1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:28,380 The many years of studying have brought to life quite a few theories of construction 2 00:00:28,380 --> 00:00:30,300 of the Egyptian pyramids. 3 00:00:30,300 --> 00:00:33,720 But all these theories more or less focus on the same question. 4 00:00:33,720 --> 00:00:38,460 How could the ancient Egyptians or couldn't build such enormous structures using the tools 5 00:00:38,460 --> 00:00:41,940 made of copper and stone? 6 00:00:41,940 --> 00:00:47,060 The facts, however, maintain that the biggest pyramids were built not by the Egyptians in 7 00:00:47,060 --> 00:00:51,580 the times of the pharaohs, but by a highly developed civilization of gods. 8 00:00:51,580 --> 00:00:56,780 Therefore, the answer to the question on how the pyramids were built lies beyond primitive 9 00:00:56,780 --> 00:00:57,780 methods. 10 00:00:57,780 --> 00:01:02,500 If the knowledge of the ancient civilization was well above the modern one, then the pyramids 11 00:01:02,500 --> 00:01:08,980 could reveal some unknown methods as well as different construction logic. 12 00:01:08,980 --> 00:01:21,860 So let the stones tell us all about it. 13 00:01:21,860 --> 00:01:26,780 Inverted Logic 14 00:01:26,780 --> 00:01:31,380 The first known theory of construction of the Egyptian pyramids was proposed by an 15 00:01:31,380 --> 00:01:34,280 ancient Greek historian Herodotus. 16 00:01:34,280 --> 00:01:39,420 This version was accepted by the modern academic science, which gave him the title of the 17 00:01:39,420 --> 00:01:46,300 Father Founder of History, although his contemporaries often called him the Father of Life. 18 00:01:46,300 --> 00:01:49,460 A pyramid has been there many thousand years. 19 00:01:49,460 --> 00:01:53,380 It is so far an empirical fact which we perceive. 20 00:01:53,380 --> 00:01:56,660 Andrei Zhukov, candidate of science and history. 21 00:01:56,740 --> 00:01:59,420 We see it and we admire it. 22 00:01:59,420 --> 00:02:04,700 Who built it, when and why is just an interpretation. 23 00:02:04,700 --> 00:02:07,940 Interpretations come from certain people at certain times. 24 00:02:07,940 --> 00:02:14,660 One should remember that every individual has his own version. 25 00:02:14,660 --> 00:02:19,460 If an academic researcher reaches certain heights in the world of science, his theory 26 00:02:19,460 --> 00:02:24,020 is popularized and becomes public property. 27 00:02:24,100 --> 00:02:29,220 The person and his theory gradually turn into a bronze monument and the theory becomes 28 00:02:29,220 --> 00:02:30,980 a dogma. 29 00:02:30,980 --> 00:02:36,100 And generation of researchers to follow quite often forget that the theory was proposed 30 00:02:36,100 --> 00:02:42,820 by a certain individual basing on the data he then had at hand. 31 00:02:42,820 --> 00:02:47,540 Herodotus wrote that the ancient Egyptians had first built the steppe base, which was 32 00:02:47,540 --> 00:02:50,600 then faced going from top to bottom. 33 00:02:50,600 --> 00:02:56,440 But the main pyramids of Giza have absolutely no signs of such structure. 34 00:02:56,440 --> 00:03:01,760 Even inside the destroyed section of the third pyramid no steps can be seen. 35 00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:06,360 On the other hand, Herodotus' description matches its satellite pyramids. 36 00:03:06,360 --> 00:03:11,240 Here one can see the steppe structure in all its beauty. 37 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:14,400 Facing from top to bottom is not the best choice. 38 00:03:14,400 --> 00:03:21,080 It is inconvenient and doesn't allow the blocks to fit as tight as on bigger pyramids. 39 00:03:21,080 --> 00:03:25,120 The actual facts indicate that they went from bottom to top. 40 00:03:25,120 --> 00:03:54,400 The many years of studying have brought to life quite a few theories of construction 41 00:03:54,480 --> 00:03:56,320 of the Egyptian pyramids. 42 00:03:56,320 --> 00:03:59,760 But all these theories more or less focus on the same question. 43 00:03:59,760 --> 00:04:04,520 How could the ancient Egyptians or couldn't build such enormous structures using the tools 44 00:04:04,520 --> 00:04:08,000 made of copper and stone? 45 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:13,120 The facts, however, maintain that the biggest pyramids were built not by the Egyptians in 46 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:17,600 the times of the pharaohs, but by a highly developed civilization of gods. 47 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:22,800 Therefore, the answer to the question on how the pyramids were built lies beyond primitive 48 00:04:22,800 --> 00:04:23,800 methods. 49 00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:28,480 If the knowledge of the ancient civilization was well above the modern one, then the pyramids 50 00:04:28,480 --> 00:04:34,960 could reveal some unknown methods as well as different construction logic. 51 00:04:34,960 --> 00:04:47,840 So let the stones tell us all about it. 52 00:04:47,840 --> 00:04:52,760 Inverted Logic 53 00:04:52,760 --> 00:04:57,360 The first known theory of construction of the Egyptian pyramids was proposed by an 54 00:04:57,360 --> 00:05:00,280 ancient Greek historian Herodotus. 55 00:05:00,280 --> 00:05:05,440 This version was accepted by the modern academic science, which gave him the title of the 56 00:05:05,440 --> 00:05:07,240 father-founder of history. 57 00:05:07,240 --> 00:05:13,160 Although here is a saw which works, here is a regular double-handed saw, for instance. 58 00:05:13,160 --> 00:05:16,840 Let's forget its granite now. 59 00:05:16,840 --> 00:05:18,280 Done. 60 00:05:18,280 --> 00:05:19,280 What about the side? 61 00:05:19,280 --> 00:05:20,280 How? 62 00:05:20,280 --> 00:05:22,200 The saw won't do. 63 00:05:22,200 --> 00:05:24,840 How do we take it off? 64 00:05:24,840 --> 00:05:29,200 Some type of side cutter will be needed here, if we are talking about the tool and not 65 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:31,640 manual labor. 66 00:05:31,640 --> 00:05:34,920 Or a meticulous chipping piece by piece. 67 00:05:34,920 --> 00:05:42,280 Then it's hard to understand why the leveling was done along one line from block to block. 68 00:05:42,280 --> 00:05:47,540 This could be done with the use of the technologies and tools which easily work on hard granite 69 00:05:47,900 --> 00:05:52,220 and level large areas of angled surface. 70 00:05:52,220 --> 00:05:57,800 The ancient gods had those tools, and the results of construction work would confuse 71 00:05:57,800 --> 00:06:03,200 even modern experts. 72 00:06:03,200 --> 00:06:06,940 Well the pyramids have the facing. 73 00:06:06,940 --> 00:06:11,060 Here one can see it was faced later or something. 74 00:06:11,060 --> 00:06:13,860 Must have been done later. 75 00:06:13,860 --> 00:06:19,060 Ivan Valuev, chief technologist at Moscow Stone Mill Plant. 76 00:06:19,060 --> 00:06:25,060 Had the wrong stones or something, they must have leveled it too later. 77 00:06:25,060 --> 00:06:30,220 These days we would use sandblasting or hot works. 78 00:06:30,220 --> 00:06:35,240 A mixture of sand and air. 79 00:06:35,240 --> 00:06:41,220 That means quad sand at high speed too. 80 00:06:41,220 --> 00:06:48,340 So it hits a stone and leaches it, and so it gets leveled. 81 00:06:48,340 --> 00:06:54,580 The same leveling method following the stonework was used for the second pyramid. 82 00:06:54,580 --> 00:06:58,220 This is a granite facing block obviously from the bottom row. 83 00:06:58,220 --> 00:07:01,340 This was the front. 84 00:07:01,340 --> 00:07:03,560 One can see this block was leveled. 85 00:07:03,560 --> 00:07:06,900 This side was leveled after the block had been in place. 86 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:13,500 Because there definitely was a paving here, which made it difficult for the tool to move along. 87 00:07:13,500 --> 00:07:19,500 So they didn't level the whole face in order to make the work easier and not touch these blocks. 88 00:07:19,500 --> 00:07:23,500 Here is this little ledge. 89 00:07:23,500 --> 00:07:26,660 It is in the shade now. 90 00:07:26,660 --> 00:07:29,660 This tiny ledge can be seen. 91 00:07:29,660 --> 00:07:32,340 About a millimeter or millimeter and a half. 92 00:07:32,340 --> 00:07:38,780 They didn't cut all block. 93 00:07:38,780 --> 00:07:42,780 Let me pour some water on it, so we could see better. 94 00:07:42,780 --> 00:07:45,900 Yes, it can be seen. 95 00:07:45,900 --> 00:07:46,900 Here it is. 96 00:07:46,900 --> 00:07:49,460 Here is the ledge. 97 00:07:49,460 --> 00:07:52,060 It's not flat, it's curved. 98 00:07:52,060 --> 00:07:54,700 That means it was leveled by a tool. 99 00:07:54,700 --> 00:07:55,700 What tool? 100 00:07:55,700 --> 00:07:57,260 Hard to say. 101 00:07:57,260 --> 00:07:59,820 Flat saw won't do for a pyramid. 102 00:08:00,060 --> 00:08:02,700 Some kind of rotating disk. 103 00:08:02,700 --> 00:08:06,100 But at the same time, the ledge is long enough. 104 00:08:06,100 --> 00:08:07,540 Can't do it by hand. 105 00:08:07,540 --> 00:08:12,820 One needs a mechanical tool. 106 00:08:12,820 --> 00:08:16,480 Only the bottom part of the pyramid was faced by granite. 107 00:08:16,480 --> 00:08:18,820 The top was faced by limestone. 108 00:08:18,820 --> 00:08:24,220 But despite the different materials, it seems to have been of one color, as the limestone 109 00:08:24,220 --> 00:08:25,920 had been painted. 110 00:08:25,920 --> 00:08:31,880 We saw that the whole facing looked like a granite from a distance. 111 00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:37,760 This is obviously a block from up there, from the top rows, rather than the granite facing. 112 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:40,280 It's the facing as the corner shows. 113 00:08:40,280 --> 00:08:43,240 The facing is here, at the corner. 114 00:08:43,240 --> 00:08:46,720 This one was an outside surface, and this is the top. 115 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:51,680 And exactly on the outer surface, a layer of some paint, about a millimeter, can be 116 00:08:51,680 --> 00:08:54,080 clearly seen. 117 00:08:54,080 --> 00:08:56,440 Now it's yellowish. 118 00:08:56,440 --> 00:09:00,520 But what color was it in the beginning, before it faded? 119 00:09:00,520 --> 00:09:01,520 Could have been red. 120 00:09:01,520 --> 00:09:05,520 Here is a very typical cut. 121 00:09:05,520 --> 00:09:08,840 Let me pour some water on it too. 122 00:09:08,840 --> 00:09:13,640 The pyramid could have been of some yellowish color, or blood red. 123 00:09:13,640 --> 00:09:16,800 Now it looks yellow though. 124 00:09:16,800 --> 00:09:22,920 It's really difficult to determine the color of the paint now. 125 00:09:22,920 --> 00:09:27,680 Although when we took photos of the remaining facing, it had a reddish shade, rather than 126 00:09:27,680 --> 00:09:28,680 yellowish. 127 00:09:28,680 --> 00:09:35,880 Don't know, I think that these look like paint smears. 128 00:09:35,880 --> 00:09:37,480 Here along the edge. 129 00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:46,360 See the smears, the paint was spread unevenly. 130 00:09:46,360 --> 00:09:51,400 Now it's impossible to determine whether it was a facelift or the initial idea of 131 00:09:51,480 --> 00:09:53,360 the construction workers. 132 00:09:53,360 --> 00:10:00,040 But the pyramid was definitely painted a long time ago. 133 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:04,960 Here one can see that it is paint, rather than patina, because this side doesn't have 134 00:10:04,960 --> 00:10:05,960 it. 135 00:10:05,960 --> 00:10:09,520 Although it is exposed to both the sun and the wind. 136 00:10:09,520 --> 00:10:10,520 It ends here. 137 00:10:10,520 --> 00:10:18,440 The outside surface was here, and it had a block from the next row was here. 138 00:10:18,440 --> 00:10:26,080 The facing, which performed the strength function, made the workers careless about 139 00:10:26,080 --> 00:10:27,960 the inside stonework. 140 00:10:27,960 --> 00:10:33,920 The blocks here were often laid with gaps and quite roughly. 141 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:39,000 With these huge blocks in the foundation of the second pyramid on the Giza plateau or 142 00:10:39,000 --> 00:10:44,160 the Hafra pyramid, the workers didn't even bother to properly level the bottom surface, 143 00:10:44,160 --> 00:10:46,600 on which they laid those jumbos. 144 00:10:46,760 --> 00:10:51,680 Here's a stone at the bottom, which is absolutely uneven on the both sides, and some small 145 00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:54,440 stones slipped under the top block. 146 00:10:54,440 --> 00:11:07,160 It presses them down and just sits there carrying this load. 147 00:11:07,160 --> 00:11:13,120 By the way, a now popular theory that the blocks were made of concrete totally contradicts 148 00:11:13,120 --> 00:11:14,120 the actual facts. 149 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:17,480 It is not concrete, but a real limestone. 150 00:11:17,480 --> 00:11:21,400 A detailed analysis by professional geologists proved it. 151 00:11:21,400 --> 00:11:24,720 The limestone structure is left absolutely intact. 152 00:11:24,720 --> 00:11:29,480 No signs of concrete have been found in the bottom rows as well as at the top. 153 00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:35,200 We were convinced of it after we climbed the pyramids of Lisht, Dachur and Giza. 154 00:11:35,200 --> 00:11:39,600 We even managed to reach the remaining facing at the top of the second pyramid. 155 00:11:40,080 --> 00:11:44,400 To tell you the truth, we had to do it at night time and seriously risking our lives, 156 00:11:44,400 --> 00:11:47,680 and the guide agreed to take just one person there. 157 00:11:47,680 --> 00:11:49,800 So we climbed up this hafra. 158 00:11:49,800 --> 00:11:57,040 And I tell you what, guys, I do not recommend the experience, because the thing is all loose. 159 00:11:57,040 --> 00:11:59,720 It's absolutely all decayed. 160 00:11:59,720 --> 00:12:02,080 So climbing it is wrong. 161 00:12:02,080 --> 00:12:05,360 It's absolutely eroded, meaning all you touch is loose. 162 00:12:05,360 --> 00:12:09,400 There are some stones to clutch it, and there are stones you'd better don't clutch it, 163 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,800 because once you've clutched at it, it moves, you can feel it move. 164 00:12:12,800 --> 00:12:13,800 How's that? 165 00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:14,800 The whole stone moves? 166 00:12:14,800 --> 00:12:18,720 No, if it's one big stone and you clutch it, it stays in place. 167 00:12:18,720 --> 00:12:21,680 But a stone may have, oh, eroded parts. 168 00:12:21,680 --> 00:12:24,800 You think it's good to clutch it, and it just goes off. 169 00:12:24,800 --> 00:12:26,800 So it's dangerous there. 170 00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:30,440 Sergey Siparov, doctor of science, physics and mathematics. 171 00:12:30,440 --> 00:12:36,280 Basically, you don't want to be there, even at daytime, let alone nighttime. 172 00:12:36,280 --> 00:12:37,280 Going up is not that bad. 173 00:12:38,160 --> 00:12:39,960 You can see things as you go up. 174 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:40,960 You clutch at them. 175 00:12:40,960 --> 00:12:44,480 It's shaky, it's loose, but you still climb up. 176 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:46,280 Then we went back down. 177 00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,600 And that was something, I'll tell you, meaning not recommended. 178 00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:54,560 Basically, it's not a problem. 179 00:12:54,560 --> 00:12:57,040 But tumbling down is not a problem either. 180 00:12:57,040 --> 00:12:59,520 And you don't see anything. 181 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:00,520 Darkness. 182 00:13:00,520 --> 00:13:04,760 On the Bent Pyramid, I got stuck there too. 183 00:13:05,240 --> 00:13:08,440 I was going down that step section. 184 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:10,840 After the curve, I didn't see anything. 185 00:13:10,840 --> 00:13:13,600 The same thing, it was darkness. 186 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:14,600 You don't see a thing. 187 00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:18,640 And you set your foot on something angled like that. 188 00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:19,640 And it's loose. 189 00:13:19,640 --> 00:13:25,120 Basically, you don't feel safe there. 190 00:13:25,120 --> 00:13:30,280 The only place which can be suspected of having concrete is the bottom rows of the pyramid 191 00:13:30,280 --> 00:13:33,280 with solid steps instead of blocks. 192 00:13:33,800 --> 00:13:36,920 And it's limestone too, not concrete. 193 00:13:36,920 --> 00:13:40,040 And this seems to be a rock formation. 194 00:13:40,040 --> 00:13:45,160 A minimum of two layers cut out of the solid rock. 195 00:13:45,160 --> 00:13:46,800 You can see it in the fracture. 196 00:13:46,800 --> 00:13:54,240 Right, you can see the fracture. 197 00:13:54,240 --> 00:13:56,760 And plenty of white shells. 198 00:13:56,760 --> 00:13:59,160 And not concrete at all. 199 00:13:59,160 --> 00:14:02,920 Well, it's just a rock, limestone rock. 200 00:14:03,560 --> 00:14:06,720 The shells are intact, randomly placed. 201 00:14:06,720 --> 00:14:09,720 Regular limestone, no concrete. 202 00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:13,920 The formation was not cut and then cemented. 203 00:14:13,920 --> 00:14:19,000 The workers simply shaped a small ledge of rock formation and made it look like steps. 204 00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:23,240 Let's see if there's a joint here. 205 00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:26,000 The dust is going to come your way. 206 00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:29,560 No, no joints here, really. 207 00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:36,720 It's just a rock, cut for stonework as a typical pyramid. 208 00:14:36,720 --> 00:14:45,360 There folks really saved on labor, didn't spend extra efforts. 209 00:14:45,360 --> 00:14:49,240 By the way, it's another example of unusual logic. 210 00:14:49,240 --> 00:14:54,840 We would level the foundation area or even excavate a pit and only then would lay down 211 00:14:54,840 --> 00:14:56,100 the blocks. 212 00:14:56,140 --> 00:15:01,540 And the ancient craftsmen didn't level an even surface, they made it work for them. 213 00:15:01,540 --> 00:15:07,100 The Aburage pyramid is almost all made of one hill, which was slightly cut to its stepped 214 00:15:07,100 --> 00:15:09,260 shape. 215 00:15:09,260 --> 00:15:14,220 The angled surface of the Giza plateau in the area of the second pyramid was not leveled 216 00:15:14,220 --> 00:15:15,220 either. 217 00:15:15,220 --> 00:15:23,780 The workers dug a trench alongside the perimeter and left the bulge in the middle. 218 00:15:23,940 --> 00:15:29,580 If you draw a mental line from the top of that cliff down to the pyramid, you will 219 00:15:29,580 --> 00:15:34,100 have the level where the rock ends and the stonework starts. 220 00:15:34,100 --> 00:15:40,660 And everything beneath is a base, cut in the solid limestone. 221 00:15:40,660 --> 00:15:44,660 In other words, a ledge rock. 222 00:15:44,660 --> 00:15:49,140 So the fact that this block sits here, it sits on the rock. 223 00:15:49,140 --> 00:15:50,940 It sits on the rock. 224 00:15:50,980 --> 00:15:56,380 So you believe that deep inside there it's the same rock and it's just attached to 225 00:15:56,380 --> 00:15:57,700 the side? 226 00:15:57,700 --> 00:16:00,100 We could demonstrate it at this corner. 227 00:16:00,100 --> 00:16:02,540 You will see it better. 228 00:16:02,540 --> 00:16:04,300 This is a ledge rock. 229 00:16:04,300 --> 00:16:08,300 And if you chip off this block, you'll expose a wall behind it. 230 00:16:08,300 --> 00:16:09,820 There's no joint here. 231 00:16:09,820 --> 00:16:10,820 It's solid. 232 00:16:10,820 --> 00:16:11,820 Right. 233 00:16:11,820 --> 00:16:12,820 Solid. 234 00:16:12,820 --> 00:16:13,820 A rock. 235 00:16:13,820 --> 00:16:14,820 The next step is solid too. 236 00:16:14,820 --> 00:16:17,860 Then a block, take it off and you'll find another solid rock. 237 00:16:17,860 --> 00:16:23,140 The same pattern until the 6-7 meters mark. 238 00:16:23,140 --> 00:16:28,060 Considering such rational methods and obvious eagerness to save on labor, the workers' 239 00:16:28,060 --> 00:16:32,100 dedication to huge blocks may seem strange. 240 00:16:32,100 --> 00:16:38,140 When you climb 5-6 meters down below the surface, inside this tiny half-destroyed or almost 241 00:16:38,140 --> 00:16:47,260 totally destroyed pyramid, which protrudes out of the ground like a small hill, and 242 00:16:47,300 --> 00:16:52,580 you discover a house which is down there built of huge blocks, well prepared and accurately 243 00:16:52,580 --> 00:16:53,580 laid. 244 00:16:53,580 --> 00:16:54,580 What are they for? 245 00:16:54,580 --> 00:16:56,540 It's a truly technological structure. 246 00:16:56,540 --> 00:17:01,260 If we photograph it and show to people together with photos of modern nuclear shelters, I'm 247 00:17:01,260 --> 00:17:07,780 positive that nobody would single it out as something ancient. 248 00:17:07,780 --> 00:17:11,580 It's quite a modern structure. 249 00:17:11,580 --> 00:17:14,300 And it made a strong impression on me. 250 00:17:14,300 --> 00:17:17,500 It's like I can still see it now. 251 00:17:17,500 --> 00:17:20,740 My body vibrates when I imagine it. 252 00:17:20,740 --> 00:17:23,380 Being inside there is something. 253 00:17:23,380 --> 00:17:27,780 Basically, it impresses me more than the pyramids. 254 00:17:27,780 --> 00:17:32,780 The strong overlappings may have been required to support an enormous load of the upper 255 00:17:32,780 --> 00:17:34,560 sections of a pyramid. 256 00:17:34,560 --> 00:17:37,860 This is a typical answer one can hear from historians. 257 00:17:37,860 --> 00:17:42,940 But ancient workers used huge blocks even for mastaba in Abbasir, where a pyramid had 258 00:17:42,940 --> 00:17:45,060 obviously not been planned. 259 00:17:45,060 --> 00:17:49,700 There are no signs of upper sections, and the fragments of strong overlappings are 260 00:17:49,700 --> 00:17:50,700 right there. 261 00:17:50,700 --> 00:18:05,700 There are no steps here. 262 00:18:06,540 --> 00:18:21,260 We'll squad along. 263 00:18:21,260 --> 00:18:26,380 Watch out, it's slippery. 264 00:18:26,380 --> 00:18:32,580 There is no load on the big ceiling blocks in the third pyramid on the Giza plateau. 265 00:18:32,580 --> 00:18:36,860 This is an overlapping of a chamber, where on the other side, and the chamber is below 266 00:18:36,860 --> 00:18:41,260 us, the granite slabs make up the dome and the chamber is beneath. 267 00:18:41,260 --> 00:18:44,180 And here the paired blocks sit on the both sides. 268 00:18:44,180 --> 00:18:49,620 They span over the whole chamber, all along its length. 269 00:18:49,620 --> 00:18:54,660 One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine. 270 00:18:54,660 --> 00:18:55,660 Nine rows. 271 00:18:55,660 --> 00:19:00,420 And they are not used for stress relief. 272 00:19:00,660 --> 00:19:03,660 Yet there is some logic in it. 273 00:19:03,660 --> 00:19:10,060 In an area of often earthquakes, it is preferable to use big blocks, provided that the technical 274 00:19:10,060 --> 00:19:12,540 capabilities are there. 275 00:19:12,540 --> 00:19:17,380 And the ancient civilization of gods did have these capabilities. 276 00:19:17,380 --> 00:19:24,400 Where we would use bricks, they used huge stones, even if it was not really needed. 277 00:19:24,400 --> 00:19:31,720 The granite temple on the Giza plateau is a good example of the same methods and processes. 278 00:19:31,720 --> 00:19:35,760 Here one can see that the wall was levelled after the blocks had been laid. 279 00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:39,960 The blocks had been laid in a line and then skimmed. 280 00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:44,680 A small ledge along the wall remained. 281 00:19:44,680 --> 00:19:50,560 The construction process explains some strange and, at first thought, sophisticated elements 282 00:19:50,560 --> 00:19:53,120 of the stonework. 283 00:19:53,160 --> 00:19:59,520 When they levelled the wall, they skimmed the outer layer of the block and left this part. 284 00:19:59,520 --> 00:20:04,320 So the block sort of spans from one wall to the other. 285 00:20:04,320 --> 00:20:08,440 And the other way, as it goes up, the same all along the wall. 286 00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:13,120 Considering the methods and the logic of the ancient gods, it becomes possible to restore 287 00:20:13,120 --> 00:20:14,400 the construction process. 288 00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:21,460 Before a block was laid, its bottom was levelled and it was laid on the previous row. 289 00:20:21,460 --> 00:20:25,020 The side was left absolutely rough. 290 00:20:25,020 --> 00:20:32,620 The next block was placed back to back and two saws were run, or one wide blade saw. 291 00:20:32,620 --> 00:20:38,580 And as the laws of geometry had it, their sides became perfectly parallel. 292 00:20:38,580 --> 00:20:41,220 They only had to move this block over here. 293 00:20:41,220 --> 00:20:47,140 As a result, we have the most perfect joint, which leaves the scientists astounded. 294 00:20:48,100 --> 00:20:53,380 But to be able to do so, one needs a tool, which cuts through granite as if it were butter. 295 00:20:53,380 --> 00:20:58,780 And besides, one has to move these multi-tonne blocks as if they were some light-weighted 296 00:20:58,780 --> 00:21:02,020 plastic cubes. 297 00:21:02,020 --> 00:21:04,820 The temple structure has a peculiar feature. 298 00:21:04,820 --> 00:21:10,340 The limestone is faced with granite on the both sides, which turns it into a large thermos bottle. 299 00:21:11,220 --> 00:21:17,260 This keeps the inside of it cool even in the most insufferable heat. 300 00:21:17,260 --> 00:21:21,700 And the properties of the temple's material allow protection not only from the heat, but 301 00:21:21,700 --> 00:21:25,400 from radiation and electromagnetic fields as well. 302 00:21:25,400 --> 00:21:28,260 So the bottle has many functions. 303 00:21:28,260 --> 00:21:34,980 Maybe the ancient gods needed that kind of protection too? 304 00:21:34,980 --> 00:21:38,600 As the legends have it, the gods came down from the skies. 305 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:41,640 In the usual language, that means alien origin. 306 00:21:41,640 --> 00:21:46,640 And the aliens from outer worlds may have found the conditions on planet Earth not 307 00:21:46,640 --> 00:21:51,700 too comfortable, so the construction of such thermos bottle may have become a necessity 308 00:21:51,700 --> 00:21:58,040 for them. 309 00:21:58,040 --> 00:22:02,800 The texts in the Edfu temple tell about the times when gods ruled Egypt. 310 00:22:03,000 --> 00:22:08,640 Erich von Denecken believes that one of the symbols in the text depict a flying saucer, 311 00:22:08,640 --> 00:22:10,440 an alien spaceship. 312 00:22:10,440 --> 00:22:16,000 And the historians believe that this symbol stands for the place of sacrificial offerings. 313 00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:20,040 But these two versions complement each other rather than exclude. 314 00:22:20,040 --> 00:22:23,160 The sacrifices were offered exactly to gods. 315 00:22:23,160 --> 00:22:29,360 Actually, debating on the issue why the aliens used to interfere with our life and don't 316 00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:34,800 do it these days, equals to making a mistake which is based on the assumption that they 317 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:38,120 constantly do so in one and the same manner. 318 00:22:38,120 --> 00:22:42,080 Andres Klerov, director of Third Millennium Foundation. 319 00:22:42,080 --> 00:22:47,000 But our civilization changes just like any other. 320 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:51,160 They do not longer accept things they used to accept before. 321 00:22:51,160 --> 00:22:56,760 They might have had different goals, targets or methods compared to modern days. 322 00:22:56,800 --> 00:23:02,840 They might still be interfering and we don't know it and don't see any signs of it, or 323 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:05,360 we just don't know where to look. 324 00:23:05,360 --> 00:23:11,360 Well, for this subject I support the most earthly explanations. 325 00:23:11,360 --> 00:23:14,160 Mijie Paolo, candidate of science and technology. 326 00:23:14,160 --> 00:23:19,160 And the most reasonable of it is the one by which the unique climatic and other relevant 327 00:23:19,160 --> 00:23:24,440 of planet Earth give life to civilizations with a certain time period. 328 00:23:24,440 --> 00:23:29,360 Although probably the civilization whose monuments we are now discussing was not the 329 00:23:29,360 --> 00:23:35,480 first one, it might have had its ancestors, who had their own monuments, which we do 330 00:23:35,480 --> 00:23:39,320 not see as monuments now and sometimes overlook. 331 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:44,160 It might as well be just a natural circulation of civilizations. 332 00:23:44,160 --> 00:23:49,680 So even the obvious signs of the unusual logic still make us unable to choose a version. 333 00:23:49,680 --> 00:23:55,600 Both the aliens and the residents of planet Earth might have employed the different thinking. 334 00:23:55,600 --> 00:23:58,560 And it is still unclear what exactly they were. 335 00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:03,680 The ancient gods who greatly influenced the course of history. 336 00:24:03,680 --> 00:24:09,880 The initiation of the great civilizations, be that the Egyptian, the Peruvian, the Chinese 337 00:24:09,880 --> 00:24:16,280 or the Indian, was purposeful, meaningful, launched by the descendants, the survivors 338 00:24:16,280 --> 00:24:18,800 of the preceding civilization. 339 00:24:18,920 --> 00:24:21,920 Andrey Yuzhukov, candidate of science and history. 340 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:25,320 It could be given a standard term, the Atlantis. 341 00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:26,320 Right. 342 00:24:26,320 --> 00:24:28,320 But it's a stamp. 343 00:24:28,320 --> 00:24:29,320 The names. 344 00:24:29,320 --> 00:24:34,840 We are unfamiliar with the names of ethnic groups who died out some two, three hundred 345 00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:38,200 years ago if these names are not written down. 346 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:42,320 However, if the term exists, it could be used. 347 00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:47,720 Or substituted by another, the antediluvian civilization. 348 00:24:47,720 --> 00:24:52,800 The most important thing here is probably the understanding of where the civilization 349 00:24:52,800 --> 00:24:54,840 which built these monuments had left. 350 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:57,960 Mijipalov, candidate of science and technology. 351 00:24:57,960 --> 00:25:02,360 Was it by chance or is it a pattern for the evolution of civilizations? 352 00:25:02,360 --> 00:25:07,260 If it was by chance, then we are probably approaching the level they had once reached. 353 00:25:07,260 --> 00:25:12,000 And so it's time for us to think of what's going to happen with ourselves. 354 00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:16,680 If it was a pattern, then we should probably start preparing for the same departure and 355 00:25:16,720 --> 00:25:22,000 decline, so that we leave something behind for generations who will follow ten or hundred 356 00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:24,120 thousand years after. 357 00:25:24,120 --> 00:25:29,360 The more we know about the ancient civilization, the better we can answer this question. 358 00:25:29,360 --> 00:25:35,360 So it's important to understand not only how, but also why these huge pyramids were built. 359 00:25:35,360 --> 00:25:36,720 Isn't that tempting? 360 00:25:36,720 --> 00:25:42,320 Trying to understand the goals and interests of the ancient gods, no matter who they were. 361 00:25:42,320 --> 00:25:46,560 But this will be the subject of the next, the final part of our film.