1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:29,680 This is the Ramasim. Obviously, named after Gramsies. This is where you get the sense of 2 00:00:29,680 --> 00:00:43,320 the scale, though. An important point that Stephen Mailer pointed out is if you look at the 3 00:00:43,320 --> 00:00:50,160 carvings on the left, they're different from the carvings on the right. Carvings on the left 4 00:00:50,160 --> 00:00:56,760 may be older, the carvings on the right are deeper and they were most likely done for Ramasies 5 00:00:56,760 --> 00:01:07,480 because there was a tendency during certain periods to deface the names of older so-called 6 00:01:07,480 --> 00:01:14,280 Pharaohs. So Gramsies wanted to make sure, or his priest maybe wanted to make sure that his 7 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:20,920 name and all the writings about him were kept almost forever and it would be very difficult 8 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:33,920 to deface something that was so deeply cut into the stone like this. Now we don't see so far 9 00:01:33,920 --> 00:01:44,160 any sign of lost ancient technology or super-h ancient work. This is all limestone and again, 10 00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:50,120 according to Stephen and others. Limestone was the preferred material afterwards because 11 00:01:50,280 --> 00:01:57,320 limestone was softer. You could work it with bronze chisels and stone hammers but when it comes to 12 00:01:58,360 --> 00:02:08,040 carvings or buildings which were made of granite, the salt or quartz, calcite, that requires tools that are 13 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:17,320 harder than bronze. The question is what tools were they? In the archaeological record, there are no 14 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:24,280 tools as far as I know other than bronze chisels and stone hammers. So the harder stone is hinting at us 15 00:02:24,920 --> 00:02:30,440 that the work that was done is older than the phiromic, 16 00:02:30,920 --> 00:02:32,920 donastic Egyptians. 17 00:02:32,920 --> 00:03:02,680 This is the Ramacen. What you can tell is you can see the doorway was 18 00:03:02,920 --> 00:03:12,040 filled in later. That's mud brick. The wall is limestone but what's more incredible is this. This 19 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:29,800 is the remains of a monstrous statue. This is one kneecap or one knee out of rose granite from as one 20 00:03:30,120 --> 00:03:42,680 and part of the rest of him is over here next to this temple. You can see his head, you can see his shoulder 21 00:03:44,600 --> 00:03:48,360 over here are his feet. 22 00:03:48,680 --> 00:04:09,000 So in terms of a sense of scale, again this is the statue or part of the statue. This is part of his head 23 00:04:09,320 --> 00:04:15,720 and this ear and then coming down that way his shoulder. 24 00:04:17,560 --> 00:04:25,560 1000 tons finished one block of stone. Originally of course it would have been much more than a 25 00:04:25,560 --> 00:04:29,480 thousand tons because it would have been a rough piece. 26 00:04:29,480 --> 00:04:58,120 Here's the bottom of part of the 1000 ton statue. I believe this is the base. 27 00:04:59,800 --> 00:05:10,680 On which he stood and just the size of his feet is my hand in comparison 28 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:19,960 and one foot compared to a foot. 29 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:43,320 I've fought to about the size of his toenail. So again finished at a thousand tons 30 00:05:43,320 --> 00:05:54,440 so how did they move it? 500 miles from the quarry at as one. Most if not all of the rose granite 31 00:05:54,440 --> 00:06:03,240 came from the as one quarry. How do you move a thousand tons? You're not obviously going to 32 00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:07,720 move it on rollers across a desert. You're not going to be able to build a reed boat big enough 33 00:06:08,520 --> 00:06:16,200 strong enough to be able to carry a finished sculpture and a thousand tons. And if it was brought 34 00:06:16,200 --> 00:06:23,160 here raw as a raw blank stone prior to carving and you're talking at least 1200 tons maybe 35 00:06:23,160 --> 00:06:28,360 1300 tons. How would they have moved it?