20,820
that we see

954
01:12:20,820 --> 01:12:22,300
around the Sphinx enclosure,

955
01:12:22,760 --> 01:12:24,060
could only have been caused

956
01:12:24,060 --> 01:12:26,320
by immensely heavy

957
01:12:26,320 --> 01:12:28,320
precipitation-induced weathering.

958
01:12:28,620 --> 01:12:29,520
And you do not get

959
01:12:29,520 --> 01:12:30,620
that climate in Giza

960
01:12:30,620 --> 01:12:32,100
in the last 5,000 years.

961
01:12:32,200 --> 01:12:33,020
The Sphinx is supposed

962
01:12:33,020 --> 01:12:34,720
to be 4,500 years old,

963
01:12:35,020 --> 01:12:36,160
although there's no evidence

964
01:12:36,160 --> 01:12:37,080
for that date at all.

965
01:12:37,700 --> 01:12:38,240
That's the date

966
01:12:38,240 --> 01:12:38,660
that we're given

967
01:12:38,660 --> 01:12:39,380
by Egyptologists.

968
01:12:39,500 --> 01:12:40,660
But you don't get rain then.

969
01:12:40,800 --> 01:12:41,640
You have to go back

970
01:12:41,640 --> 01:12:42,700
to the Younger Dryas

971
01:12:42,700 --> 01:12:44,100
to get the kind of conditions

972
01:12:44,100 --> 01:12:45,360
that could have caused

973
01:12:45,360 --> 01:12:46,300
the erosion of the Sphinx.

974
01:12:46,340 --> 01:12:47,900
Well, at the time

975
01:12:47,900 --> 01:12:48,680
when the case

976
01:12:48,680 --> 01:12:49,700
for an older Sphinx

977
01:12:49,700 --> 01:12:51,080
geologically was presented,

978
01:12:51,340 --> 01:12:52,200
Egyptologists

979
01:12:52,200 --> 01:12:54,480
ridiculed the whole idea,

980
01:12:54,560 --> 01:12:55,680
particularly these two guys,

981
01:12:56,040 --> 01:12:56,740
Mark Lehner

982
01:12:56,740 --> 01:12:58,000
and Zahi Hawass.

983
01:12:58,920 --> 01:12:59,240
Okay?

984
01:13:00,320 --> 01:13:00,800
Boo!

985
01:13:02,940 --> 01:13:04,100
They stand up

986
01:13:04,100 --> 01:13:04,840
and they say,

987
01:13:05,160 --> 01:13:06,460
of course the Sphinx

988
01:13:06,460 --> 01:13:07,840
isn't 12,000 years old.

989
01:13:08,080 --> 01:13:08,940
We know

990
01:13:08,940 --> 01:13:09,680
the Sphinx

991
01:13:09,680 --> 01:13:11,020
is not 12,000 years old.

992
01:13:11,120 --> 01:13:11,840
And besides,

993
01:13:12,660 --> 01:13:13,520
if there were

994
01:13:13,520 --> 01:13:14,660
a culture

995
01:13:14,660 --> 01:13:16,240
capable of creating

996
01:13:16,240 --> 01:13:17,700
a huge megalithic site

997
01:13:17,700 --> 01:13:18,600
like the Sphinx

998
01:13:18,600 --> 01:13:20,420
12,000 years ago,

999
01:13:20,660 --> 01:13:21,360
why there would be

1000
01:13:21,360 --> 01:13:22,460
many other sites

1001
01:13:22,460 --> 01:13:23,200
that are that old

1002
01:13:23,200 --> 01:13:24,440
and we see none of them.

1003
01:13:24,780 --> 01:13:25,020
Therefore,

1004
01:13:25,140 --> 01:13:25,660
the Sphinx

1005
01:13:25,660 --> 01:13:27,000
definitely dates

1006
01:13:27,000 --> 01:13:28,560
to 2,500 BC.

1007
01:13:28,980 --> 01:13:29,140
Well,

1008
01:13:29,180 --> 01:13:29,800
Egyptologists

1009
01:13:29,800 --> 01:13:30,500
could get away

1010
01:13:30,500 --> 01:13:31,700
with that kind of crap

1011
01:13:31,700 --> 01:13:32,980
in 1992,

1012
01:13:33,480 --> 01:13:34,900
but they can't get away

1013
01:13:34,900 --> 01:13:35,660
with it today.

1014
01:13:36,180 --> 01:13:37,540
Not after the discovery

1015
01:13:37,540 --> 01:13:38,680
of Gobekli Tepe,

1016
01:13:38,980 --> 01:13:39,880
which isn't even

1017
01:13:39,880 --> 01:13:40,820
very far

1018
01:13:40,820 --> 01:13:41,980
from the Sphinx.

1019
01:13:42,540 --> 01:13:43,300
If you can make

1020
01:13:43,300 --> 01:13:44,080
Gobekli Tepe,

1021
01:13:44,280 --> 01:13:45,120
you can make

1022
01:13:45,120 --> 01:13:45,660
the Sphinx.

1023
01:13:45,780 --> 01:13:46,480
We are looking

1024
01:13:46,480 --> 01:13:47,300
at the fingerprints

1025
01:13:47,300 --> 01:13:48,760
of an advanced people

1026
01:13:48,760 --> 01:13:50,260
definitely going back

1027
01:13:50,260 --> 01:13:52,240
11,600 years ago

1028
01:13:52,240 --> 01:13:52,840
or more

1029
01:13:52,840 --> 01:13:53,680
to the time

1030
01:13:53,680 --> 01:13:54,680
of that cataclysm

1031
01:13:54,680 --> 01:13:55,740
on the earth.

1032
01:13:56,140 --> 01:13:56,340
Now,

1033
01:13:56,660 --> 01:13:58,060
in the last few moments,

1034
01:13:58,340 --> 01:13:59,140
let me run you over

1035
01:13:59,140 --> 01:13:59,900
to Indonesia,

1036
01:14:00,860 --> 01:14:02,360
to the island of Java,

1037
01:14:03,320 --> 01:14:05,020
and to another site

1038
01:14:05,020 --> 01:14:06,140
that's rewriting history

1039
01:14:06,140 --> 01:14:08,060
called Gunung Padang.

1040
01:14:08,060 --> 01:14:10,140
And this is the top

1041
01:14:10,140 --> 01:14:11,440
of Gunung Padang.

1042
01:14:12,440 --> 01:14:13,260
It's, of course,

1043
01:14:13,340 --> 01:14:14,200
a man-made site,

1044
01:14:14,460 --> 01:14:15,160
been recognized

1045
01:14:15,160 --> 01:14:16,240
as such by archaeology

1046
01:14:16,240 --> 01:14:17,020
for a long time.

1047
01:14:17,580 --> 01:14:18,240
What it uses

1048
01:14:18,240 --> 01:14:19,780
is columnar basalt,

1049
01:14:20,220 --> 01:14:21,460
which forms naturally

1050
01:14:21,460 --> 01:14:22,540
into blocky forms,

1051
01:14:22,620 --> 01:14:23,360
and then they've used

1052
01:14:23,360 --> 01:14:24,860
those as construction blocks

1053
01:14:24,860 --> 01:14:26,340
to create this

1054
01:14:26,340 --> 01:14:27,580
megalithic site,

1055
01:14:27,680 --> 01:14:28,360
which is thought

1056
01:14:28,360 --> 01:14:29,260
or has been thought

1057
01:14:29,260 --> 01:14:29,960
to be about

1058
01:14:29,960 --> 01:14:32,540
2,500 years old.

1059
01:14:33,160 --> 01:14:33,860
And this is more

1060
01:14:33,860 --> 01:14:34,560
of the terraces

1061
01:14:34,560 --> 01:14:35,700
at the top of the hill

1062
01:14:35,700 --> 01:14:36,380
where it sits.

1063
01:14:36,920 --> 01:14:38,040
This is what it looks like.

1064
01:14:38,600 --> 01:14:39,400
Archaeologists say

1065
01:14:39,400 --> 01:14:41,220
it's about 2,500 years old.

1066
01:14:41,340 --> 01:14:41,700
Interesting,

1067
01:14:41,840 --> 01:14:42,860
but not very interesting.

1068
01:14:43,740 --> 01:14:44,440
But hang on.

1069
01:14:45,040 --> 01:14:45,480
The gentleman

1070
01:14:45,480 --> 01:14:46,360
I'm with here

1071
01:14:46,360 --> 01:14:48,560
is Danny Hillman Natawajaja.

1072
01:14:48,760 --> 01:14:49,860
He is Indonesia's

1073
01:14:49,860 --> 01:14:50,740
leading expert

1074
01:14:50,740 --> 01:14:52,940
in megathrust earthquakes.

1075
01:14:53,420 --> 01:14:54,580
He's a Carl Tech-trained

1076
01:14:54,580 --> 01:14:55,700
geologist,

1077
01:14:56,060 --> 01:14:56,960
PhD geologist,

1078
01:14:57,280 --> 01:14:58,640
and he's an amateur

1079
01:14:58,640 --> 01:14:59,600
archaeologist too.

1080
01:15:00,120 --> 01:15:00,940
And when he came

1081
01:15:00,940 --> 01:15:01,980
to Gobekli Tepe,

1082
01:15:02,580 --> 01:15:03,820
what he saw

1083
01:15:03,820 --> 01:15:04,900
was not

1084
01:15:04,900 --> 01:15:06,460
not a natural hill

1085
01:15:06,460 --> 01:15:09,080
but a man-made pyramid

1086
01:15:09,080 --> 01:15:11,440
with the known

1087
01:15:11,440 --> 01:15:12,300
megalithic site

1088
01:15:12,300 --> 01:15:13,200
at the top of it.

1089
01:15:14,040 --> 01:15:15,120
So he assembled

1090
01:15:15,120 --> 01:15:17,280
a multidisciplinary team,

1091
01:15:18,440 --> 01:15:20,520
mainly geologists,

1092
01:15:20,520 --> 01:15:22,200
and what they did

1093
01:15:22,200 --> 01:15:22,220
and what they did

1094
01:15:22,220 --> 01:15:23,240
was they looked

1095
01:15:23,240 --> 01:15:24,520
inside that

1096
01:15:24,520 --> 01:15:25,540
definitely

1097
01:15:25,540 --> 01:15:26,960
man-made hill.

1098
01:15:27,680 --> 01:15:28,820
They ran

1099
01:15:28,820 --> 01:15:30,120
remote sensing lines

1100
01:15:30,120 --> 01:15:30,520
around it.

1101
01:15:30,580 --> 01:15:32,120
They used seismic tomography,

1102
01:15:32,280 --> 01:15:33,480
electrical resistivity,

1103
01:15:33,880 --> 01:15:35,040
ground-penetrating radar,

1104
01:15:35,360 --> 01:15:36,100
and so on

1105
01:15:36,100 --> 01:15:36,840
and so forth.

1106
01:15:37,360 --> 01:15:38,220
Really thorough,

1107
01:15:38,780 --> 01:15:40,120
detailed geological work

1108
01:15:40,120 --> 01:15:40,720
around the site,

1109
01:15:40,800 --> 01:15:41,520
getting a scan

1110
01:15:41,520 --> 01:15:42,880
deep inside the structure.

1111
01:15:43,800 --> 01:15:44,800
And then they put

1112
01:15:44,800 --> 01:15:45,620
down drills,

1113
01:15:45,840 --> 01:15:46,340
core drills.

1114
01:15:46,960 --> 01:15:47,960
And those core drills

1115
01:15:47,960 --> 01:15:49,480
brought up drill cores

1116
01:15:49,480 --> 01:15:51,060
where pieces

1117
01:15:51,060 --> 01:15:52,380
of worked stone

1118
01:15:52,380 --> 01:15:53,160
were found

1119
01:15:53,160 --> 01:15:54,300
in direct association

1120
01:15:54,300 --> 01:15:55,560
with organic material

1121
01:15:55,560 --> 01:15:56,360
that could be dated.

1122
01:15:57,260 --> 01:15:58,020
And the dates

1123
01:15:58,020 --> 01:15:58,940
that started

1124
01:15:58,940 --> 01:15:59,780
to come out,

1125
01:16:00,140 --> 01:16:00,920
while initially

1126
01:16:00,920 --> 01:16:01,960
not controversial,

1127
01:16:02,480 --> 01:16:03,340
got more and more

1128
01:16:03,340 --> 01:16:04,820
worrying for archaeology.

1129
01:16:05,380 --> 01:16:05,960
Going back

1130
01:16:05,960 --> 01:16:07,400
16,000 years

1131
01:16:07,400 --> 01:16:08,660
and in drill core two,

1132
01:16:09,300 --> 01:16:09,940
going back

1133
01:16:09,940 --> 01:16:11,200
actually more than

1134
01:16:11,200 --> 01:16:13,040
20,000 years

1135
01:16:13,040 --> 01:16:14,320
into the past.

1136
01:16:16,560 --> 01:16:17,420
And then

1137
01:16:17,420 --> 01:16:18,160
the cavities,

1138
01:16:19,140 --> 01:16:20,580
the high resistivity

1139
01:16:20,580 --> 01:16:21,040
bodies

1140
01:16:21,040 --> 01:16:21,820
with inside

1141
01:16:21,820 --> 01:16:22,860
this man-made hill,

1142
01:16:23,180 --> 01:16:24,120
which are indications

1143
01:16:24,120 --> 01:16:24,980
of chambers,

1144
01:16:25,240 --> 01:16:26,460
very regular chambers

1145
01:16:26,460 --> 01:16:27,740
inside the hill.

1146
01:16:28,440 --> 01:16:29,060
As a matter of fact,

1147
01:16:29,120 --> 01:16:29,820
they've identified

1148
01:16:29,820 --> 01:16:31,200
three of them.

1149
01:16:32,380 --> 01:16:33,360
Very exciting.

1150
01:16:33,480 --> 01:16:34,060
We want to know

1151
01:16:34,060 --> 01:16:35,620
what's in these chambers.

1152
01:16:36,060 --> 01:16:36,740
We really would like

1153
01:16:36,740 --> 01:16:37,140
to know

1154
01:16:37,140 --> 01:16:38,520
what's in these chambers.

1155
01:16:39,380 --> 01:16:40,680
The problem is

1156
01:16:40,680 --> 01:16:42,680
especially we would

1157
01:16:42,680 --> 01:16:43,120
like to know

1158
01:16:43,120 --> 01:16:43,860
what's in these chambers

1159
01:16:43,860 --> 01:16:44,460
if you consider

1160
01:16:44,460 --> 01:16:45,460
the Ice Age history

1161
01:16:45,460 --> 01:16:46,120
of Indonesia

1162
01:16:46,120 --> 01:16:47,540
because until

1163
01:16:47,540 --> 01:16:48,560
the Younger Dryas,

1164
01:16:49,080 --> 01:16:50,280
Indonesia was a vast

1165
01:16:50,280 --> 01:16:51,980
continent-sized landmass

1166
01:16:51,980 --> 01:16:53,100
extending down

1167
01:16:53,100 --> 01:16:54,180
from Southeast Asia,

1168
01:16:54,580 --> 01:16:55,480
richly watered,

1169
01:16:55,560 --> 01:16:55,800
fertile,

1170
01:16:56,320 --> 01:16:57,400
with an amazing climate.

1171
01:16:58,240 --> 01:16:59,440
The massive sea level

1172
01:16:59,440 --> 01:17:00,140
rise during

1173
01:17:00,140 --> 01:17:01,120
the Younger Dryas

1174
01:17:01,120 --> 01:17:02,280
caused the flooding

1175
01:17:02,280 --> 01:17:02,960
of Indonesia,

1176
01:17:03,580 --> 01:17:04,680
leaving only the islands

1177
01:17:04,680 --> 01:17:05,640
that we know today

1178
01:17:05,640 --> 01:17:07,040
and it's on the highland

1179
01:17:07,040 --> 01:17:08,060
of the island of Java

1180
01:17:08,060 --> 01:17:09,480
that Gunung Padang

1181
01:17:09,480 --> 01:17:10,480
has been found

1182
01:17:10,480 --> 01:17:11,740
and that's an artist's

1183
01:17:11,740 --> 01:17:12,440
impression

1184
01:17:12,440 --> 01:17:13,600
of Gunung Padang.

1185
01:17:14,200 --> 01:17:15,140
It would be really,

1186
01:17:15,280 --> 01:17:15,900
I think,

1187
01:17:16,640 --> 01:17:17,080
essential.

1188
01:17:17,280 --> 01:17:17,860
I can't imagine

1189
01:17:17,860 --> 01:17:18,920
any archaeologist

1190
01:17:18,920 --> 01:17:20,160
who would be against

1191
01:17:20,160 --> 01:17:20,860
the idea

1192
01:17:20,860 --> 01:17:21,740
of finding out

1193
01:17:21,740 --> 01:17:22,820
what's in those chambers.

1194
01:17:23,740 --> 01:17:24,500
But amazingly,

1195
01:17:25,320 --> 01:17:25,920
they are.

1196
01:17:27,060 --> 01:17:27,960
As a matter of fact,

1197
01:17:28,380 --> 01:17:29,020
there was a change

1198
01:17:29,020 --> 01:17:29,500
of government

1199
01:17:29,500 --> 01:17:31,200
in October 2014

1200
01:17:31,200 --> 01:17:32,160
in Indonesia.

1201
01:17:33,080 --> 01:17:33,960
The archaeologists

1202
01:17:33,960 --> 01:17:35,340
petitioned the new president

1203
01:17:35,340 --> 01:17:36,360
and the new president

1204
01:17:36,360 --> 01:17:36,980
has stopped

1205
01:17:36,980 --> 01:17:37,980
all excavation

1206
01:17:37,980 --> 01:17:39,240
at Gobekli Tepe.

1207
01:17:40,200 --> 01:17:41,220
It seems almost

1208
01:17:41,220 --> 01:17:41,820
that there is

1209
01:17:41,820 --> 01:17:43,080
a deliberate effort

1210
01:17:43,080 --> 01:17:44,640
to hide

1211
01:17:44,640 --> 01:17:45,580
and destroy

1212
01:17:45,580 --> 01:17:46,500
our past.

1213
01:17:47,140 --> 01:17:48,020
I used the phrase

1214
01:17:48,020 --> 01:17:49,740
a species with amnesia

1215
01:17:49,740 --> 01:17:50,180
when I wrote

1216
01:17:50,180 --> 01:17:51,040
Fingerprints of the Gods

1217
01:17:51,040 --> 01:17:51,800
in 1995

1218
01:17:51,800 --> 01:17:53,060
and I've just realized

1219
01:17:53,060 --> 01:17:54,940
how extensive that is

1220
01:17:54,940 --> 01:17:56,080
and how we ourselves

1221
01:17:56,080 --> 01:17:57,220
are constantly

1222
01:17:57,220 --> 01:17:57,900
in the process

1223
01:17:57,900 --> 01:17:59,140
of destroying the past

1224
01:17:59,140 --> 01:17:59,660
and editing

1225
01:17:59,660 --> 01:18:00,940
and rewriting the past.

1226
01:18:01,380 --> 01:18:02,220
And that's what's happening

1227
01:18:02,220 --> 01:18:03,020
at Gunung Padang.

1228
01:18:03,100 --> 01:18:03,980
But it's too late.

1229
01:18:03,980 --> 01:18:05,100
It's the genie

1230
01:18:05,100 --> 01:18:06,660
is out of the bottle.

1231
01:18:07,960 --> 01:18:08,960
I would say

1232
01:18:08,960 --> 01:18:09,320
that

1233
01:18:09,320 --> 01:18:11,960
for the last

1234
01:18:11,960 --> 01:18:13,280
9,000 years or so,

1235
01:18:13,380 --> 01:18:14,220
I don't have too many

1236
01:18:14,220 --> 01:18:14,900
bones to pick

1237
01:18:14,900 --> 01:18:15,360
with history

1238
01:18:15,360 --> 01:18:16,040
and archaeology.

1239
01:18:16,880 --> 01:18:17,700
A lot of us

1240
01:18:17,700 --> 01:18:18,300
working in the

1241
01:18:18,300 --> 01:18:19,180
alternative field

1242
01:18:19,180 --> 01:18:20,900
couldn't do our work

1243
01:18:20,900 --> 01:18:21,400
if it wasn't

1244
01:18:21,400 --> 01:18:22,280
for the excellent work

1245
01:18:22,280 --> 01:18:23,600
that's done by archaeologists

1246
01:18:23,600 --> 01:18:24,640
and people in the mainstream.

1247
01:18:24,780 --> 01:18:25,520
And I don't want

1248
01:18:25,520 --> 01:18:26,300
to slag them off.

1249
01:18:26,360 --> 01:18:27,660
I want to pay tribute

1250
01:18:27,660 --> 01:18:29,020
to the work that they do.

1251
01:18:29,680 --> 01:18:30,840
It's not their fault

1252
01:18:30,840 --> 01:18:31,940
that the evidence

1253
01:18:31,940 --> 01:18:33,400
for a global cataclysm

1254
01:18:33,400 --> 01:18:34,980
right in the backyard

1255
01:18:34,980 --> 01:18:35,680
of history,

1256
01:18:36,140 --> 01:18:37,140
right in the foundations

1257
01:18:37,140 --> 01:18:37,600
of history,

1258
01:18:37,600 --> 01:18:38,560
has only been revealed

1259
01:18:38,560 --> 01:18:39,580
in the last seven years.

1260
01:18:40,120 --> 01:18:41,040
They haven't had time

1261
01:18:41,040 --> 01:18:41,860
to catch up with it

1262
01:18:41,860 --> 01:18:42,800
or take it into account.

1263
01:18:42,880 --> 01:18:43,860
But I would say

1264
01:18:43,860 --> 01:18:45,180
that what I call

1265
01:18:45,180 --> 01:18:46,140
the house of history,

1266
01:18:46,460 --> 01:18:47,760
no matter how beautiful

1267
01:18:47,760 --> 01:18:48,540
it may appear,

1268
01:18:49,100 --> 01:18:50,380
it's built on foundations

1269
01:18:50,380 --> 01:18:51,020
of sand.

1270
01:18:51,340 --> 01:18:53,420
Because in those timelines,

1271
01:18:53,660 --> 01:18:54,860
no account at all

1272
01:18:54,860 --> 01:18:55,800
is being taken

1273
01:18:55,800 --> 01:18:57,200
of a global

1274
01:18:57,200 --> 01:18:59,060
extinction-level event

1275
01:18:59,060 --> 01:18:59,740
that occurred

1276
01:18:59,740 --> 01:19:01,020
right in the foundations

1277
01:19:01,020 --> 01:19:01,560
of history

1278
01:19:01,560 --> 01:19:02,740
and may have removed

1279
01:19:02,740 --> 01:19:03,840
a whole chapter

1280
01:19:03,840 --> 01:19:05,360
from the human story

1281
01:19:05,360 --> 01:19:06,640
at that time.

1282
01:19:07,040 --> 01:19:08,140
Now, the scientific evidence

1283
01:19:08,140 --> 01:19:09,100
that proved it happened

1284
01:19:09,100 --> 01:19:10,240
has only begun to emerge

1285
01:19:10,240 --> 01:19:11,480
since 2007.

1286
01:19:12,840 --> 01:19:13,420
Its implications

1287
01:19:13,420 --> 01:19:14,540
haven't yet been taken

1288
01:19:14,540 --> 01:19:15,080
into account

1289
01:19:15,080 --> 01:19:15,680
by historians

1290
01:19:15,680 --> 01:19:16,480
and archaeologists.

1291
01:19:17,000 --> 01:19:17,760
But I would say

1292
01:19:17,760 --> 01:19:18,460
we're obliged

1293
01:19:18,460 --> 01:19:19,360
to contemplate

1294
01:19:19,360 --> 01:19:20,180
the possibility

1295
01:19:20,180 --> 01:19:21,540
that everything

1296
01:19:21,540 --> 01:19:22,520
we've been taught

1297
01:19:22,520 --> 01:19:23,700
about the origins

1298
01:19:23,700 --> 01:19:24,500
of civilization

1299
01:19:24,500 --> 01:19:25,520
could be wrong.

1300
01:19:25,520 --> 01:19:28,180
And on a closing note,

1301
01:19:28,820 --> 01:19:30,200
what of the future

1302
01:19:30,200 --> 01:19:31,600
of civilization?

1303
01:19:32,920 --> 01:19:34,160
I think NASA's

1304
01:19:34,160 --> 01:19:35,080
reassuring figure

1305
01:19:35,080 --> 01:19:36,060
of 100 million year

1306
01:19:36,060 --> 01:19:36,460
intervals

1307
01:19:36,460 --> 01:19:38,040
between extinction-level events

1308
01:19:38,040 --> 01:19:39,520
is complacent

1309
01:19:39,520 --> 01:19:40,440
and irresponsible.

1310
01:19:42,020 --> 01:19:42,760
In fact, NASA

1311
01:19:42,760 --> 01:19:43,740
often makes

1312
01:19:43,740 --> 01:19:45,080
reassuring statements

1313
01:19:45,080 --> 01:19:45,880
that turn out

1314
01:19:45,880 --> 01:19:47,120
on closer examination

1315
01:19:47,120 --> 01:19:48,200
to be based

1316
01:19:48,200 --> 01:19:49,040
on incomplete

1317
01:19:49,040 --> 01:19:50,260
data sets.

1318
01:19:51,100 --> 01:19:51,580
For example,

1319
01:19:51,700 --> 01:19:52,500
NASA says that

1320
01:19:52,500 --> 01:19:53,800
none of the asteroids

1321
01:19:53,800 --> 01:19:54,560
or comets

1322
01:19:54,560 --> 01:19:56,360
that it has identified

1323
01:19:56,360 --> 01:19:57,980
will come close enough

1324
01:19:57,980 --> 01:19:58,980
to impact Earth

1325
01:19:58,980 --> 01:19:59,580
any time

1326
01:19:59,580 --> 01:20:00,780
in the foreseeable future.

1327
01:20:00,900 --> 01:20:01,200
Quote,

1328
01:20:01,700 --> 01:20:02,380
all known

1329
01:20:02,380 --> 01:20:03,480
potentially hazardous

1330
01:20:03,480 --> 01:20:04,260
asteroids

1331
01:20:04,260 --> 01:20:05,420
have less than

1332
01:20:05,420 --> 01:20:07,480
a 0.01% chance

1333
01:20:07,480 --> 01:20:08,840
of impacting the Earth

1334
01:20:08,840 --> 01:20:09,940
in the next 100 years.

1335
01:20:10,020 --> 01:20:10,700
That's NASA

1336
01:20:10,700 --> 01:20:12,800
in August 2015.

1337
01:20:13,020 --> 01:20:13,920
The problem is

1338
01:20:13,920 --> 01:20:15,380
they're only talking

1339
01:20:15,380 --> 01:20:16,120
about the ones

1340
01:20:16,120 --> 01:20:17,180
they've identified.

1341
01:20:18,460 --> 01:20:18,800
Okay?

1342
01:20:19,360 --> 01:20:21,320
And they're very few

1343
01:20:21,320 --> 01:20:22,080
in number.

1344
01:20:22,080 --> 01:20:23,460
The scientists

1345
01:20:23,460 --> 01:20:24,080
who are really

1346
01:20:24,080 --> 01:20:25,260
studying this field

1347
01:20:25,260 --> 01:20:26,820
feel that actually

1348
01:20:26,820 --> 01:20:28,060
they've only identified

1349
01:20:28,060 --> 01:20:29,200
about 1%

1350
01:20:29,200 --> 01:20:30,860
of the total population

1351
01:20:30,860 --> 01:20:31,960
of potentially

1352
01:20:31,960 --> 01:20:32,980
hazardous objects

1353
01:20:32,980 --> 01:20:34,780
with 99%

1354
01:20:34,780 --> 01:20:35,680
more than

1355
01:20:35,680 --> 01:20:37,060
100,000 of them

1356
01:20:37,060 --> 01:20:38,720
still awaiting discovery.

1357
01:20:38,920 --> 01:20:40,180
So we're surrounded

1358
01:20:40,180 --> 01:20:41,520
by this cat's cradle

1359
01:20:41,520 --> 01:20:42,220
of objects.

1360
01:20:43,220 --> 01:20:44,600
And we'll recall

1361
01:20:44,600 --> 01:20:45,780
that just last Halloween

1362
01:20:45,780 --> 01:20:47,780
an asteroid

1363
01:20:47,780 --> 01:20:48,540
whizzed past

1364
01:20:48,540 --> 01:20:49,520
a really close passage

1365
01:20:49,520 --> 01:20:49,980
to the Earth.

1366
01:20:50,260 --> 01:20:51,380
NASA only noticed it

1367
01:20:51,380 --> 01:20:52,780
20 days before that.

1368
01:20:53,560 --> 01:20:53,720
You know?

1369
01:20:53,800 --> 01:20:54,940
So we don't really know

1370
01:20:54,940 --> 01:20:56,380
what's out there.

1371
01:20:57,700 --> 01:20:58,860
But more and more

1372
01:20:58,860 --> 01:20:59,340
scientists

1373
01:20:59,340 --> 01:21:01,280
are becoming aware

1374
01:21:01,280 --> 01:21:03,000
that we might not

1375
01:21:03,000 --> 01:21:03,980
be living in a safe

1376
01:21:03,980 --> 01:21:05,040
era at all.

1377
01:21:05,140 --> 01:21:06,080
As a matter of fact,

1378
01:21:06,260 --> 01:21:06,960
we are living

1379
01:21:06,960 --> 01:21:08,280
in the same era

1380
01:21:08,280 --> 01:21:09,560
that our ancestors

1381
01:21:09,560 --> 01:21:10,160
lived in

1382
01:21:10,160 --> 01:21:11,900
12,800 years ago.

1383
01:21:12,480 --> 01:21:13,380
It may be that

1384
01:21:13,380 --> 01:21:13,920
that comet

1385
01:21:13,920 --> 01:21:14,760
has not finished

1386
01:21:14,760 --> 01:21:15,360
its business

1387
01:21:15,360 --> 01:21:16,640
with the human race yet,

1388
01:21:17,140 --> 01:21:18,000
the remnants of which

1389
01:21:18,000 --> 01:21:18,520
are orbiting

1390
01:21:18,520 --> 01:21:19,880
in the torrid meteor stream.

1391
01:21:21,600 --> 01:21:22,480
As I mentioned,

1392
01:21:22,580 --> 01:21:23,360
it's like crossing

1393
01:21:23,360 --> 01:21:24,340
a six-lane highway

1394
01:21:24,340 --> 01:21:25,160
twice a year

1395
01:21:25,160 --> 01:21:26,040
with a blindfold on

1396
01:21:26,040 --> 01:21:26,800
and hoping you

1397
01:21:26,800 --> 01:21:27,300
don't get hit.

1398
01:21:30,540 --> 01:21:31,540
The astronomers

1399
01:21:31,540 --> 01:21:32,440
working with

1400
01:21:32,440 --> 01:21:33,500
Emilio Spedicato,

1401
01:21:33,660 --> 01:21:34,260
who's a mathematician

1402
01:21:34,260 --> 01:21:35,180
at the University

1403
01:21:35,180 --> 01:21:35,860
of Bergamo,

1404
01:21:36,580 --> 01:21:37,300
their research

1405
01:21:37,300 --> 01:21:38,080
and calculations

1406
01:21:38,080 --> 01:21:38,980
indicate that

1407
01:21:38,980 --> 01:21:39,740
in addition to

1408
01:21:39,740 --> 01:21:40,260
the known

1409
01:21:40,260 --> 01:21:41,260
torrid objects,

1410
01:21:41,380 --> 01:21:41,920
for example,

1411
01:21:42,160 --> 01:21:42,460
Enki,

1412
01:21:42,600 --> 01:21:43,120
Olgiato,

1413
01:21:43,340 --> 01:21:43,840
and Rudniki,

1414
01:21:44,400 --> 01:21:44,960
which are all

1415
01:21:44,960 --> 01:21:45,440
in the range

1416
01:21:45,440 --> 01:21:46,200
of two to five

1417
01:21:46,200 --> 01:21:47,360
kilometers in diameter,

1418
01:21:47,920 --> 01:21:48,800
there are also,

1419
01:21:49,000 --> 01:21:49,140
quote,

1420
01:21:49,220 --> 01:21:49,940
between one

1421
01:21:49,940 --> 01:21:50,780
and two hundred

1422
01:21:50,780 --> 01:21:51,460
asteroids

1423
01:21:51,460 --> 01:21:52,560
of more than

1424
01:21:52,560 --> 01:21:53,060
a kilometer

1425
01:21:53,060 --> 01:21:53,760
in diameter

1426
01:21:53,760 --> 01:21:54,580
orbiting within

1427
01:21:54,580 --> 01:21:55,680
the torrid meteor stream.

1428
01:21:56,440 --> 01:21:57,100
And amongst them,

1429
01:21:57,180 --> 01:21:57,680
these scientists

1430
01:21:57,680 --> 01:21:58,300
believe there's

1431
01:21:58,300 --> 01:21:59,460
one very large

1432
01:21:59,460 --> 01:21:59,960
object,

1433
01:22:00,160 --> 01:22:01,500
dark object,

1434
01:22:01,680 --> 01:22:02,680
which is about

1435
01:22:02,680 --> 01:22:03,520
30 kilometers

1436
01:22:03,520 --> 01:22:04,140
in diameter.

1437
01:22:05,640 --> 01:22:06,600
This unique

1438
01:22:06,600 --> 01:22:07,580
complex of debris,

1439
01:22:07,700 --> 01:22:08,060
they write,

1440
01:22:08,120 --> 01:22:08,920
is undoubtedly

1441
01:22:08,920 --> 01:22:09,940
the greatest

1442
01:22:09,940 --> 01:22:10,920
collision hazard

1443
01:22:10,920 --> 01:22:12,140
facing the Earth

1444
01:22:12,140 --> 01:22:13,240
at the present time.

1445
01:22:13,520 --> 01:22:14,020
And this is where

1446
01:22:14,020 --> 01:22:14,680
it comes down

1447
01:22:14,680 --> 01:22:15,640
to choice.

1448
01:22:16,320 --> 01:22:17,580
I am not here

1449
01:22:17,580 --> 01:22:18,660
to spread

1450
01:22:18,660 --> 01:22:19,840
gloom and doom.

1451
01:22:21,300 --> 01:22:22,400
I am not here

1452
01:22:22,400 --> 01:22:23,960
to manifest

1453
01:22:23,960 --> 01:22:25,000
destruction.

1454
01:22:25,920 --> 01:22:26,920
I'm actually here

1455
01:22:26,920 --> 01:22:27,540
with a positive

1456
01:22:27,540 --> 01:22:28,100
message.

1457
01:22:29,380 --> 01:22:30,620
Because we

1458
01:22:30,620 --> 01:22:32,180
are probably

1459
01:22:32,180 --> 01:22:33,540
the first

1460
01:22:33,540 --> 01:22:34,140
civilization

1461
01:22:34,140 --> 01:22:35,100
on this planet

1462
01:22:35,100 --> 01:22:36,760
that has the

1463
01:22:36,760 --> 01:22:37,660
technology to

1464
01:22:37,660 --> 01:22:39,100
intervene directly

1465
01:22:39,100 --> 01:22:39,820
in our cosmic

1466
01:22:39,820 --> 01:22:40,380
environment.

1467
01:22:41,180 --> 01:22:42,280
We could make

1468
01:22:42,280 --> 01:22:43,040
life on Earth

1469
01:22:43,040 --> 01:22:44,040
safe from

1470
01:22:44,040 --> 01:22:44,940
cosmic threats

1471
01:22:44,940 --> 01:22:46,560
forever if

1472
01:22:46,560 --> 01:22:47,140
we chose

1473
01:22:47,140 --> 01:22:47,860
to do so.

1474
01:22:48,680 --> 01:22:49,160
The problem

1475
01:22:49,160 --> 01:22:49,760
is money.

1476
01:22:50,700 --> 01:22:51,660
We're so busy

1477
01:22:51,660 --> 01:22:52,740
spending money

1478
01:22:52,740 --> 01:22:54,760
on fear

1479
01:22:54,760 --> 01:22:55,860
and hatred

1480
01:22:55,860 --> 01:22:57,060
and suspicion.

1481
01:22:58,280 --> 01:22:58,760
Human beings

1482
01:22:58,760 --> 01:22:59,740
have no problem

1483
01:22:59,740 --> 01:23:00,500
in raising

1484
01:23:00,500 --> 01:23:01,220
literally

1485
01:23:01,220 --> 01:23:02,100
trillions

1486
01:23:02,100 --> 01:23:02,680
of dollars

1487
01:23:02,680 --> 01:23:04,000
to manufacture

1488
01:23:04,000 --> 01:23:05,240
ghastly weapons

1489
01:23:05,240 --> 01:23:06,200
that we can

1490
01:23:06,200 --> 01:23:07,040
murder each other

1491
01:23:07,040 --> 01:23:07,680
with on a

1492
01:23:07,680 --> 01:23:08,480
grand scale.

1493
01:23:08,480 --> 01:23:10,720
but we are

1494
01:23:10,720 --> 01:23:11,600
presently spending

1495
01:23:11,600 --> 01:23:12,340
roughly what it

1496
01:23:12,340 --> 01:23:13,280
costs to run

1497
01:23:13,280 --> 01:23:14,220
one McDonald's

1498
01:23:14,220 --> 01:23:14,680
a year

1499
01:23:14,680 --> 01:23:16,100
on looking

1500
01:23:16,100 --> 01:23:17,080
for dangerous

1501
01:23:17,080 --> 01:23:17,880
objects in the

1502
01:23:17,880 --> 01:23:18,500
immediate near

1503
01:23:18,500 --> 01:23:19,180
Earth environment.

1504
01:23:19,520 --> 01:23:20,140
This is a bad

1505
01:23:20,140 --> 01:23:20,720
mistake.

1506
01:23:21,520 --> 01:23:21,760
You know,

1507
01:23:21,840 --> 01:23:22,560
we should stop

1508
01:23:22,560 --> 01:23:23,660
building weapons

1509
01:23:23,660 --> 01:23:24,600
of mass destruction

1510
01:23:24,600 --> 01:23:25,560
and we should

1511
01:23:25,560 --> 01:23:26,540
start emanating

1512
01:23:26,540 --> 01:23:27,820
love instead.

1513
01:23:27,820 --> 01:23:32,800
And you know,

1514
01:23:32,960 --> 01:23:34,580
you know,

1515
01:23:34,660 --> 01:23:35,640
when we do that,

1516
01:23:35,800 --> 01:23:36,580
when we stop

1517
01:23:36,580 --> 01:23:37,180
fearing and

1518
01:23:37,180 --> 01:23:37,620
hating and

1519
01:23:37,620 --> 01:23:38,840
suspecting and

1520
01:23:38,840 --> 01:23:39,600
start thinking

1521
01:23:39,600 --> 01:23:40,360
about the future

1522
01:23:40,360 --> 01:23:40,980
of our children

1523
01:23:40,980 --> 01:23:41,780
and our children's

1524
01:23:41,780 --> 01:23:42,040
children,

1525
01:23:42,180 --> 01:23:42,780
why naturally

1526
01:23:42,780 --> 01:23:43,800
we would want

1527
01:23:43,800 --> 01:23:44,320
to make the

1528
01:23:44,320 --> 01:23:45,120
Earth a safe

1529
01:23:45,120 --> 01:23:45,560
environment.

1530
01:23:46,000 --> 01:23:46,600
And we have

1531
01:23:46,600 --> 01:23:47,140
the capacity

1532
01:23:47,140 --> 01:23:47,820
to do it.

1533
01:23:48,140 --> 01:23:48,860
It's just

1534
01:23:48,860 --> 01:23:49,680
a matter

1535
01:23:49,680 --> 01:23:50,620
of choice.

1536
01:23:51,140 --> 01:23:51,540
Now I want

1537
01:23:51,540 --> 01:23:51,880
to finish

1538
01:23:51,880 --> 01:23:52,540
on this note.

1539
01:23:53,040 --> 01:23:53,600
Let's suppose

1540
01:23:53,600 --> 01:23:54,300
we don't make

1541
01:23:54,300 --> 01:23:54,900
that choice.

1542
01:23:55,740 --> 01:23:56,240
And let's

1543
01:23:56,240 --> 01:23:56,920
suppose

1544
01:23:56,920 --> 01:23:58,700
hypothetically

1545
01:23:58,700 --> 01:23:59,640
that the

1546
01:23:59,640 --> 01:24:00,240
Earth is hit

1547
01:24:00,240 --> 01:24:00,780
by another

1548
01:24:00,780 --> 01:24:01,520
two or three

1549
01:24:01,520 --> 01:24:02,580
one kilometer

1550
01:24:02,580 --> 01:24:03,840
fragments of

1551
01:24:03,840 --> 01:24:04,440
those objects

1552
01:24:04,440 --> 01:24:04,880
that are up

1553
01:24:04,880 --> 01:24:05,120
in the

1554
01:24:05,120 --> 01:24:05,640
torrid meteor

1555
01:24:05,640 --> 01:24:05,980
stream.

1556
01:24:06,240 --> 01:24:07,100
I don't think

1557
01:24:07,100 --> 01:24:07,580
that our

1558
01:24:07,580 --> 01:24:08,200
civilization

1559
01:24:08,200 --> 01:24:09,960
would survive

1560
01:24:09,960 --> 01:24:11,220
a cataclysm

1561
01:24:11,220 --> 01:24:11,940
on the scale

1562
01:24:11,940 --> 01:24:12,480
of the Younger

1563
01:24:12,480 --> 01:24:13,380
Dryas cataclysm.

1564
01:24:13,780 --> 01:24:14,520
We think

1565
01:24:14,520 --> 01:24:15,000
we're very

1566
01:24:15,000 --> 01:24:15,600
strong.

1567
01:24:16,040 --> 01:24:16,640
We have

1568
01:24:16,640 --> 01:24:17,400
this amazing

1569
01:24:17,400 --> 01:24:18,100
technology.

1570
01:24:18,660 --> 01:24:19,540
We take it

1571
01:24:19,540 --> 01:24:20,420
all incredibly

1572
01:24:20,420 --> 01:24:21,160
for granted.

1573
01:24:21,560 --> 01:24:22,160
But actually,

1574
01:24:22,760 --> 01:24:23,400
think about it.

1575
01:24:23,460 --> 01:24:23,880
It's really

1576
01:24:23,880 --> 01:24:24,600
very fragile.

1577
01:24:25,080 --> 01:24:25,500
How many

1578
01:24:25,500 --> 01:24:25,960
of us

1579
01:24:25,960 --> 01:24:27,000
actually know

1580
01:24:27,000 --> 01:24:27,400
how to

1581
01:24:27,400 --> 01:24:27,760
survive?

1582
01:24:28,060 --> 01:24:28,340
How many

1583
01:24:28,340 --> 01:24:28,600
of us

1584
01:24:28,600 --> 01:24:28,820
have got

1585
01:24:28,820 --> 01:24:29,300
the complete

1586
01:24:29,300 --> 01:24:29,920
suite of

1587
01:24:29,920 --> 01:24:30,820
survival skills?

1588
01:24:31,120 --> 01:24:31,620
If we were

1589
01:24:31,620 --> 01:24:32,200
deprived of

1590
01:24:32,200 --> 01:24:32,680
the support

1591
01:24:32,680 --> 01:24:33,160
system of

1592
01:24:33,160 --> 01:24:33,620
the 20th

1593
01:24:33,620 --> 01:24:33,940
century,

1594
01:24:34,240 --> 01:24:34,660
would we

1595
01:24:34,660 --> 01:24:35,100
make it

1596
01:24:35,100 --> 01:24:35,600
or not?

1597
01:24:35,820 --> 01:24:36,280
It's a

1598
01:24:36,280 --> 01:24:37,200
very complicated,

1599
01:24:37,480 --> 01:24:38,060
integrated,

1600
01:24:38,320 --> 01:24:38,920
interlaced

1601
01:24:38,920 --> 01:24:39,500
system,

1602
01:24:39,900 --> 01:24:40,480
and all the

1603
01:24:40,480 --> 01:24:41,060
bits have to

1604
01:24:41,060 --> 01:24:41,660
join together

1605
01:24:41,660 --> 01:24:42,140
for it to

1606
01:24:42,140 --> 01:24:42,480
work.

1607
01:24:42,920 --> 01:24:43,320
Massive

1608
01:24:43,320 --> 01:24:44,040
comet impacts

1609
01:24:44,040 --> 01:24:44,660
would break

1610
01:24:44,660 --> 01:24:45,320
those bonds,

1611
01:24:45,740 --> 01:24:46,240
and the

1612
01:24:46,240 --> 01:24:46,960
structure of

1613
01:24:46,960 --> 01:24:47,580
our society

1614
01:24:47,580 --> 01:24:48,140
would fall

1615
01:24:48,140 --> 01:24:48,580
apart.

1616
01:24:49,260 --> 01:24:49,560
It would

1617
01:24:49,560 --> 01:24:50,000
be gone.

1618
01:24:50,560 --> 01:24:50,780
Human

1619
01:24:50,780 --> 01:24:51,320
beings would

1620
01:24:51,320 --> 01:24:51,720
survive,

1621
01:24:51,800 --> 01:24:52,020
and I'll

1622
01:24:52,020 --> 01:24:52,420
tell you who

1623
01:24:52,420 --> 01:24:53,420
would really

1624
01:24:53,420 --> 01:24:53,940
survive.

1625
01:24:54,320 --> 01:24:54,680
That would

1626
01:24:54,680 --> 01:24:54,980
be the

1627
01:24:54,980 --> 01:24:55,940
hunter-gatherers

1628
01:24:55,940 --> 01:24:56,760
who still

1629
01:24:56,760 --> 01:24:57,260
live on the

1630
01:24:57,260 --> 01:24:57,760
earth today.

1631
01:24:58,120 --> 01:24:58,280
See,

1632
01:24:58,400 --> 01:24:59,380
these space

1633
01:24:59,380 --> 01:25:01,120
images from

1634
01:25:01,120 --> 01:25:01,440
NASA,

1635
01:25:01,580 --> 01:25:01,880
they're meant

1636
01:25:01,880 --> 01:25:02,340
to show us

1637
01:25:02,340 --> 01:25:03,000
the glories

1638
01:25:03,000 --> 01:25:03,800
of our

1639
01:25:03,800 --> 01:25:04,420
technology.

1640
01:25:05,240 --> 01:25:05,580
So you get

1641
01:25:05,580 --> 01:25:06,440
northern Europe

1642
01:25:06,440 --> 01:25:07,620
and other

1643
01:25:07,620 --> 01:25:08,560
technologically

1644
01:25:08,560 --> 01:25:09,400
advanced areas

1645
01:25:09,400 --> 01:25:10,400
light up like a

1646
01:25:10,400 --> 01:25:11,040
string of jewels

1647
01:25:11,040 --> 01:25:11,820
at night when

1648
01:25:11,820 --> 01:25:12,320
viewed from

1649
01:25:12,320 --> 01:25:12,720
space.

1650
01:25:13,040 --> 01:25:13,480
Oddly enough,

1651
01:25:13,540 --> 01:25:13,900
when you live

1652
01:25:13,900 --> 01:25:14,480
in those cities,

1653
01:25:14,560 --> 01:25:15,000
you can't see

1654
01:25:15,000 --> 01:25:15,580
the sky at

1655
01:25:15,580 --> 01:25:16,640
all because of

1656
01:25:16,640 --> 01:25:17,260
light pollution.

1657
01:25:17,660 --> 01:25:17,920
But from

1658
01:25:17,920 --> 01:25:18,340
space,

1659
01:25:18,460 --> 01:25:18,660
you get all

1660
01:25:18,660 --> 01:25:18,760
this.

1661
01:25:18,760 --> 01:25:19,500
down in

1662
01:25:19,500 --> 01:25:19,980
Africa,

1663
01:25:20,660 --> 01:25:20,900
it's

1664
01:25:20,900 --> 01:25:21,380
completely

1665
01:25:21,380 --> 01:25:23,020
dark because

1666
01:25:23,020 --> 01:25:23,480
there's very

1667
01:25:23,480 --> 01:25:23,780
little

1668
01:25:23,780 --> 01:25:24,660
electrification

1669
01:25:24,660 --> 01:25:25,040
there.

1670
01:25:25,600 --> 01:25:25,860
So this

1671
01:25:25,860 --> 01:25:26,240
is taken

1672
01:25:26,240 --> 01:25:26,620
as a

1673
01:25:26,620 --> 01:25:27,540
signature

1674
01:25:27,540 --> 01:25:28,120
of the

1675
01:25:28,120 --> 01:25:28,500
progress

1676
01:25:28,500 --> 01:25:28,960
of the

1677
01:25:28,960 --> 01:25:29,280
north.

1678
01:25:30,720 --> 01:25:31,060
And then

1679
01:25:31,060 --> 01:25:31,760
the Amazon's

1680
01:25:31,760 --> 01:25:32,240
the same.

1681
01:25:32,340 --> 01:25:32,560
There's

1682
01:25:32,560 --> 01:25:33,260
North America

1683
01:25:33,260 --> 01:25:33,780
glowing,

1684
01:25:34,260 --> 01:25:34,540
and there's

1685
01:25:34,540 --> 01:25:34,900
the Amazon

1686
01:25:34,900 --> 01:25:35,320
Basin,

1687
01:25:35,400 --> 01:25:35,820
completely

1688
01:25:35,820 --> 01:25:36,160
dark.

1689
01:25:36,220 --> 01:25:36,400
And there

1690
01:25:36,400 --> 01:25:37,220
are hunter-gatherers

1691
01:25:37,220 --> 01:25:38,020
in the Amazon

1692
01:25:38,020 --> 01:25:38,420
who actually

1693
01:25:38,420 --> 01:25:38,800
don't even

1694
01:25:38,800 --> 01:25:39,240
know we

1695
01:25:39,240 --> 01:25:39,740
exist.

1696
01:25:41,100 --> 01:25:41,540
Occasionally,

1697
01:25:41,580 --> 01:25:41,820
they might

1698
01:25:41,820 --> 01:25:42,120
see an

1699
01:25:42,120 --> 01:25:42,880
aircraft flying

1700
01:25:42,880 --> 01:25:43,360
overhead and

1701
01:25:43,360 --> 01:25:43,500
think,

1702
01:25:43,600 --> 01:25:43,880
what the

1703
01:25:43,880 --> 01:25:44,280
hell is

1704
01:25:44,280 --> 01:25:44,700
that?

1705
01:25:45,480 --> 01:25:46,120
They don't

1706
01:25:46,120 --> 01:25:46,500
know we

1707
01:25:46,500 --> 01:25:46,860
exist,

1708
01:25:46,860 --> 01:25:47,360
but I'll

1709
01:25:47,360 --> 01:25:47,640
tell you

1710
01:25:47,640 --> 01:25:48,000
this.

1711
01:25:48,420 --> 01:25:49,460
If such

1712
01:25:49,460 --> 01:25:49,580
a

1713
01:25:49,580 --> 01:25:50,060
cataclysm

1714
01:25:50,060 --> 01:25:50,380
were to

1715
01:25:50,380 --> 01:25:50,660
strike

1716
01:25:50,660 --> 01:25:51,080
again,

1717
01:25:51,280 --> 01:25:51,540
our

1718
01:25:51,540 --> 01:25:52,080
civilization

1719
01:25:52,080 --> 01:25:52,680
would be

1720
01:25:52,680 --> 01:25:53,000
gone,

1721
01:25:53,280 --> 01:25:53,740
but these

1722
01:25:53,740 --> 01:25:54,200
guys would

1723
01:25:54,200 --> 01:25:54,580
not be

1724
01:25:54,580 --> 01:25:54,840
gone.

1725
01:25:55,520 --> 01:25:55,760
These

1726
01:25:55,760 --> 01:25:56,300
guys know

1727
01:25:56,300 --> 01:25:56,740
how to

1728
01:25:56,740 --> 01:25:57,120
survive.

1729
01:25:57,340 --> 01:25:57,560
That's

1730
01:25:57,560 --> 01:25:57,820
what it

1731
01:25:57,820 --> 01:25:58,120
is to

1732
01:25:58,120 --> 01:25:58,360
be a

1733
01:25:58,360 --> 01:25:59,000
hunter-gatherer.

1734
01:25:59,060 --> 01:25:59,140
You

1735
01:25:59,140 --> 01:25:59,500
live on

1736
01:25:59,500 --> 01:26:00,000
the land,

1737
01:26:00,000 --> 01:26:01,120
you survive,

1738
01:26:01,540 --> 01:26:02,020
and they

1739
01:26:02,020 --> 01:26:02,620
are masters

1740
01:26:02,620 --> 01:26:03,340
of survival.

1741
01:26:03,980 --> 01:26:05,020
And 10,000

1742
01:26:05,020 --> 01:26:05,660
years from

1743
01:26:05,660 --> 01:26:06,820
now, it

1744
01:26:06,820 --> 01:26:07,180
would be

1745
01:26:07,180 --> 01:26:07,520
their

1746
01:26:07,520 --> 01:26:08,080
descendants

1747
01:26:08,080 --> 01:26:09,160
who tell

1748
01:26:09,160 --> 01:26:09,720
the story

1749
01:26:09,720 --> 01:26:10,380
of humanity.

1750
01:26:11,040 --> 01:26:11,480
And might

1751
01:26:11,480 --> 01:26:11,900
they not

1752
01:26:11,900 --> 01:26:13,600
remember a

1753
01:26:13,600 --> 01:26:15,260
time in

1754
01:26:15,260 --> 01:26:15,880
their myths

1755
01:26:15,880 --> 01:26:17,600
in the

1756
01:26:17,600 --> 01:26:18,560
remote past

1757
01:26:18,560 --> 01:26:19,200
when there

1758
01:26:19,200 --> 01:26:19,520
was a

1759
01:26:19,520 --> 01:26:19,940
great

1760
01:26:19,940 --> 01:26:20,520
civilization

1761
01:26:20,520 --> 01:26:21,080
on this

1762
01:26:21,080 --> 01:26:21,420
planet,

1763
01:26:22,100 --> 01:26:23,020
so advanced

1764
01:26:23,020 --> 01:26:23,420
they had

1765
01:26:23,420 --> 01:26:23,780
almost

1766
01:26:23,780 --> 01:26:24,320
godlike

1767
01:26:24,320 --> 01:26:24,920
powers.

1768
01:26:25,440 --> 01:26:25,720
They could

1769
01:26:25,720 --> 01:26:26,440
even send

1770
01:26:26,440 --> 01:26:26,960
men to

1771
01:26:26,960 --> 01:26:27,560
the moon.

1772
01:26:28,040 --> 01:26:28,320
They could

1773
01:26:28,320 --> 01:26:29,260
fly around

1774
01:26:29,260 --> 01:26:29,720
the planet.

1775
01:26:29,860 --> 01:26:30,060
They could

1776
01:26:30,060 --> 01:26:30,560
talk to

1777
01:26:30,560 --> 01:26:31,000
one another

1778
01:26:31,000 --> 01:26:31,620
on opposite

1779
01:26:31,620 --> 01:26:32,240
sides of

1780
01:26:32,240 --> 01:26:32,660
the earth.

1781
01:26:33,500 --> 01:26:34,320
But they

1782
01:26:34,320 --> 01:26:35,180
became cruel.

1783
01:26:35,640 --> 01:26:36,200
They became

1784
01:26:36,200 --> 01:26:36,660
arrogant.

1785
01:26:37,160 --> 01:26:37,620
They began

1786
01:26:37,620 --> 01:26:38,300
to impose

1787
01:26:38,300 --> 01:26:39,020
their power

1788
01:26:39,020 --> 01:26:39,780
upon others.

1789
01:26:40,300 --> 01:26:40,860
They seek

1790
01:26:40,860 --> 01:26:41,380
to wear

1791
01:26:41,380 --> 01:26:42,180
their prosperity

1792
01:26:42,180 --> 01:26:43,020
with moderation.

1793
01:26:43,020 --> 01:26:44,440
and the

1794
01:26:44,440 --> 01:26:44,960
universe

1795
01:26:44,960 --> 01:26:46,220
struck them

1796
01:26:46,220 --> 01:26:46,540
down.

1797
01:26:47,080 --> 01:26:47,560
Let's

1798
01:26:47,560 --> 01:26:48,180
make sure

1799
01:26:48,180 --> 01:26:48,980
we're not

1800
01:26:48,980 --> 01:26:49,900
the next

1801
01:26:49,900 --> 01:26:50,640
lost

1802
01:26:50,640 --> 01:26:51,460
civilization.

1803
01:26:52,220 --> 01:26:52,820
Thank you,

1804
01:26:52,980 --> 01:26:53,400
ladies and

1805
01:26:53,400 --> 01:26:53,620
gentlemen.

1806
01:26:54,660 --> 01:26:55,140
Thank you.

1807
01:26:55,860 --> 01:26:56,880
Thank you.

1808
01:26:59,560 --> 01:27:00,560
Thank you.

1809
01:27:01,560 --> 01:27:02,400
Thank you.

1810
01:27:02,400 --> 01:27:02,420
Thank you very

1811
01:27:02,420 --> 01:27:02,820
much.

1812
01:27:03,560 --> 01:27:04,520
Thank you.

1813
01:27:05,860 --> 01:27:06,900
Thank you.

1814
01:27:07,800 --> 01:27:08,580
Thank you.

1815
01:27:08,580 --> 01:27:17,300
We seem to

1816
01:27:17,300 --> 01:27:17,880
have 15

1817
01:27:17,880 --> 01:27:18,180
minutes.

1818
01:27:18,340 --> 01:27:18,660
I'm very

1819
01:27:18,660 --> 01:27:19,080
happy to

1820
01:27:19,080 --> 01:27:19,740
take questions

1821
01:27:19,740 --> 01:27:20,620
if the

1822
01:27:20,620 --> 01:27:21,040
organizers

1823
01:27:21,040 --> 01:27:21,580
can feel

1824
01:27:21,580 --> 01:27:21,820
some

1825
01:27:21,820 --> 01:27:22,260
microphones.

1826
01:27:24,780 --> 01:27:25,240
Okay.

1827
01:27:29,040 --> 01:27:29,520
I'm

1828
01:27:29,520 --> 01:27:29,920
thrilled to

1829
01:27:29,920 --> 01:27:30,520
have Q&A

1830
01:27:30,520 --> 01:27:30,840
too.

1831
01:27:31,200 --> 01:27:31,420
I would

1832
01:27:31,420 --> 01:27:31,700
like you

1833
01:27:31,700 --> 01:27:31,920
to have

1834
01:27:31,920 --> 01:27:32,060
a

1835
01:27:32,060 --> 01:27:32,460
microphone.

1836
01:27:33,460 --> 01:27:34,080
Do we

1837
01:27:34,080 --> 01:27:34,360
have a

1838
01:27:34,360 --> 01:27:34,660
roving

1839
01:27:34,660 --> 01:27:35,060
mic?

1840
01:27:35,240 --> 01:27:35,640
I have

1841
01:27:35,640 --> 01:27:35,980
a live

1842
01:27:35,980 --> 01:27:36,300
mic.

1843
01:27:36,300 --> 01:27:38,260
It should

1844
01:27:38,260 --> 01:27:38,560
be on

1845
01:27:38,560 --> 01:27:38,940
its way

1846
01:27:38,940 --> 01:27:39,140
over

1847
01:27:39,140 --> 01:27:39,580
here.

1848
01:27:45,760 --> 01:27:46,420
I think

1849
01:27:46,420 --> 01:27:46,720
he was

1850
01:27:46,720 --> 01:27:47,120
first.

1851
01:27:48,300 --> 01:27:48,440
Oh,

1852
01:27:48,500 --> 01:27:48,620
here.

1853
01:27:50,300 --> 01:27:50,740
Testing.

1854
01:27:51,620 --> 01:27:52,000
Can I

1855
01:27:52,000 --> 01:27:52,780
ask a

1856
01:27:52,780 --> 01:27:53,180
question?

1857
01:27:54,700 --> 01:27:55,300
Can I

1858
01:27:55,300 --> 01:27:55,600
ask a

1859
01:27:55,600 --> 01:27:56,020
question?

1860
01:27:56,280 --> 01:27:56,740
Ask a

1861
01:27:56,740 --> 01:27:57,100
question.

1862
01:27:57,240 --> 01:27:57,700
About the

1863
01:27:57,700 --> 01:27:58,100
bags.

1864
01:27:58,220 --> 01:27:58,440
What do

1865
01:27:58,440 --> 01:27:58,860
you think

1866
01:27:58,860 --> 01:27:59,820
they were

1867
01:27:59,820 --> 01:28:00,800
used for?

1868
01:28:01,060 --> 01:28:01,280
Their

1869
01:28:01,280 --> 01:28:01,760
stash.

1870
01:28:01,760 --> 01:28:05,640
I'm

1871
01:28:05,640 --> 01:28:05,920
partly

1872
01:28:05,920 --> 01:28:06,500
serious.

1873
01:28:06,720 --> 01:28:07,380
Just one

1874
01:28:07,380 --> 01:28:07,640
quick

1875
01:28:07,640 --> 01:28:08,100
announcement.

1876
01:28:08,360 --> 01:28:08,540
An

1877
01:28:08,540 --> 01:28:09,300
iPhone was

1878
01:28:09,300 --> 01:28:09,800
found in

1879
01:28:09,800 --> 01:28:10,020
the

1880
01:28:10,020 --> 01:28:10,680
restroom.

1881
01:28:11,100 --> 01:28:11,260
What?

1882
01:28:12,460 --> 01:28:13,060
A picture

1883
01:28:13,060 --> 01:28:13,280
of a

1884
01:28:13,280 --> 01:28:13,860
black dog

1885
01:28:13,860 --> 01:28:14,340
on it if

1886
01:28:14,340 --> 01:28:14,460
you're

1887
01:28:14,460 --> 01:28:14,820
missing an

1888
01:28:14,820 --> 01:28:15,080
iPhone.

1889
01:28:15,940 --> 01:28:16,180
Sorry,

1890
01:28:16,240 --> 01:28:16,480
I don't

1891
01:28:16,480 --> 01:28:16,940
hear you.

1892
01:28:19,280 --> 01:28:19,720
Scuba

1893
01:28:19,720 --> 01:28:20,400
diving wrecked

1894
01:28:20,400 --> 01:28:20,780
my left

1895
01:28:20,780 --> 01:28:21,040
ear.

1896
01:28:22,180 --> 01:28:22,760
You're so

1897
01:28:22,760 --> 01:28:23,140
kind, I

1898
01:28:23,140 --> 01:28:23,380
thought I

1899
01:28:23,380 --> 01:28:23,620
was going

1900
01:28:23,620 --> 01:28:23,760
to have

1901
01:28:23,760 --> 01:28:24,020
to come

1902
01:28:24,020 --> 01:28:24,300
to you.

1903
01:28:24,820 --> 01:28:25,440
This is

1904
01:28:25,440 --> 01:28:26,120
the first

1905
01:28:26,120 --> 01:28:27,460
time I

1906
01:28:27,460 --> 01:28:28,540
participated

1907
01:28:28,540 --> 01:28:29,140
in a

1908
01:28:29,140 --> 01:28:29,760
Q&A,

1909
01:28:29,860 --> 01:28:30,220
which is

1910
01:28:30,220 --> 01:28:30,680
sorely

1911
01:28:30,680 --> 01:28:31,040
needed

1912
01:28:31,040 --> 01:28:31,360
after

1913
01:28:31,360 --> 01:28:31,960
every

1914
01:28:31,960 --> 01:28:32,920
presentation.

1915
01:28:33,500 --> 01:28:33,900
Thank

1916
01:28:33,900 --> 01:28:34,440
you so

1917
01:28:34,440 --> 01:28:34,920
much for

1918
01:28:34,920 --> 01:28:35,120
your

1919
01:28:35,120 --> 01:28:35,900
brilliance.

1920
01:28:37,000 --> 01:28:37,440
You

1921
01:28:37,440 --> 01:28:38,340
are the

1922
01:28:38,340 --> 01:28:38,540
most

1923
01:28:38,540 --> 01:28:39,000
incredible

1924
01:28:39,000 --> 01:28:39,420
human

1925
01:28:39,420 --> 01:28:39,820
being.

1926
01:28:41,360 --> 01:28:41,720
You

1927
01:28:41,720 --> 01:28:42,100
are

1928
01:28:42,100 --> 01:28:43,220
articulate,

1929
01:28:43,820 --> 01:28:44,640
but you

1930
01:28:44,640 --> 01:28:44,860
are

1931
01:28:44,860 --> 01:28:45,500
literate,

1932
01:28:46,020 --> 01:28:46,520
and your

1933
01:28:46,520 --> 01:28:47,080
texts,

1934
01:28:47,360 --> 01:28:47,860
whether they

1935
01:28:47,860 --> 01:28:48,540
be fiction

1936
01:28:48,540 --> 01:28:49,520
or not,

1937
01:28:49,900 --> 01:28:50,480
are just

1938
01:28:50,480 --> 01:28:51,280
so well

1939
01:28:51,280 --> 01:28:51,620
written.

1940
01:28:52,160 --> 01:28:52,540
Here's my

1941
01:28:52,540 --> 01:28:52,920
question.

1942
01:28:54,040 --> 01:28:54,680
Thank

1943
01:28:54,680 --> 01:28:54,900
you.

1944
01:28:55,020 --> 01:28:55,320
I've been

1945
01:28:55,320 --> 01:28:55,880
waiting for

1946
01:28:55,880 --> 01:28:56,580
two decades

1947
01:28:56,580 --> 01:28:57,140
to tell

1948
01:28:57,140 --> 01:28:57,460
you that.

1949
01:28:58,360 --> 01:28:58,660
Okay,

1950
01:28:58,840 --> 01:28:59,240
here's the

1951
01:28:59,240 --> 01:28:59,640
question.

1952
01:28:59,640 --> 01:29:00,240
At

1953
01:29:00,240 --> 01:29:00,740
Gobekli

1954
01:29:00,740 --> 01:29:01,040
Tepe,

1955
01:29:01,140 --> 01:29:01,480
they have

1956
01:29:01,480 --> 01:29:02,060
the famous

1957
01:29:02,060 --> 01:29:03,660
T columns.

1958
01:29:04,160 --> 01:29:04,280
Yeah.

1959
01:29:05,020 --> 01:29:05,700
In the

1960
01:29:05,700 --> 01:29:06,220
American

1961
01:29:06,220 --> 01:29:07,120
Southwest,

1962
01:29:08,120 --> 01:29:08,640
they have

1963
01:29:08,640 --> 01:29:09,280
the same

1964
01:29:09,280 --> 01:29:10,060
exact

1965
01:29:10,060 --> 01:29:10,820
shape

1966
01:29:10,820 --> 01:29:11,960
as a

1967
01:29:11,960 --> 01:29:12,860
doorway.

1968
01:29:13,480 --> 01:29:13,820
Yes,

1969
01:29:13,980 --> 01:29:14,240
I've

1970
01:29:14,240 --> 01:29:14,480
noticed

1971
01:29:14,480 --> 01:29:14,800
that.

1972
01:29:14,920 --> 01:29:15,320
What

1973
01:29:15,320 --> 01:29:16,180
is the

1974
01:29:16,180 --> 01:29:16,740
connection?

1975
01:29:16,940 --> 01:29:17,300
That's my

1976
01:29:17,300 --> 01:29:17,660
question.

1977
01:29:17,820 --> 01:29:18,040
Well,

1978
01:29:18,380 --> 01:29:18,600
I'm

1979
01:29:18,600 --> 01:29:19,600
honestly

1980
01:29:19,600 --> 01:29:20,240
not sure

1981
01:29:20,240 --> 01:29:20,580
what the

1982
01:29:20,580 --> 01:29:20,880
connection

1983
01:29:20,880 --> 01:29:21,120
is,

1984
01:29:21,180 --> 01:29:21,480
but when

1985
01:29:21,480 --> 01:29:21,920
we find

1986
01:29:21,920 --> 01:29:22,540
the same

1987
01:29:22,540 --> 01:29:23,460
symbolism

1988
01:29:23,460 --> 01:29:24,560
appearing in

1989
01:29:24,560 --> 01:29:25,120
many different

1990
01:29:25,120 --> 01:29:25,520
parts of

1991
01:29:25,520 --> 01:29:25,820
the world,

1992
01:29:25,900 --> 01:29:26,400
we can be

1993
01:29:26,400 --> 01:29:26,820
sure that

1994
01:29:26,820 --> 01:29:27,200
something's

1995
01:29:27,200 --> 01:29:27,680
missing from

1996
01:29:27,680 --> 01:29:28,160
the story.

1997
01:29:28,800 --> 01:29:29,040
There's

1998
01:29:29,040 --> 01:29:29,560
something

1999
01:29:29,560 --> 01:29:30,300
missing which

2000
01:29:30,300 --> 01:29:31,180
explains all

2001
01:29:31,180 --> 01:29:31,900
the dots that

2002
01:29:31,900 --> 01:29:32,760
are apparently

2003
01:29:32,760 --> 01:29:33,520
not connected.

2004
01:29:35,020 --> 01:29:35,780
Are we

2005
01:29:35,780 --> 01:29:36,640
talking about

2006
01:29:36,640 --> 01:29:37,660
maybe an

2007
01:29:37,660 --> 01:29:38,920
unconscious mind

2008
01:29:38,920 --> 01:29:39,500
of the

2009
01:29:39,500 --> 01:29:40,540
species that's

2010
01:29:40,540 --> 01:29:41,400
archetypal

2011
01:29:41,400 --> 01:29:42,500
in symbology?

2012
01:29:42,720 --> 01:29:43,140
I don't think

2013
01:29:43,140 --> 01:29:43,320
so.

2014
01:29:43,400 --> 01:29:43,860
I think we're

2015
01:29:43,860 --> 01:29:44,400
talking about

2016
01:29:44,400 --> 01:29:45,280
the dissemination

2017
01:29:45,280 --> 01:29:46,320
of ideas and

2018
01:29:46,320 --> 01:29:46,660
knowledge.

2019
01:29:46,900 --> 01:29:48,260
Thank you.

2020
01:29:48,480 --> 01:29:48,900
Thank you.

2021
01:29:49,360 --> 01:29:49,700
Are there

2022
01:29:49,700 --> 01:29:50,000
any other

2023
01:29:50,000 --> 01:29:50,460
questions?

2024
01:29:56,180 --> 01:29:56,740
Hi,

2025
01:29:56,820 --> 01:29:57,080
Graham.

2026
01:29:57,280 --> 01:29:57,520
Hi.

2027
01:29:58,720 --> 01:29:59,240
You've

2028
01:29:59,240 --> 01:29:59,600
been my

2029
01:29:59,600 --> 01:30:00,220
inspiration

2030
01:30:00,220 --> 01:30:01,600
on my

2031
01:30:01,600 --> 01:30:02,260
research,

2032
01:30:03,140 --> 01:30:03,980
and I'm

2033
01:30:03,980 --> 01:30:04,280
here with

2034
01:30:04,280 --> 01:30:04,760
a message

2035
01:30:04,760 --> 01:30:05,440
of doom

2036
01:30:05,440 --> 01:30:06,040
and gloom.

2037
01:30:06,880 --> 01:30:08,140
And basically

2038
01:30:08,140 --> 01:30:10,520
what I've

2039
01:30:10,520 --> 01:30:10,840
found,

2040
01:30:10,980 --> 01:30:11,540
and you

2041
01:30:11,540 --> 01:30:12,000
have this

2042
01:30:12,000 --> 01:30:12,500
material,

2043
01:30:12,640 --> 01:30:12,820
and I

2044
01:30:12,820 --> 01:30:13,160
have it

2045
01:30:13,160 --> 01:30:13,560
for others,

2046
01:30:13,940 --> 01:30:14,580
is that the

2047
01:30:14,580 --> 01:30:15,080
Ice Age

2048
01:30:15,080 --> 01:30:16,620
civilization was

2049
01:30:16,620 --> 01:30:17,320
probably under

2050
01:30:17,320 --> 01:30:18,400
the rule of

2051
01:30:18,400 --> 01:30:18,780
the large

2052
01:30:18,780 --> 01:30:19,700
brain hominid,

2053
01:30:20,400 --> 01:30:21,460
homocupensis,

2054
01:30:21,760 --> 01:30:22,520
or something

2055
01:30:22,520 --> 01:30:23,220
like that,

2056
01:30:23,600 --> 01:30:24,160
with a high

2057
01:30:24,160 --> 01:30:24,660
IQ.

2058
01:30:24,940 --> 01:30:25,300
Lynch and

2059
01:30:25,300 --> 01:30:26,580
Granger gave

2060
01:30:26,580 --> 01:30:27,060
it an average

2061
01:30:27,060 --> 01:30:28,740
IQ of 149,

2062
01:30:29,420 --> 01:30:30,880
10% at 180.

2063
01:30:32,040 --> 01:30:32,820
And I pursued

2064
01:30:32,820 --> 01:30:33,700
this all through

2065
01:30:33,700 --> 01:30:34,760
the wreckage

2066
01:30:34,760 --> 01:30:36,020
of our

2067
01:30:36,020 --> 01:30:36,640
civilization.

2068
01:30:36,800 --> 01:30:37,180
Why is

2069
01:30:37,180 --> 01:30:37,800
everything a

2070
01:30:37,800 --> 01:30:38,120
mess?

2071
01:30:38,700 --> 01:30:39,260
Why is

2072
01:30:39,260 --> 01:30:40,120
everything upside

2073
01:30:40,120 --> 01:30:40,680
down?

2074
01:30:40,680 --> 01:30:41,000
Right.

2075
01:30:41,300 --> 01:30:41,880
That was the

2076
01:30:41,880 --> 01:30:42,840
way I went

2077
01:30:42,840 --> 01:30:43,280
at it.

2078
01:30:43,700 --> 01:30:44,440
And I finally

2079
01:30:44,440 --> 01:30:47,000
encountered the

2080
01:30:47,000 --> 01:30:47,660
breakaway

2081
01:30:47,660 --> 01:30:48,420
civilization,

2082
01:30:49,360 --> 01:30:49,800
which is

2083
01:30:49,800 --> 01:30:50,260
important.

2084
01:30:50,500 --> 01:30:51,680
400 more

2085
01:30:51,680 --> 01:30:52,740
trillion dollars

2086
01:30:52,740 --> 01:30:53,880
have been

2087
01:30:53,880 --> 01:30:54,920
embezzled

2088
01:30:54,920 --> 01:30:55,800
from the

2089
01:30:55,800 --> 01:30:56,420
United States

2090
01:30:56,420 --> 01:30:56,840
and everywhere

2091
01:30:56,840 --> 01:30:57,400
else,

2092
01:30:57,780 --> 01:30:58,280
and built a

2093
01:30:58,280 --> 01:30:59,140
secret space

2094
01:30:59,140 --> 01:30:59,600
program,

2095
01:31:00,020 --> 01:31:00,460
which is,

2096
01:31:00,600 --> 01:31:00,800
of course,

2097
01:31:00,900 --> 01:31:01,560
covered up by

2098
01:31:01,560 --> 01:31:02,200
all sorts of

2099
01:31:02,200 --> 01:31:02,600
nonsense.

2100
01:31:03,280 --> 01:31:04,040
But it also

2101
01:31:04,040 --> 01:31:05,840
built underground

2102
01:31:05,840 --> 01:31:06,880
facilities,

2103
01:31:07,300 --> 01:31:07,840
and under

2104
01:31:07,840 --> 01:31:08,800
ocean floor

2105
01:31:08,800 --> 01:31:09,200
facilities,

2106
01:31:09,200 --> 01:31:09,960
more than

2107
01:31:09,960 --> 01:31:11,000
three miles

2108
01:31:11,000 --> 01:31:11,480
deep.

2109
01:31:12,060 --> 01:31:12,960
So somebody's

2110
01:31:12,960 --> 01:31:13,480
ready for

2111
01:31:13,480 --> 01:31:13,900
something.

2112
01:31:14,620 --> 01:31:15,060
And then it

2113
01:31:15,060 --> 01:31:15,920
turns out that

2114
01:31:15,920 --> 01:31:16,660
physics has

2115
01:31:16,660 --> 01:31:17,340
been totally

2116
01:31:17,340 --> 01:31:18,120
wrecked by

2117
01:31:18,120 --> 01:31:18,660
Einstein.

2118
01:31:19,280 --> 01:31:19,760
And we're

2119
01:31:19,760 --> 01:31:22,040
essentially 100

2120
01:31:22,040 --> 01:31:23,220
years behind in

2121
01:31:23,220 --> 01:31:23,620
physics.

2122
01:31:24,040 --> 01:31:24,920
So the secret

2123
01:31:24,920 --> 01:31:25,860
space program

2124
01:31:25,860 --> 01:31:27,640
seems to have

2125
01:31:27,640 --> 01:31:28,860
UFOs that are

2126
01:31:28,860 --> 01:31:29,420
gigantic,

2127
01:31:29,680 --> 01:31:31,480
300 feet more

2128
01:31:31,480 --> 01:31:32,600
in diameter,

2129
01:31:32,920 --> 01:31:33,880
and can go

2130
01:31:33,880 --> 01:31:34,340
anywhere,

2131
01:31:34,700 --> 01:31:35,720
operating by

2132
01:31:35,720 --> 01:31:36,860
non-Newtonian

2133
01:31:36,860 --> 01:31:38,100
principles.

2134
01:31:38,760 --> 01:31:39,600
And it seems

2135
01:31:39,600 --> 01:31:40,580
that it's likely

2136
01:31:40,580 --> 01:31:42,180
that they've

2137
01:31:42,180 --> 01:31:43,960
gone up and

2138
01:31:43,960 --> 01:31:45,100
redirected comet

2139
01:31:45,100 --> 01:31:46,520
fragments to

2140
01:31:46,520 --> 01:31:47,220
take us out,

2141
01:31:47,300 --> 01:31:48,140
because I don't

2142
01:31:48,140 --> 01:31:49,180
think that the

2143
01:31:49,180 --> 01:31:49,620
Ice Age

2144
01:31:49,620 --> 01:31:51,780
civilization appreciates

2145
01:31:51,780 --> 01:31:52,400
what we've done

2146
01:31:52,400 --> 01:31:53,000
on the planet.

2147
01:31:53,360 --> 01:31:54,080
And this is

2148
01:31:54,080 --> 01:31:54,800
written up in

2149
01:31:54,800 --> 01:31:57,180
Veterans Today,

2150
01:31:57,260 --> 01:31:57,820
and you have the

2151
01:31:57,820 --> 01:31:58,120
material.

2152
01:31:58,320 --> 01:31:59,000
Thank you for

2153
01:31:59,000 --> 01:32:00,080
that contribution.

2154
01:32:00,240 --> 01:32:00,900
I really appreciate

2155
01:32:00,900 --> 01:32:01,140
it.

2156
01:32:01,140 --> 01:32:02,060
Here's the next

2157
01:32:02,060 --> 01:32:02,380
gentleman.

2158
01:32:02,380 --> 01:32:05,340
Yeah, you

2159
01:32:05,340 --> 01:32:05,840
raised the

2160
01:32:05,840 --> 01:32:06,400
question of

2161
01:32:06,400 --> 01:32:07,240
human origins,

2162
01:32:07,600 --> 01:32:08,220
and you

2163
01:32:08,220 --> 01:32:09,520
mentioned you

2164
01:32:09,520 --> 01:32:10,620
believe in UFOs

2165
01:32:10,620 --> 01:32:11,200
and that sort of

2166
01:32:11,200 --> 01:32:11,680
thing, but the

2167
01:32:11,680 --> 01:32:12,240
question that

2168
01:32:12,240 --> 01:32:12,340
essentially...

2169
01:32:12,340 --> 01:32:13,100
I'd be daft not

2170
01:32:13,100 --> 01:32:13,660
to believe in

2171
01:32:13,660 --> 01:32:14,200
them, because the

2172
01:32:14,200 --> 01:32:15,000
phenomenon is so

2173
01:32:15,000 --> 01:32:15,800
widespread, yeah.

2174
01:32:16,120 --> 01:32:16,360
Right.

2175
01:32:16,580 --> 01:32:17,920
But in terms of

2176
01:32:17,920 --> 01:32:19,700
human origins, how

2177
01:32:19,700 --> 01:32:20,620
did we get here?

2178
01:32:20,820 --> 01:32:21,760
How far back does

2179
01:32:21,760 --> 01:32:22,200
it go?

2180
01:32:22,200 --> 01:32:24,420
Well, what I'm

2181
01:32:24,420 --> 01:32:25,080
here today to

2182
01:32:25,080 --> 01:32:26,560
say is that

2183
01:32:26,560 --> 01:32:27,440
based on my

2184
01:32:27,440 --> 01:32:28,860
25 years of

2185
01:32:28,860 --> 01:32:29,780
exploring ancient

2186
01:32:29,780 --> 01:32:30,840
archaeological sites,

2187
01:32:31,660 --> 01:32:32,440
I see no

2188
01:32:32,440 --> 01:32:33,120
evidence for

2189
01:32:33,120 --> 01:32:33,640
anything that

2190
01:32:33,640 --> 01:32:34,340
could only be

2191
01:32:34,340 --> 01:32:35,160
explained by an

2192
01:32:35,160 --> 01:32:35,980
alien civilization.

2193
01:32:36,620 --> 01:32:37,440
I see evidence

2194
01:32:37,440 --> 01:32:38,160
for a more

2195
01:32:38,160 --> 01:32:38,940
advanced human

2196
01:32:38,940 --> 01:32:40,600
civilization at

2197
01:32:40,600 --> 01:32:41,240
work, but doing

2198
01:32:41,240 --> 01:32:41,940
the same kind of

2199
01:32:41,940 --> 01:32:42,640
things we do,

2200
01:32:42,900 --> 01:32:43,340
perhaps in

2201
01:32:43,340 --> 01:32:43,860
different ways.

2202
01:32:44,000 --> 01:32:46,120
However, that's

2203
01:32:46,120 --> 01:32:47,120
why I think that

2204
01:32:47,120 --> 01:32:47,780
the whole ancient

2205
01:32:47,780 --> 01:32:48,820
astronaut argument

2206
01:32:48,820 --> 01:32:50,220
is a diversion.

2207
01:32:51,080 --> 01:32:51,900
I don't think

2208
01:32:51,900 --> 01:32:52,540
any ancient

2209
01:32:52,540 --> 01:32:53,280
site provides

2210
01:32:53,280 --> 01:32:53,880
good evidence.

2211
01:32:54,500 --> 01:32:56,040
If, hi Rob, if

2212
01:32:56,040 --> 01:32:58,300
there was any

2213
01:32:58,300 --> 01:32:59,340
alien intervention

2214
01:32:59,340 --> 01:32:59,960
in the human

2215
01:32:59,960 --> 01:33:01,060
story, I would

2216
01:33:01,060 --> 01:33:02,000
take it right back

2217
01:33:02,000 --> 01:33:02,540
to the beginnings

2218
01:33:02,540 --> 01:33:03,140
of life on

2219
01:33:03,140 --> 01:33:04,400
Earth, right back

2220
01:33:04,400 --> 01:33:05,200
to the first

2221
01:33:05,200 --> 01:33:06,840
appearance of

2222
01:33:06,840 --> 01:33:07,540
life on Earth.

2223
01:33:08,100 --> 01:33:08,700
The possibility

2224
01:33:08,700 --> 01:33:09,360
of genetic

2225
01:33:09,360 --> 01:33:10,400
manipulation being

2226
01:33:10,400 --> 01:33:11,180
involved in that

2227
01:33:11,180 --> 01:33:11,880
is extremely

2228
01:33:11,880 --> 01:33:12,360
high.

2229
01:33:12,880 --> 01:33:13,580
Francis Crick,

2230
01:33:13,740 --> 01:33:14,740
the discoverer of

2231
01:33:14,740 --> 01:33:16,040
the double helix,

2232
01:33:16,420 --> 01:33:17,400
was himself of the

2233
01:33:17,400 --> 01:33:18,200
view that we are

2234
01:33:18,200 --> 01:33:18,840
the result of

2235
01:33:18,840 --> 01:33:19,680
directed span

2236
01:33:19,680 --> 01:33:21,080
spermia, that the

2237
01:33:21,080 --> 01:33:22,920
DNA, RNA system

2238
01:33:22,920 --> 01:33:24,160
was sent here in

2239
01:33:24,160 --> 01:33:25,320
bacteria, which

2240
01:33:25,320 --> 01:33:26,300
then began to

2241
01:33:26,300 --> 01:33:26,880
evolve.

2242
01:33:27,600 --> 01:33:28,240
There are highly

2243
01:33:28,240 --> 01:33:29,240
conserved segments

2244
01:33:29,240 --> 01:33:30,520
of DNA in which

2245
01:33:30,520 --> 01:33:30,940
it would be

2246
01:33:30,940 --> 01:33:31,740
possible to write

2247
01:33:31,740 --> 01:33:32,400
information.

2248
01:33:33,520 --> 01:33:34,600
DNA is an amazing

2249
01:33:34,600 --> 01:33:36,380
storage device for

2250
01:33:36,380 --> 01:33:36,800
data.

2251
01:33:37,640 --> 01:33:38,420
And in my

2252
01:33:38,420 --> 01:33:39,400
workshop, I'll be

2253
01:33:39,400 --> 01:33:40,040
going into the

2254
01:33:40,040 --> 01:33:40,980
implications of all

2255
01:33:40,980 --> 01:33:41,320
of this.

2256
01:33:42,040 --> 01:33:43,200
There could indeed

2257
01:33:43,200 --> 01:33:44,640
be alien intervention

2258
01:33:44,640 --> 01:33:46,120
in the creation of

2259
01:33:46,120 --> 01:33:46,960
life on Earth, but

2260
01:33:46,960 --> 01:33:48,600
more recently, I don't

2261
01:33:48,600 --> 01:33:49,420
see it myself.

2262
01:33:51,020 --> 01:33:51,580
Thank you.

2263
01:33:55,240 --> 01:33:56,080
How did you get

2264
01:33:56,080 --> 01:33:57,020
the date for the

2265
01:33:57,020 --> 01:33:58,780
start of the

2266
01:33:58,780 --> 01:33:59,620
Younger Dryas, and

2267
01:33:59,620 --> 01:34:00,400
is it correlated

2268
01:34:00,400 --> 01:34:01,220
across the globe?

2269
01:34:01,800 --> 01:34:02,060
Yes.

2270
01:34:02,200 --> 01:34:02,700
The start of the

2271
01:34:02,700 --> 01:34:03,900
Younger Dryas is

2272
01:34:03,900 --> 01:34:08,160
firmly established.

2273
01:34:08,400 --> 01:34:09,000
It's within

2274
01:34:09,000 --> 01:34:10,180
carbon dating

2275
01:34:10,180 --> 01:34:10,960
framework.

2276
01:34:11,180 --> 01:34:11,800
You can't carbon

2277
01:34:11,800 --> 01:34:12,860
date beyond 50,000

2278
01:34:12,860 --> 01:34:13,440
years ago, but

2279
01:34:13,440 --> 01:34:14,680
12,800 years ago

2280
01:34:14,680 --> 01:34:15,440
is really easy.

2281
01:34:15,440 --> 01:34:17,860
The data is in the

2282
01:34:17,860 --> 01:34:18,520
Younger Dryas

2283
01:34:18,520 --> 01:34:19,460
boundary, which is

2284
01:34:19,460 --> 01:34:20,180
all around the

2285
01:34:20,180 --> 01:34:20,400
world.

2286
01:34:20,500 --> 01:34:21,340
It's in Belgium, it's

2287
01:34:21,340 --> 01:34:22,500
in America, it's

2288
01:34:22,500 --> 01:34:23,840
in Syria, it's all

2289
01:34:23,840 --> 01:34:24,460
over the place.

2290
01:34:24,540 --> 01:34:25,460
It all contains the

2291
01:34:25,460 --> 01:34:27,160
same impact

2292
01:34:27,160 --> 01:34:28,660
proxies, and the

2293
01:34:28,660 --> 01:34:29,340
dating is very

2294
01:34:29,340 --> 01:34:29,640
firm.

2295
01:34:32,140 --> 01:34:32,580
Yeah.

2296
01:34:32,760 --> 01:34:33,760
The sediment

2297
01:34:33,760 --> 01:34:34,620
layer of the

2298
01:34:34,620 --> 01:34:36,620
Mirai on Easter

2299
01:34:36,620 --> 01:34:37,640
Island, does that

2300
01:34:37,640 --> 01:34:38,720
sediment correlate

2301
01:34:38,720 --> 01:34:39,360
with the Younger

2302
01:34:39,360 --> 01:34:39,700
Dryas?

2303
01:34:40,380 --> 01:34:41,260
The work hasn't

2304
01:34:41,260 --> 01:34:42,160
been done, so we

2305
01:34:42,160 --> 01:34:42,520
don't know.

2306
01:34:42,680 --> 01:34:43,300
It's just very

2307
01:34:43,300 --> 01:34:44,120
odd that there's so

2308
01:34:44,120 --> 01:34:45,200
much of it if it

2309
01:34:45,200 --> 01:34:45,960
all happened in

2310
01:34:45,960 --> 01:34:47,360
700 years, but

2311
01:34:47,360 --> 01:34:48,140
it's a good one to

2312
01:34:48,140 --> 01:34:49,060
look into, and I

2313
01:34:49,060 --> 01:34:49,600
think Shock will

2314
01:34:49,600 --> 01:34:50,220
look into that.

2315
01:34:50,960 --> 01:34:51,060
Yeah.

2316
01:34:51,240 --> 01:34:51,500
Hi.

2317
01:34:51,880 --> 01:34:52,740
I read your

2318
01:34:52,740 --> 01:34:53,200
books, they're

2319
01:34:53,200 --> 01:34:53,520
great.

2320
01:34:54,060 --> 01:34:54,880
I really enjoy

2321
01:34:54,880 --> 01:34:55,320
your work.

2322
01:34:55,540 --> 01:34:56,160
I really enjoy

2323
01:34:56,160 --> 01:34:56,620
your work.

2324
01:34:56,700 --> 01:34:57,060
Thank you.

2325
01:34:57,140 --> 01:34:57,700
I want to tell

2326
01:34:57,700 --> 01:34:58,420
you, what do you

2327
01:34:58,420 --> 01:34:59,460
think about, I

2328
01:34:59,460 --> 01:35:00,100
heard that there's

2329
01:35:00,100 --> 01:35:00,940
a brown dwarf

2330
01:35:00,940 --> 01:35:02,080
planet coming our

2331
01:35:02,080 --> 01:35:02,940
way with five

2332
01:35:02,940 --> 01:35:04,020
satellites around

2333
01:35:04,020 --> 01:35:04,280
it.

2334
01:35:04,960 --> 01:35:05,320
It's not coming

2335
01:35:05,320 --> 01:35:05,780
our way.

2336
01:35:06,460 --> 01:35:07,860
If there is a

2337
01:35:07,860 --> 01:35:08,600
planet nine out

2338
01:35:08,600 --> 01:35:09,040
there, and it

2339
01:35:09,040 --> 01:35:09,600
looks like there

2340
01:35:09,600 --> 01:35:11,040
is, it's on a

2341
01:35:11,040 --> 01:35:12,460
10,000 to 20,000

2342
01:35:12,460 --> 01:35:13,040
year orbit.

2343
01:35:13,040 --> 01:35:13,780
Right, but

2344
01:35:13,780 --> 01:35:15,200
it's supposedly

2345
01:35:15,200 --> 01:35:16,280
every 3,600

2346
01:35:16,280 --> 01:35:17,100
years it comes

2347
01:35:17,100 --> 01:35:17,260
around.

2348
01:35:18,220 --> 01:35:19,460
No, not

2349
01:35:19,460 --> 01:35:20,500
that one.

2350
01:35:20,680 --> 01:35:21,060
I mean, there

2351
01:35:21,060 --> 01:35:23,320
is this periodicity

2352
01:35:23,320 --> 01:35:24,620
of the entire

2353
01:35:24,620 --> 01:35:25,400
orbit of the

2354
01:35:25,400 --> 01:35:26,140
solar system

2355
01:35:26,140 --> 01:35:26,840
around the

2356
01:35:26,840 --> 01:35:27,180
galactic

2357
01:35:27,180 --> 01:35:28,420
center with

2358
01:35:28,420 --> 01:35:29,480
passages up

2359
01:35:29,480 --> 01:35:29,900
and down

2360
01:35:29,900 --> 01:35:30,360
through the

2361
01:35:30,360 --> 01:35:30,700
galactic

2362
01:35:30,700 --> 01:35:32,180
plane where

2363
01:35:32,180 --> 01:35:33,220
we encounter

2364
01:35:33,220 --> 01:35:34,300
gravitational

2365
01:35:34,300 --> 01:35:35,140
disturbances

2366
01:35:35,140 --> 01:35:35,720
that affect

2367
01:35:35,720 --> 01:35:36,400
the population

2368
01:35:36,400 --> 01:35:36,980
of comets.

2369
01:35:37,340 --> 01:35:37,720
That's for

2370
01:35:37,720 --> 01:35:37,940
sure.

2371
01:35:37,940 --> 01:35:38,760
but this

2372
01:35:38,760 --> 01:35:40,140
very likely

2373
01:35:40,140 --> 01:35:40,820
additional

2374
01:35:40,820 --> 01:35:42,080
planet in

2375
01:35:42,080 --> 01:35:42,660
that has

2376
01:35:42,660 --> 01:35:43,240
been grabbed

2377
01:35:43,240 --> 01:35:43,780
by our

2378
01:35:43,780 --> 01:35:45,380
sun is not

2379
01:35:45,380 --> 01:35:45,980
involved in

2380
01:35:45,980 --> 01:35:46,560
that process.

2381
01:35:46,680 --> 01:35:47,560
It's on the

2382
01:35:47,560 --> 01:35:48,000
same journey

2383
01:35:48,000 --> 01:35:48,440
we are.

2384
01:35:52,780 --> 01:35:53,300
No.

2385
01:35:53,300 --> 01:35:53,360
No.

2386
01:35:53,360 --> 01:36:17,220
what I'm

2387
01:36:17,220 --> 01:36:17,920
saying is

2388
01:36:17,920 --> 01:36:19,360
that so the

2389
01:36:19,360 --> 01:36:19,980
question is

2390
01:36:19,980 --> 01:36:20,760
about the

2391
01:36:20,760 --> 01:36:21,380
precession of

2392
01:36:21,380 --> 01:36:22,080
the equinoxes

2393
01:36:22,080 --> 01:36:22,520
and do I

2394
01:36:22,520 --> 01:36:23,400
feel that it's

2395
01:36:23,400 --> 01:36:24,400
instrumental in

2396
01:36:24,400 --> 01:36:25,120
this process?

2397
01:36:25,480 --> 01:36:26,100
No, I don't.

2398
01:36:26,300 --> 01:36:26,960
I feel it's

2399
01:36:26,960 --> 01:36:27,640
being used as

2400
01:36:27,640 --> 01:36:28,120
a clock.

2401
01:36:29,020 --> 01:36:29,660
I feel that the

2402
01:36:29,660 --> 01:36:31,100
ancients sought

2403
01:36:31,100 --> 01:36:32,080
to find a way

2404
01:36:32,080 --> 01:36:33,080
to send a

2405
01:36:33,080 --> 01:36:33,740
message to the

2406
01:36:33,740 --> 01:36:34,080
future.

2407
01:36:34,800 --> 01:36:35,320
And they knew

2408
01:36:35,320 --> 01:36:35,980
they couldn't do

2409
01:36:35,980 --> 01:36:36,720
it in language

2410
01:36:36,720 --> 01:36:37,860
because their

2411
01:36:37,860 --> 01:36:38,600
language might not

2412
01:36:38,600 --> 01:36:39,840
be decoded 10

2413
01:36:39,840 --> 01:36:40,900
or 20,000 years

2414
01:36:40,900 --> 01:36:41,600
into the future.

2415
01:36:42,220 --> 01:36:43,200
They needed a

2416
01:36:43,200 --> 01:36:44,320
universal language.

2417
01:36:44,320 --> 01:36:45,220
So they used

2418
01:36:45,220 --> 01:36:46,020
the regular

2419
01:36:46,020 --> 01:36:46,780
motions of the

2420
01:36:46,780 --> 01:36:47,840
heavens and

2421
01:36:47,840 --> 01:36:48,460
the construction

2422
01:36:48,460 --> 01:36:49,200
of gigantic

2423
01:36:49,200 --> 01:36:49,880
sites on

2424
01:36:49,880 --> 01:36:50,840
earth, locking

2425
01:36:50,840 --> 01:36:52,020
as above, so

2426
01:36:52,020 --> 01:36:53,140
below, to

2427
01:36:53,140 --> 01:36:54,500
spell out a

2428
01:36:54,500 --> 01:36:55,240
time, to

2429
01:36:55,240 --> 01:36:55,700
spell out a

2430
01:36:55,700 --> 01:36:55,900
date.

2431
01:36:58,600 --> 01:36:59,340
In which we

2432
01:36:59,340 --> 01:37:00,440
had, it

2433
01:37:00,440 --> 01:37:01,160
happens that

2434
01:37:01,160 --> 01:37:01,980
that period from

2435
01:37:01,980 --> 01:37:03,600
12,800 to

2436
01:37:03,600 --> 01:37:04,940
11,600 years

2437
01:37:04,940 --> 01:37:05,320
ago is a

2438
01:37:05,320 --> 01:37:05,800
period of

2439
01:37:05,800 --> 01:37:07,160
gigantic

2440
01:37:07,160 --> 01:37:08,020
cataclysm on

2441
01:37:08,020 --> 01:37:08,300
earth.

2442
01:37:08,920 --> 01:37:09,600
And that is

2443
01:37:09,600 --> 01:37:10,280
precisely the

2444
01:37:10,280 --> 01:37:10,820
date they're

2445
01:37:10,820 --> 01:37:11,260
drawing our

2446
01:37:11,260 --> 01:37:11,880
attention to.

2447
01:37:11,880 --> 01:37:12,780
And they're

2448
01:37:12,780 --> 01:37:13,320
using the

2449
01:37:13,320 --> 01:37:14,440
skies as a

2450
01:37:14,440 --> 01:37:15,500
code to

2451
01:37:15,500 --> 01:37:15,900
draw our

2452
01:37:15,900 --> 01:37:16,380
attention to

2453
01:37:16,380 --> 01:37:16,800
that date.

2454
01:37:18,020 --> 01:37:19,180
Okay, I'll

2455
01:37:19,180 --> 01:37:19,760
take two more

2456
01:37:19,760 --> 01:37:20,240
questions, or

2457
01:37:20,240 --> 01:37:21,040
maybe three, but

2458
01:37:21,040 --> 01:37:21,800
then we'll have

2459
01:37:21,800 --> 01:37:22,060
to stop.

2460
01:37:22,600 --> 01:37:22,820
Okay.

2461
01:37:23,160 --> 01:37:23,520
Hi, Graham,

2462
01:37:23,600 --> 01:37:24,000
big fan.

2463
01:37:24,800 --> 01:37:25,460
Do you think

2464
01:37:25,460 --> 01:37:25,960
there's any

2465
01:37:25,960 --> 01:37:27,400
significance to

2466
01:37:27,400 --> 01:37:27,880
the recent

2467
01:37:27,880 --> 01:37:28,540
discovery that

2468
01:37:28,540 --> 01:37:29,320
King Tut's

2469
01:37:29,320 --> 01:37:30,380
burial dagger had

2470
01:37:30,380 --> 01:37:31,480
meteorite fragments

2471
01:37:31,480 --> 01:37:31,940
within it?

2472
01:37:32,180 --> 01:37:32,680
Oh, it's very

2473
01:37:32,680 --> 01:37:33,280
nice to read

2474
01:37:33,280 --> 01:37:33,560
that.

2475
01:37:33,720 --> 01:37:34,840
If you follow

2476
01:37:34,840 --> 01:37:35,400
ancient Egypt

2477
01:37:35,400 --> 01:37:36,240
closely, as I

2478
01:37:36,240 --> 01:37:37,180
have, you'll be

2479
01:37:37,180 --> 01:37:37,880
aware that the

2480
01:37:37,880 --> 01:37:38,820
use of meteoritic

2481
01:37:38,820 --> 01:37:39,900
iron, if not

2482
01:37:39,900 --> 01:37:40,960
common, was

2483
01:37:40,960 --> 01:37:41,740
quite frequent.

2484
01:37:41,880 --> 01:37:42,360
In ancient

2485
01:37:42,360 --> 01:37:42,920
Egypt, right

2486
01:37:42,920 --> 01:37:43,560
back to the

2487
01:37:43,560 --> 01:37:44,120
old kingdom,

2488
01:37:44,680 --> 01:37:45,640
meteoritic iron

2489
01:37:45,640 --> 01:37:47,080
was highly

2490
01:37:47,080 --> 01:37:47,740
valued.

2491
01:37:48,760 --> 01:37:49,800
And it was

2492
01:37:49,800 --> 01:37:50,340
called the

2493
01:37:50,340 --> 01:37:51,260
bones of the

2494
01:37:51,260 --> 01:37:52,480
gods, as a

2495
01:37:52,480 --> 01:37:53,060
matter of fact.

2496
01:37:53,160 --> 01:37:53,360
How would

2497
01:37:53,360 --> 01:37:54,940
they know it's

2498
01:37:54,940 --> 01:37:55,260
a meteor

2499
01:37:55,260 --> 01:37:55,740
fragment?

2500
01:37:55,760 --> 01:37:56,140
Because it

2501
01:37:56,140 --> 01:37:56,840
contains a

2502
01:37:56,840 --> 01:37:57,380
very high

2503
01:37:57,380 --> 01:37:58,060
abundance of

2504
01:37:58,060 --> 01:37:58,300
nickel.

2505
01:37:58,840 --> 01:37:59,260
But I mean

2506
01:37:59,260 --> 01:37:59,760
back then.

2507
01:38:00,240 --> 01:38:01,040
Back then, they

2508
01:38:01,040 --> 01:38:02,220
saw objects

2509
01:38:02,220 --> 01:38:02,800
coming from the

2510
01:38:02,800 --> 01:38:03,500
skies sometimes.

2511
01:38:03,720 --> 01:38:04,680
They absolutely

2512
01:38:04,680 --> 01:38:06,180
associated it

2513
01:38:06,180 --> 01:38:06,940
with fall from

2514
01:38:06,940 --> 01:38:07,440
the skies.

2515
01:38:07,700 --> 01:38:09,100
They joined

2516
01:38:09,100 --> 01:38:09,640
those dots.

2517
01:38:10,600 --> 01:38:11,320
Smart people.

2518
01:38:11,320 --> 01:38:11,720
Yeah.

2519
01:38:12,620 --> 01:38:13,420
Is that it?

2520
01:38:14,320 --> 01:38:14,620
Okay.

2521
01:38:15,820 --> 01:38:16,280
One more

2522
01:38:16,280 --> 01:38:16,540
there.

2523
01:38:17,180 --> 01:38:17,800
The last one.

2524
01:38:18,860 --> 01:38:24,000
I was just

2525
01:38:24,000 --> 01:38:24,900
wondering, when

2526
01:38:24,900 --> 01:38:25,800
you find evidence

2527
01:38:25,800 --> 01:38:27,560
of large rocks

2528
01:38:27,560 --> 01:38:29,680
being recycled...

2529
01:38:29,680 --> 01:38:30,240
Hold the

2530
01:38:30,240 --> 01:38:30,840
microphone closer.

2531
01:38:30,940 --> 01:38:31,380
I can't hear you.

2532
01:38:31,380 --> 01:38:32,040
I'm sorry.

2533
01:38:32,460 --> 01:38:33,100
When you find

2534
01:38:33,100 --> 01:38:33,720
evidence of

2535
01:38:33,720 --> 01:38:34,300
large rocks

2536
01:38:34,300 --> 01:38:35,320
being recycled

2537
01:38:35,320 --> 01:38:36,140
by apparent

2538
01:38:36,140 --> 01:38:37,360
later civilizations,

2539
01:38:38,400 --> 01:38:40,200
does that

2540
01:38:40,200 --> 01:38:40,820
necessarily

2541
01:38:40,820 --> 01:38:41,500
indicate that

2542
01:38:41,500 --> 01:38:42,280
it was used

2543
01:38:42,280 --> 01:38:42,960
by people

2544
01:38:42,960 --> 01:38:43,540
later on,

2545
01:38:43,580 --> 01:38:43,800
or could

2546
01:38:43,800 --> 01:38:45,100
have been

2547
01:38:45,100 --> 01:38:46,120
that civilization

2548
01:38:46,120 --> 01:38:47,560
reusing

2549
01:38:47,560 --> 01:38:48,180
their own

2550
01:38:48,180 --> 01:38:48,920
pieces because

2551
01:38:48,920 --> 01:38:49,800
of constructional

2552
01:38:49,800 --> 01:38:50,560
mistakes or

2553
01:38:50,560 --> 01:38:51,340
damage?

2554
01:38:51,520 --> 01:38:52,200
We're constantly

2555
01:38:52,200 --> 01:38:53,000
reusing the

2556
01:38:53,000 --> 01:38:53,520
material of

2557
01:38:53,520 --> 01:38:54,200
previous cultures.

2558
01:38:54,320 --> 01:38:55,020
Nothing surprising

2559
01:38:55,020 --> 01:38:55,620
about that.

2560
01:38:55,620 --> 01:38:57,000
The problem

2561
01:38:57,000 --> 01:38:57,320
is when

2562
01:38:57,320 --> 01:38:57,800
that's used

2563
01:38:57,800 --> 01:38:59,080
as an argument

2564
01:38:59,080 --> 01:39:00,200
for the age

2565
01:39:00,200 --> 01:39:00,700
of a site,

2566
01:39:01,100 --> 01:39:01,800
when actually

2567
01:39:01,800 --> 01:39:02,140
what we're

2568
01:39:02,140 --> 01:39:02,500
looking at

2569
01:39:02,500 --> 01:39:03,160
is a reuse

2570
01:39:03,160 --> 01:39:03,740
of an older

2571
01:39:03,740 --> 01:39:04,380
material.

2572
01:39:04,760 --> 01:39:05,480
I hope that

2573
01:39:05,480 --> 01:39:06,060
answers your

2574
01:39:06,060 --> 01:39:06,340
question.

2575
01:39:07,220 --> 01:39:07,320
Yeah.

2576
01:39:07,320 --> 01:39:09,360
If you

2577
01:39:09,360 --> 01:39:09,920
could

2578
01:39:09,920 --> 01:39:11,080
theorize

2579
01:39:11,080 --> 01:39:11,480
as to

2580
01:39:11,480 --> 01:39:11,820
what

2581
01:39:11,820 --> 01:39:12,780
world

2582
01:39:12,780 --> 01:39:13,360
over

2583
01:39:13,360 --> 01:39:14,060
there

2584
01:39:14,060 --> 01:39:14,440
is a

2585
01:39:14,440 --> 01:39:14,680
reason

2586
01:39:14,680 --> 01:39:15,000
for the

2587
01:39:15,000 --> 01:39:15,520
suppression

2588
01:39:15,520 --> 01:39:16,200
of

2589
01:39:16,200 --> 01:39:17,220
all of

2590
01:39:17,220 --> 01:39:17,560
this

2591
01:39:17,560 --> 01:39:18,200
knowledge,

2592
01:39:18,420 --> 01:39:18,620
all of

2593
01:39:18,620 --> 01:39:18,780
this

2594
01:39:18,780 --> 01:39:19,260
connection,

2595
01:39:19,640 --> 01:39:20,620
what might

2596
01:39:20,620 --> 01:39:20,960
you

2597
01:39:20,960 --> 01:39:21,720
theorize?

2598
01:39:21,720 --> 01:39:22,120
I think

2599
01:39:22,120 --> 01:39:23,240
it's because

2600
01:39:23,240 --> 01:39:24,300
if we

2601
01:39:24,300 --> 01:39:25,120
recover the

2602
01:39:25,120 --> 01:39:25,660
truth about

2603
01:39:25,660 --> 01:39:26,360
our past,

2604
01:39:26,880 --> 01:39:27,660
it empowers

2605
01:39:27,660 --> 01:39:28,120
us,

2606
01:39:28,400 --> 01:39:29,000
and it

2607
01:39:29,000 --> 01:39:29,760
disempowers

2608
01:39:29,760 --> 01:39:30,500
the dead

2609
01:39:30,500 --> 01:39:30,920
hand of

2610
01:39:30,920 --> 01:39:31,380
bureaucracy,

2611
01:39:31,800 --> 01:39:32,380
which is

2612
01:39:32,380 --> 01:39:33,420
desperately

2613
01:39:33,420 --> 01:39:34,100
seeking to

2614
01:39:34,100 --> 01:39:34,640
control our

2615
01:39:34,640 --> 01:39:35,040
lives.

2616
01:39:35,180 --> 01:39:35,640
I think

2617
01:39:35,640 --> 01:39:35,880
it's a

2618
01:39:35,880 --> 01:39:36,620
control issue

2619
01:39:36,620 --> 01:39:37,280
fundamentally.

2620
01:39:37,320 --> 01:39:38,320
Thank you

2621
01:39:38,320 --> 01:39:38,800
so much.

2622
01:39:38,840 --> 01:39:39,040
Thank you

2623
01:39:39,040 --> 01:39:39,560
very much.

2624
01:39:39,720 --> 01:39:40,240
Thank you.

2625
01:40:07,320 --> 01:40:08,320
Thank you.