1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,000 You 2 00:00:30,239 --> 00:00:32,240 You 3 00:00:33,119 --> 00:00:36,079 My name is Hugh Newman for those that don't know me 4 00:00:36,960 --> 00:00:38,799 I've been 5 00:00:38,799 --> 00:00:41,179 Founded mega, Lithuania way back in late 6 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:46,560 2005 with John Martin Oh with Gareth Mills and John Michelle really and 7 00:00:47,159 --> 00:00:53,159 We've been running this ever since I've written a few books one called earth grids... 8 00:00:53,920 --> 00:00:55,920 a book called Giants on record 9 00:00:56,120 --> 00:01:00,320 But today I'm going to be sharing something that's been fascinated me for many many years 10 00:01:00,880 --> 00:01:07,159 It's the strange geometric Scottish stone spheres that have been found all over 11 00:01:08,159 --> 00:01:11,500 Aberdeenshire also an orc knee a few in England 12 00:01:11,960 --> 00:01:16,400 They won in Ireland and a couple of other spheres in Ireland that will mention 13 00:01:17,520 --> 00:01:20,579 And these are always associated with the megalithic world 14 00:01:20,579 --> 00:01:25,340 These are dated back to the time the stone circles of ancient abaddon 15 00:01:25,340 --> 00:01:27,700 she and other places were being constructed and 16 00:01:28,620 --> 00:01:32,840 and it just proves as well that they were working with 17 00:01:33,420 --> 00:01:38,579 Geometry in this quote from Alexander Tom is a good example of that. I just read it to you 18 00:01:39,099 --> 00:01:45,579 Only the period when megalithic man was setting out the sophisticated stone rings ... 19 00:01:46,180 --> 00:01:49,859 Mathematical knowledge and skill ever been reached before the 15th century AD 20 00:01:50,700 --> 00:01:57,659 Even today there are a few archaeologists capable of appreciating the underlying... 21 00:01:58,539 --> 00:02:02,780 Clearly evident when you look at some of these now for those that don't know anythi... 22 00:02:02,780 --> 00:02:06,179 I've got a couple of examples up here. I can just show you kind of 23 00:02:07,980 --> 00:02:14,159 They fit in your hand so here's two here this one is actually a copy made by Nicholas Cope 24 00:02:14,419 --> 00:02:17,659 This is on display in the British Museum. Not this one in particular 25 00:02:17,699 --> 00:02:19,979 I haven't stolen it or anything and this is a 26 00:02:20,659 --> 00:02:26,859 Replica of the one that was recently found on the nest of Brodgar in Orkney. I bought th... 27 00:02:26,859 --> 00:02:28,259 It's not the original 28 00:02:28,259 --> 00:02:33,479 These are six sided six bosses is the preferred way. I like to call them 29 00:02:33,979 --> 00:02:39,359 But there are many different size and shapes, but they generally fit in your hand. They'... 30 00:02:42,659 --> 00:02:44,659 Don't they're rolling away now 31 00:02:44,659 --> 00:02:52,139 So 420 or some people say 425 for being found but some are so worn some are so damaged s... 32 00:02:52,900 --> 00:02:54,900 It's hard to get an accurate number 33 00:02:55,699 --> 00:02:59,180 169 probably 172 or 73 by now 34 00:02:59,900 --> 00:03:02,740 With new discoveries come from Aberdeenshire alone 35 00:03:04,219 --> 00:03:09,539 So we've seen some even in England all the way down south to Bridlington in 36 00:03:09,859 --> 00:03:15,539 Yorkshire which is the area of the Ruddston monolith the tallest stone in Britain 37 00:03:16,459 --> 00:03:19,479 Here are some examples. These are found. These are actually the ones 38 00:03:21,019 --> 00:03:26,079 That are in the Ashmolean Museum's collection only only two of them are now on display 39 00:03:26,620 --> 00:03:31,519 Unfortunately, most of them were around three inches in diameter or seven and a half... 40 00:03:31,859 --> 00:03:35,139 Some go up to three point six inches or nine 41 00:03:35,539 --> 00:03:39,139 Centimeters and the date dating is any from anywhere between 42 00:03:40,179 --> 00:03:44,099 3200 BC and 1500 BC or most are probably around 43 00:03:45,019 --> 00:03:47,019 2500 or thereabouts 44 00:03:47,339 --> 00:03:52,500 Some of them most of them in fact show beautiful craftsmanship and symmetry and... 45 00:03:53,819 --> 00:03:56,179 Others look quite rough badly made 46 00:03:57,179 --> 00:04:01,619 Irregular as though they're kind of training tools for the people who are making them 47 00:04:02,099 --> 00:04:03,620 But some of them 48 00:04:03,620 --> 00:04:09,180 Some research has been done and there does seem to be a standard unit of measure may... 49 00:04:09,740 --> 00:04:13,520 Created as in that we find in some of the stone circles 50 00:04:14,060 --> 00:04:16,060 It's just one of 51 00:04:16,980 --> 00:04:21,399 The stone circles up in Aberdeen you can see it's quite a beautiful sight 52 00:04:21,399 --> 00:04:27,860 These are called recumbent stone circles, and this is just some aerial shots. I got with... 53 00:04:28,420 --> 00:04:32,580 And you can just see this is this is like a show site really this is 54 00:04:33,379 --> 00:04:40,420 One of the ones but you can see it's a classic stone circle. It's got a recumbent... 55 00:04:42,379 --> 00:04:44,379 We'll just show you a better image of that 56 00:04:45,980 --> 00:04:47,980 So you can see like you've got the 57 00:04:48,660 --> 00:04:51,780 The classic circle. This is all been reconstructed 58 00:04:51,780 --> 00:04:54,620 This is like I say a show site you've got the two work all flankers 59 00:04:54,699 --> 00:05:01,500 And you've got the recumbent stone in the middle here and often these a huge this is... 60 00:05:02,579 --> 00:05:07,540 And this is called East a quartz. This I think is how you pronounce it Martin can... 61 00:05:08,220 --> 00:05:11,879 It has bright pink granite most of it with quartz streaks 62 00:05:12,300 --> 00:05:19,660 There were at least 150 of these recumbent type stone circles in Aberdeenshire, but... 63 00:05:20,660 --> 00:05:24,740 Some of the recumbent stones weigh up to 60 tons and 64 00:05:25,220 --> 00:05:32,060 The two flankers sit either side with the recumbent to almost like frame the landsca... 65 00:05:32,140 --> 00:05:35,740 What they were doing regarding watching the night sky? 66 00:05:36,460 --> 00:05:39,940 And you can just get a sense of the the style here 67 00:05:42,340 --> 00:05:47,460 This is another one this is called Midmar Kirk, which is now being built up around a 68 00:05:48,219 --> 00:05:50,219 Church has been built up around it 69 00:05:50,579 --> 00:05:52,579 It's pretty small 70 00:05:52,699 --> 00:05:56,539 It's not particularly large one, but just to get a sense of the positioning of this 71 00:05:56,539 --> 00:06:01,039 I thought this was quite interesting because you're literally in a churchyard, which is... 72 00:06:01,740 --> 00:06:03,740 archaeologists and later generations 73 00:06:04,219 --> 00:06:08,579 But you do get that a lot obviously with sites all across the country 74 00:06:11,419 --> 00:06:13,419 And here we have another one 75 00:06:14,420 --> 00:06:18,540 This is called Sun Honey, this is actually in a beautiful woodland and 76 00:06:19,140 --> 00:06:22,360 You can just get a sense of the landscape and everything around it 77 00:06:22,620 --> 00:06:26,220 But these spheres have not actually been found in the stone circle 78 00:06:26,220 --> 00:06:32,780 So just clear that one up and none of them have been found directly in Aberdeenshire... 79 00:06:33,100 --> 00:06:37,660 Archaeological site there's a couple of sites which will mention Nessa Brodgar being one... 80 00:06:37,660 --> 00:06:42,540 We've actually been found within a site. They're found generally 81 00:06:43,420 --> 00:06:48,960 In the area of the Grampian Mountains in the Fertile Valley nearby 82 00:06:49,780 --> 00:06:50,980 and 83 00:06:50,980 --> 00:06:57,080 They're generally found in what is believed to be fields where they were growing thing... 84 00:06:57,600 --> 00:07:04,259 Soon because that could be one of their purposes is to actually be part of the... 85 00:07:05,500 --> 00:07:09,460 Agricultural scientific process. Here's a few examples of 86 00:07:10,259 --> 00:07:18,259 Some of the flankers and recumbent stones and it's thought that they frame a lot of the... 87 00:07:19,219 --> 00:07:21,779 Between you know within this kind of framed shape 88 00:07:22,859 --> 00:07:30,299 Here we have an example of how the moon would move between the minimum and the maximum... 89 00:07:30,779 --> 00:07:33,459 This is Cothymere wood, if that's pronounced correctly 90 00:07:34,459 --> 00:07:39,620 And this is from Aubrey Bells, but we also feature this in my book on stone circles a... 91 00:07:40,459 --> 00:07:42,459 Megalith studies in stone and 92 00:07:42,939 --> 00:07:46,419 Just yeah more examples here that up at that latitude 93 00:07:46,419 --> 00:07:49,819 You get a lot of moon activity and a lot of sites are aligned to the moon 94 00:07:49,819 --> 00:07:54,579 We get this obviously a Kalanish on the outer Hebrides, Orkney as well 95 00:07:56,019 --> 00:08:01,859 Because of the northern latitudes, this was much a better area to measure the moon cycles 96 00:08:02,780 --> 00:08:09,379 This is a map of some most of the Aberdeenshire stone circles some are... 97 00:08:10,500 --> 00:08:15,780 Some possible ones on here again. This is from Aubrey Bells book on stone circles 98 00:08:17,340 --> 00:08:22,379 And this you know, if you look if you compare it this is the area of Aberdeenshire here... 99 00:08:22,860 --> 00:08:24,860 And then you look at where these spheres are 100 00:08:24,939 --> 00:08:30,020 They're pretty much congregating around this particular spot, although they're not find... 101 00:08:30,019 --> 00:08:35,299 So these are the ones with three bosses and four bosses they call them knobs here, but... 102 00:08:36,379 --> 00:08:42,059 And the so this is just some analysis done by various various researchers 103 00:08:42,299 --> 00:08:50,620 And it was thought really that they were Pictish stones originally because they wer... 104 00:08:51,579 --> 00:08:55,340 rehashing old and megalithic spirals and geometries and things like this 105 00:08:55,820 --> 00:09:02,139 Some have been found on the islands as well as Orkney on Skye, Iona, Lewis, Harris, Ar... 106 00:09:03,139 --> 00:09:07,860 And they now think about 14 have been found in total on Orkney maybe 15 107 00:09:09,019 --> 00:09:13,660 And he just shows you where they are this this just shows you how many bosses they'v... 108 00:09:13,660 --> 00:09:16,620 We've got between five and seven six eight or nine 109 00:09:17,259 --> 00:09:19,259 ten to fifty five 110 00:09:19,259 --> 00:09:21,259 Ten to fifty five 111 00:09:21,259 --> 00:09:27,100 And eight to fifty six or more kind of protrusions or bosses or knobs, whatever y... 112 00:09:27,779 --> 00:09:29,700 and we have 113 00:09:29,700 --> 00:09:33,799 Decorated ones are found mainly in this area here, which we'll have a look at some... 114 00:09:33,799 --> 00:09:35,799 Obviously as we go through the talk 115 00:09:37,059 --> 00:09:43,419 Only eight have been found maybe a few more by now because this was recorded by Alexan... 116 00:09:43,580 --> 00:09:47,500 The eight spheres have been found near Kist, Cairns or Tumuli 117 00:09:48,379 --> 00:09:51,539 And there's one at Craigbeg, Loch Nagar 118 00:09:53,019 --> 00:09:59,779 There's one at Breke which is I believe now Montrose Museum and it's number 22 if you... 119 00:10:00,460 --> 00:10:04,159 A third one was found in Cairn Robin in King Cardene 120 00:10:04,419 --> 00:10:07,559 If you know these sites up in Scotland, you'll know what I'm talking about 121 00:10:07,820 --> 00:10:12,759 So only a few very few have been found in actual archaeological context 122 00:10:13,720 --> 00:10:17,879 This one there's one here this is just an example of a tumulus up in Aberdeenshire 123 00:10:18,799 --> 00:10:22,159 Tumulus at Muckle Geddes, Nan has been found 124 00:10:23,080 --> 00:10:24,279 seven 125 00:10:24,279 --> 00:10:26,279 with seven bosses on at Budfield 126 00:10:27,080 --> 00:10:29,080 Buck Hall a six 127 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:35,360 Bost stone has been found one even was found at a place called the Lion of Muke 128 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:38,080 Was embedded in black mold 129 00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:42,279 Whatever that means exactly and it's a very interesting example 130 00:10:42,759 --> 00:10:47,600 It was three feet under the surface. So there's a few strange examples and one 131 00:10:48,319 --> 00:10:53,559 Interestingly, this is actually cut marks on here. You can't see it very clearly but th... 132 00:10:53,559 --> 00:10:57,200 This is a site called the Druid's Circle in Loch Urn Head 133 00:10:58,279 --> 00:11:04,759 And this is the first indication that they were linked with the cut marks, which some... 134 00:11:06,480 --> 00:11:11,439 So here's some really beautiful little examples here just wanted to show you from... 135 00:11:12,440 --> 00:11:19,840 The convenience size them because they can fit into your hand quite easily people oft... 136 00:11:19,840 --> 00:11:22,880 Or even hunting projectiles or even fishing weights 137 00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:29,120 Alexander Smith, they said they could have been attached to wooden handles to make ax... 138 00:11:30,200 --> 00:11:36,360 And Dorothy and Marshall did the most work in the 70s on this and she appreciated the sk... 139 00:11:37,240 --> 00:11:39,399 Quality and geometry of the stones 140 00:11:39,399 --> 00:11:46,139 But she doesn't think which is pretty obvious that they were used as projectiles or weap... 141 00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:50,519 And they would have been chipped and so forth 142 00:11:50,800 --> 00:11:56,879 But what really drew me into this little subject was the work of Keith Critchlow an... 143 00:11:57,080 --> 00:12:00,659 Keith actually was here at the back at the Assembly Rooms way back in 144 00:12:01,159 --> 00:12:05,960 2007 and he shared his brilliant research on the geometry of stone circles 145 00:12:06,519 --> 00:12:13,480 The stone spheres were included in that and he his research when he was writing time... 146 00:12:13,480 --> 00:12:15,320 on megalithic science 147 00:12:15,320 --> 00:12:22,820 He noticed 3d geometric forms that look surprisingly close to the platonic solids ... 148 00:12:23,039 --> 00:12:25,039 combinations and so forth 149 00:12:25,120 --> 00:12:26,600 He wrote 150 00:12:26,600 --> 00:12:33,240 What we have objects clearly indicative of a degree of mathematical ability so far deni... 151 00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:35,759 archaeologist or mathematical historian 152 00:12:36,519 --> 00:12:41,159 And so what he did he got gathered some of these spheres supposedly from the Ashmolea... 153 00:12:41,159 --> 00:12:45,600 But we've checked and some of them he did have in this image here 154 00:12:45,600 --> 00:12:49,120 We've got some photos as well were not from the Ashmolean they were from somewhere else 155 00:12:49,120 --> 00:12:54,139 He must have had access to a private collection, but these are the ones that we... 156 00:12:55,480 --> 00:12:57,480 When they were discovered 157 00:12:59,039 --> 00:13:01,879 Let's show the different solids. This is an interesting one 158 00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:05,480 This was on this is actually still on display at the Ashmolean Museum 159 00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:11,259 You can actually go there what level of some up-to-date photos shortly, but this is a... 160 00:13:12,120 --> 00:13:14,120 Cube and an octahedron 161 00:13:14,480 --> 00:13:17,799 If you look, you know if you go to the center of these points here 162 00:13:18,799 --> 00:13:24,939 Center of these sort of raised circles you get an octahedron like a two pyramids one ... 163 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:27,200 Then you have the cube 164 00:13:27,680 --> 00:13:29,680 Forming here and then going back as well 165 00:13:29,720 --> 00:13:36,640 So you have a cube octahedron which is unheard of at 3000 BC because none of this... 166 00:13:37,120 --> 00:13:39,120 discovered really 167 00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:42,600 Until Plato 500 BC or thereabouts 168 00:13:43,400 --> 00:13:45,400 And the Greeks at that time 169 00:13:45,520 --> 00:13:51,680 You know talked about the different aspects of the different geometries and there were... 170 00:13:52,479 --> 00:13:57,639 Archetypes of the earth air fire and water and the fifth the dodecahedron I believe 171 00:13:58,519 --> 00:14:02,959 Being the ether and so forth. So there's different aspects here to look at 172 00:14:04,239 --> 00:14:08,199 These are the ones that are actually on display in the British Museum 173 00:14:08,199 --> 00:14:13,539 You can actually go and see these yourself. This is one of them here. Just the six sid... 174 00:14:16,599 --> 00:14:17,959 And 175 00:14:17,960 --> 00:14:23,280 This one is obviously got multiple ones and this is a different style. This is like... 176 00:14:25,920 --> 00:14:32,240 This again this is from up on Orkney this one but they do range really from three 177 00:14:33,920 --> 00:14:35,920 Bosses to 160 178 00:14:36,280 --> 00:14:42,080 One sphere smaller than the size of a tennis ball an incredibly hard stone. Some are ma... 179 00:14:42,360 --> 00:14:44,360 Some are made from black diorite 180 00:14:44,840 --> 00:14:49,879 Some are made from very quartz rich crystal type stone. Most are made from sandstone 181 00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:52,160 and 182 00:14:52,160 --> 00:14:57,720 And they're just incredibly difficult to produce most of these as anyone who's... 183 00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:02,280 But he just shows you some examples of the different patterns that we find on them as... 184 00:15:04,920 --> 00:15:09,759 We have more examples here from Dorothy Marshall's work and you can just see we'll... 185 00:15:09,759 --> 00:15:14,120 These as well, but just to give you you know more details. This one's actually up in... 186 00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:18,679 Sorry in the Glasgow Museum. This one's actually now up in Orkney 187 00:15:22,879 --> 00:15:27,279 And this is the one it's an actual photo of the one which I have a copy of here 188 00:15:27,559 --> 00:15:34,460 Which is found recently just a couple of years ago 2013 to the nest of Brodgar, whi... 189 00:15:34,820 --> 00:15:36,820 Which is an amazing site in itself 190 00:15:36,820 --> 00:15:39,860 We'll have we'll have some images and discussion about that soon 191 00:15:39,860 --> 00:15:44,860 But they now believe it dates to around 3600 possibly 3700 BC 192 00:15:45,180 --> 00:15:49,060 So it's contemporary or even slightly older than West Kennet Longbarrow 193 00:15:50,379 --> 00:15:54,100 We'll talk more about that soon. We'll look at some nice images of that. The Esmoli... 194 00:15:54,100 --> 00:16:00,740 We saw the ones that Keith Critchlow analyzed. We went up there last year just ... 195 00:16:00,899 --> 00:16:02,899 And here we have 196 00:16:03,100 --> 00:16:07,180 This is the the classic one. This is sandstone and 197 00:16:08,019 --> 00:16:11,899 No details exactly but it's found near Aberdeen in 1885 198 00:16:12,460 --> 00:16:18,580 But again, this is the cube octahedron one that we saw a minute ago a different angle... 199 00:16:18,580 --> 00:16:25,419 So you can see there how they're clearly trying to define different spherical... 200 00:16:25,899 --> 00:16:31,740 This has got 14 bosses on it from King Cardin and 1890 it was discovered 201 00:16:31,740 --> 00:16:35,740 So we're looking at you know where they experimented with geometry or was it more... 202 00:16:35,740 --> 00:16:38,939 That is the question and these are really the only two that are on display 203 00:16:38,939 --> 00:16:45,419 Unfortunately, why they just don't put five on display baffles me because they certain... 204 00:16:46,459 --> 00:16:49,459 These are them, but they don't put them on display. So it's unfortunate 205 00:16:49,540 --> 00:16:56,940 All of these were found in Aberdeenshire and they show slightly different styles and... 206 00:16:58,580 --> 00:17:00,580 Again, these are the ones from the British Museum 207 00:17:01,620 --> 00:17:06,819 There's some better images here to see get see some examples again. These were all fo... 208 00:17:06,819 --> 00:17:10,019 There's even one on display in Salisbury Museum 209 00:17:10,019 --> 00:17:13,019 So me and JJ were delighted when we found these on display 210 00:17:13,579 --> 00:17:18,660 As you can see from our delighted faces there is there in the background and also in the... 211 00:17:19,660 --> 00:17:21,420 again 212 00:17:21,420 --> 00:17:23,420 Very interesting design 213 00:17:24,940 --> 00:17:29,740 Possibly a cube octahedron as well. We couldn't you couldn't really get round to ... 214 00:17:29,740 --> 00:17:32,539 So I'd like to get it out and handle it and see what's going on 215 00:17:33,660 --> 00:17:35,660 One of the things about these which is interesting is that 216 00:17:35,740 --> 00:17:41,259 I've been doing as much research as I can on this is that even the protrusions the boss... 217 00:17:41,980 --> 00:17:49,019 They were always curved as though it was originally a sphere and they carved into i... 218 00:17:49,019 --> 00:17:50,380 so 219 00:17:50,380 --> 00:17:56,140 You might have these protrusions here, but originally all the protrusions are shaped... 220 00:17:56,700 --> 00:17:59,660 So you all have a sphere and you can see the shape of it 221 00:17:59,660 --> 00:18:04,380 So you always going to get they always did them all like that apparently which is... 222 00:18:05,100 --> 00:18:10,060 Scarabray and Orkney who went up here last year did a bit of an exploration for a wee... 223 00:18:11,100 --> 00:18:13,100 And this just shows you it 224 00:18:13,660 --> 00:18:15,340 Kind of from the air 225 00:18:15,340 --> 00:18:17,340 So we'll just get you know me with my jet pack 226 00:18:18,140 --> 00:18:21,100 Just checking it out. This is an amazing place obviously 227 00:18:23,100 --> 00:18:24,860 The 228 00:18:24,859 --> 00:18:27,979 Just checking it out. This is an amazing place obviously 229 00:18:29,819 --> 00:18:31,819 Quite old 230 00:18:31,879 --> 00:18:34,379 3180 bc to 2500 bc 231 00:18:35,099 --> 00:18:37,099 So it's europe's most complete 232 00:18:38,619 --> 00:18:44,779 Megalithic or neolithic village with eight clustered houses just by the sea as you ca... 233 00:18:46,459 --> 00:18:53,819 And some stone spheres have been found here which are on display in the museum at the... 234 00:18:55,259 --> 00:18:57,259 And 235 00:18:59,579 --> 00:19:02,779 This just shows you a flyover of the site so you get some sense of it 236 00:19:06,619 --> 00:19:10,779 And some of the symbols that are found on some of the spheres which we'll look at in... 237 00:19:12,139 --> 00:19:15,339 Very intriguing because they've been found on bed on sort of bed posts 238 00:19:15,899 --> 00:19:17,899 stone lintels at scarabray 239 00:19:19,419 --> 00:19:23,579 And they show some interesting geometry almost like they're sort of carving out so... 240 00:19:24,539 --> 00:19:26,699 But that just gives you a sense of the site itself 241 00:19:27,500 --> 00:19:34,220 And these are you know, these are some of the things some of the shapes that have been... 242 00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:37,819 I'm not going to go into detail here, but you see the zigzags 243 00:19:38,699 --> 00:19:40,699 sort of chevrons diamonds 244 00:19:41,899 --> 00:19:44,379 Almost like a language here. It's absolutely amazing 245 00:19:45,500 --> 00:19:48,699 All around this area also in stennis as well. This is on the broadcast stone 246 00:19:50,379 --> 00:19:52,799 And these are some classic ones from scarabray 247 00:19:54,379 --> 00:20:00,859 Some unusual ones not really sphere this one is it that looks like a weapon to me almos... 248 00:20:01,500 --> 00:20:07,019 Um, this one has got multiple bosses on it. This one here. It's got some this got simi... 249 00:20:07,659 --> 00:20:13,019 What we just saw in the previous image some of that we find on some of the other stone... 250 00:20:13,579 --> 00:20:17,899 Some really beautiful photos from the official website. I credit them for that 251 00:20:18,380 --> 00:20:24,300 And here as well this is like a you know, perfect sphere pretty much with with these... 252 00:20:27,019 --> 00:20:29,660 Some people refer to them as runic writings 253 00:20:30,220 --> 00:20:35,580 But I don't really believe that is the case because they're obviously much much older... 254 00:20:37,580 --> 00:20:39,580 They were carved much later, obviously 255 00:20:39,580 --> 00:20:44,700 Um, and these are some of the other strange objects that have been found are on displa... 256 00:20:45,100 --> 00:20:48,299 Let's whip through these fairly quickly. These aren't particularly geometric 257 00:20:49,180 --> 00:20:50,059 or 258 00:20:50,059 --> 00:20:51,259 um 259 00:20:51,259 --> 00:20:57,100 Beautiful, you know in any way, but they're worth noting. This is probably one that's... 260 00:20:58,140 --> 00:21:00,140 This is the classic one again 261 00:21:02,059 --> 00:21:04,059 This one's I don't know what happened to this one 262 00:21:04,860 --> 00:21:07,740 Something weird happened like it's melted 263 00:21:08,380 --> 00:21:12,620 We have an almost perfect sphere there then we have a hold stone which the spheres can... 264 00:21:12,619 --> 00:21:15,500 So whether you know part of some kind of game at scarabray 265 00:21:16,459 --> 00:21:19,419 Um, and then these ones here. This is again this very strange one 266 00:21:21,019 --> 00:21:22,939 Very odd shaped 267 00:21:22,939 --> 00:21:27,419 Oh, we've got the same photo in there again. Then we have these things as well. This is... 268 00:21:28,539 --> 00:21:30,539 But these were found at scarabray 269 00:21:31,419 --> 00:21:35,500 Again, we have some kind of carvings possibly a language on them 270 00:21:37,500 --> 00:21:39,819 Their purpose is pretty much unclear 271 00:21:40,619 --> 00:21:43,740 But worth noting because they were found in the same areas 272 00:21:44,379 --> 00:21:48,779 As the stone spheres this is from coin s. It's also an ediborah museum 273 00:21:49,500 --> 00:21:55,099 Again with some unusual shaped ones here. Just thought I'd throw these in there. So... 274 00:21:55,500 --> 00:22:00,939 But the nesa broadcard in orkney is fascinating place. They excavate every sum... 275 00:22:00,939 --> 00:22:04,619 We went up there at the very beginning of their excavations last year 276 00:22:05,339 --> 00:22:09,899 Um had an amazing time got to interview the lead archaeologist there 277 00:22:12,379 --> 00:22:16,219 And the skill not just in the stone circle here, this is obviously 278 00:22:17,179 --> 00:22:21,579 The nesa broadcard the big stone circle and you can see in the distance that is 279 00:22:22,299 --> 00:22:24,299 basically there is 280 00:22:24,699 --> 00:22:26,699 The nesa broadcard 281 00:22:28,779 --> 00:22:31,659 You can just get a sail do a little flyover just to get a sense of it 282 00:22:32,540 --> 00:22:33,660 Um 283 00:22:33,660 --> 00:22:38,140 But it's a huge stone circle there's lots of recon they're kind of fixing the land ther... 284 00:22:38,220 --> 00:22:40,220 It's not the most beautiful thing to visit 285 00:22:41,019 --> 00:22:45,820 Currently, but this is the strip of land and at the other end of this strip of land 286 00:22:46,540 --> 00:22:48,540 we have um 287 00:22:48,540 --> 00:22:51,660 We have the stones of stannis these ones here 288 00:22:52,460 --> 00:22:54,460 Only a few of these are left 289 00:22:54,460 --> 00:22:57,180 But you can get a sense of the kind of blade like 290 00:22:57,740 --> 00:23:02,620 Uh monoliths that are here, which is really quite beautiful quite remarkable 291 00:23:03,340 --> 00:23:08,060 Um, absolutely stunning if I managed to catch it when when no one was there with some ni... 292 00:23:09,500 --> 00:23:12,940 Yeah, just sort of gaze at that for hours and then we have um 293 00:23:15,900 --> 00:23:18,779 Yeah, this used to be a much more complete circle obviously 294 00:23:20,060 --> 00:23:23,740 and it's some ideas floating around about this because um 295 00:23:24,620 --> 00:23:30,960 There's an idea that this area was some kind of neolithic university area and there was... 296 00:23:32,940 --> 00:23:37,819 Where the stones where the spheres could have even originated they could have been the... 297 00:23:38,460 --> 00:23:44,460 In the site itself in the actual nesa broadcard this area here got stannis just ... 298 00:23:44,859 --> 00:23:47,980 Broadcard nesa broadcard here is where this sphere was found 299 00:23:48,620 --> 00:23:55,180 So this is actually found in structure 10 almost like holding up some kind of stones... 300 00:23:55,500 --> 00:23:58,860 Which is one of the only that is really being discovered 301 00:23:59,420 --> 00:24:00,940 um 302 00:24:00,940 --> 00:24:04,059 In in that you know in an archaeological context 303 00:24:05,099 --> 00:24:11,660 The first groove pottery was supposedly designed and used up here in this area and... 304 00:24:11,900 --> 00:24:19,340 So did therefore other things spread southwards from there did the ideas of sto... 305 00:24:20,220 --> 00:24:24,700 The mega, you know using megalithic measurements did that spread south did the... 306 00:24:24,700 --> 00:24:28,460 So what's going on? Is this one of the origin points of the megalithic culture? 307 00:24:28,460 --> 00:24:33,420 This is one of the big questions which is still being researched currently as they g... 308 00:24:35,019 --> 00:24:40,380 The research here, this is actually the excavation that's taking place. We're goin... 309 00:24:40,940 --> 00:24:43,900 Just to have a look around and look at a few extra sites 310 00:24:44,860 --> 00:24:49,900 It was structure 10 was first discovered in 2000. There were several structures there... 311 00:24:51,900 --> 00:24:54,940 It's about 82 feet long 66 feet wide 312 00:24:55,740 --> 00:24:57,740 and it had had a kind of 313 00:24:58,360 --> 00:25:00,540 Standing stone with a hole which is what we saw 314 00:25:01,740 --> 00:25:04,300 Uh, it's built into one of the walls 315 00:25:04,940 --> 00:25:08,800 And there's a new structure there. They were just just starting to excavate 316 00:25:09,759 --> 00:25:10,879 Um 317 00:25:10,879 --> 00:25:13,039 Which I don't i'm not sure if i've got images of it here 318 00:25:13,200 --> 00:25:20,480 Which they found some recumbent almost like on their thin sides on the ground almost l... 319 00:25:21,039 --> 00:25:24,879 Just lying on the ground as though they were once originally standing up in this... 320 00:25:24,960 --> 00:25:30,639 And then they've laid them down not laid them down flat, but on their sides. They're lik... 321 00:25:32,720 --> 00:25:35,839 And structure 10 itself this part of the nesa broad guys about 322 00:25:35,899 --> 00:25:37,899 2400 to 323 00:25:37,899 --> 00:25:42,319 2200 bc and weirdly this it seems like this particular spot 324 00:25:43,199 --> 00:25:48,899 In structure 10 and just around there was a ceremonial area because when it was closed... 325 00:25:49,519 --> 00:25:55,679 Quite an extraordinary thing happened like a ceremonial demolition took place where the... 326 00:25:56,399 --> 00:26:01,599 Uh 400 potentially they found like many shin bones for some reason of these cattle 327 00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:03,439 um 328 00:26:03,440 --> 00:26:09,279 And upturned cow skull was placed within it the tibias appears have been cracked to... 329 00:26:09,680 --> 00:26:11,680 Suggesting this slaughter was occupied 330 00:26:11,740 --> 00:26:16,400 Accompanied by a feast and this all took place in one single event before they cove... 331 00:26:16,559 --> 00:26:20,880 And for some reason someone left a small stone sphere in that particular spot 332 00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:27,600 Really really weird really interesting. This is nick card. Um, I did a small interview... 333 00:26:27,600 --> 00:26:31,920 You can watch this on our youtube channel. Um, this is the lead archaeologist at the... 334 00:26:32,000 --> 00:26:34,000 He's been working on it for a few years now 335 00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:40,160 Uh, there's me and jj kind of hanging out with him. Um, I think all my questions are... 336 00:26:40,480 --> 00:26:42,480 Annoyed him after the first hour 337 00:26:42,560 --> 00:26:47,680 Um, but we managed to get a 10 minute interview with him and he's a very very ni... 338 00:26:47,759 --> 00:26:49,759 He's got a lovely dog as well 339 00:26:51,120 --> 00:26:56,960 So kirkwall museum so this is where the nesa broadcast stone is on display you can go a... 340 00:26:57,600 --> 00:27:00,000 Don't get confused with the golden one next door to it 341 00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:03,440 Um, for some reason someone's made one out of gold 342 00:27:04,640 --> 00:27:08,880 Like an artist and there's no they've done some proper analysis of the stone itself 343 00:27:09,839 --> 00:27:14,400 And there's no decorations on it. It's just a simple six-sided one, but even even it is... 344 00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:16,480 It's not one of the perfect ones 345 00:27:16,799 --> 00:27:18,960 There are some other ones in the museum 346 00:27:19,839 --> 00:27:24,079 Uh, this is found near mays howe although it's got no real carvings on it 347 00:27:24,079 --> 00:27:28,640 This is another one found in the area with a dimple kind of like a cut mark in it 348 00:27:29,360 --> 00:27:34,480 Some more irregular shaped ones that are on display in the museum found at various pla... 349 00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:39,200 This one i've got a little most i don't know what that is actually i'm not even gonna 350 00:27:42,400 --> 00:27:44,800 And there's a collection upstairs, I don't know if it's still there 351 00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:49,840 Anyone who's been up there can maybe confirm that james walls cursor. He was a collector 352 00:27:49,840 --> 00:27:52,800 There was another collector. I didn't didn't quite have time to get all the 353 00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:57,600 Details in here and he collected and found some of the stones of orkney and on the... 354 00:27:58,079 --> 00:28:01,199 There's me looking almost delighted that we found them 355 00:28:01,919 --> 00:28:04,639 But these are a good selection here. I think there's six or so there 356 00:28:05,439 --> 00:28:08,159 Maybe nine in total but not all not all spherical 357 00:28:09,039 --> 00:28:12,399 Um, and here are the ones on display and these are the ones, you know, I couldn't... 358 00:28:12,399 --> 00:28:15,519 We just didn't even know they were there. This was temporary exhibition 359 00:28:15,519 --> 00:28:18,719 So we don't know if it's still there so we can't confirm that just yet 360 00:28:20,240 --> 00:28:25,039 Um, but you see some good good different examples here beautiful kind of concentric... 361 00:28:25,359 --> 00:28:30,639 This one's been almost looks like it's made of putty, but it's actually extremely hard... 362 00:28:33,359 --> 00:28:36,639 Some more examples here from a different collector, I believe 363 00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:42,960 Quite a rough one here, but it looks like it's got bosses on it. You can kind of see... 364 00:28:44,399 --> 00:28:46,399 This one's kind of intriguing. Um 365 00:28:47,599 --> 00:28:50,240 Can't really it's difficult to explain you can just look at the pictures 366 00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:55,120 But it's got these you know, very small bosses and it's got these circular things... 367 00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:00,720 I'm not sure what they're supposed to represent but it's fascinating nonetheless... 368 00:29:00,720 --> 00:29:03,519 I forget how many are on this one. I think it might be 14 369 00:29:05,200 --> 00:29:08,079 And we have this one here found on sanday 370 00:29:10,559 --> 00:29:13,440 And this beautiful one here is absolutely it's quite a fascinating one 371 00:29:13,440 --> 00:29:17,359 It's not the most not the best one the best one i'm going to look at soon. It's the ta... 372 00:29:17,919 --> 00:29:21,119 But again, you can see it's you know, there's a lot of work goes into these and they're... 373 00:29:21,199 --> 00:29:24,559 They're not going to take that long to make but it's a lot of work, you know 374 00:29:24,639 --> 00:29:29,759 So you have to kind of consider that even these ones are quite strange. These these... 375 00:29:29,759 --> 00:29:34,559 It's almost like they're playing with putty and they've shaped it, but it's not this i... 376 00:29:37,279 --> 00:29:43,759 I think this is actually a six-sided one. This could even be a cube octahedral becau... 377 00:29:43,839 --> 00:29:45,839 It's difficult to tell here 378 00:29:47,359 --> 00:29:51,519 And a perfectly spherical one and it's found with all these maces as well in the area 379 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:55,919 This one was found at lochengar. I couldn't find where the stone is now 380 00:29:56,479 --> 00:30:01,759 But it's quite stunning. It's got concentric circles with these kind of almost scales... 381 00:30:03,279 --> 00:30:05,279 The bosses 382 00:30:05,279 --> 00:30:06,879 this is 383 00:30:06,879 --> 00:30:10,099 The king's I think university museum in abadene 384 00:30:11,039 --> 00:30:16,959 Is me just finding three of them that are on display there apparently they've got about... 385 00:30:17,839 --> 00:30:22,079 Um, and but they only sorry in their collection, but they only have three on... 386 00:30:23,359 --> 00:30:28,399 And these are those so you can see them here. It's quite hard to see there's really dark... 387 00:30:29,199 --> 00:30:33,679 Good light and good for the flash kind of bleached it out a little bit, but you get ... 388 00:30:35,359 --> 00:30:39,679 Kind of 3d kind of protrusion here coming out and you've got the grid pattern on this one 389 00:30:40,719 --> 00:30:43,519 Oh, you can see it better on that one. Actually, it's much better photo 390 00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:48,400 You can see the lines between them and you've got these almost like a grid all over it 391 00:30:49,920 --> 00:30:51,920 This is probably the one that has 156 392 00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:57,599 bosses on it if you want to call them that you have this one which is kind of like... 393 00:30:58,240 --> 00:31:02,319 Step kind of circular pyramid on each each side or six sides there 394 00:31:05,039 --> 00:31:09,519 And the main museum in edinburgh has some on display as well and some from scarab ray 395 00:31:10,160 --> 00:31:12,160 the national museum of scotland 396 00:31:12,800 --> 00:31:16,560 These are just the ones they have these are where they were found mainly in this area 397 00:31:16,560 --> 00:31:19,200 But also over here as well and obviously some scarab ray and orcney 398 00:31:20,400 --> 00:31:22,800 And then we have the classic this is the tauille ball 399 00:31:22,800 --> 00:31:28,740 We'll look at more closely soon on the left. We have more from scarab ray on the right... 400 00:31:29,519 --> 00:31:31,519 These ones here 401 00:31:31,920 --> 00:31:33,920 Again, we've got some quite 402 00:31:33,920 --> 00:31:35,920 interesting carvings on that one 403 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:40,160 And so and this one's actually got spirals on it. We'll have a close-up of that in a moment 404 00:31:40,320 --> 00:31:43,680 So i'm just giving you a quick I want you to see them all so you've got some idea 405 00:31:44,080 --> 00:31:47,279 Because um, it's quite hard to find these online. I've had martin morrison 406 00:31:47,279 --> 00:31:50,480 He helped me he sent me some pictures sent me some locations 407 00:31:50,560 --> 00:31:53,440 So credit him for that. I've got a couple of his photos in here as well 408 00:31:53,759 --> 00:31:57,360 These are a couple of others on display in the museum in edinburgh in a different room 409 00:31:57,920 --> 00:32:02,580 Just to confuse you and these were found at sites called bogmill montblary 410 00:32:03,840 --> 00:32:05,840 Which says on the sign 411 00:32:06,480 --> 00:32:09,679 But these are quite neat and tidy these this is a very neat and tidy one 412 00:32:09,679 --> 00:32:13,919 This one's pretty good as well, but you can see again. You can see the way it was... 413 00:32:15,679 --> 00:32:21,039 You know in between the gaps it creates a perfect sphere and also in that museum jus... 414 00:32:21,519 --> 00:32:23,359 I found a giant sword 415 00:32:23,359 --> 00:32:26,879 Which uh, I couldn't believe it when I saw that crikey 416 00:32:27,519 --> 00:32:28,959 It's like 417 00:32:28,959 --> 00:32:30,959 interesting but um 418 00:32:31,200 --> 00:32:32,880 Off subject slightly 419 00:32:32,880 --> 00:32:38,720 Right, so taui in abaddonia. This is the most really the most popular the most photographed 420 00:32:39,519 --> 00:32:44,160 The most documented stone sphere of them all and it's it's in the museum in edinburgh 421 00:32:44,160 --> 00:32:48,880 This photo is actually by martin credit him for that. Um, and you can see the beautifu... 422 00:32:49,440 --> 00:32:54,079 Um, it's almost it almost looks irish like new grange boy in valley style 423 00:32:55,120 --> 00:32:58,559 This is a photo here. This is from keith critchlow's book time stand still 424 00:33:00,960 --> 00:33:06,960 And this is a really beautiful little old illustration which gives you much more det... 425 00:33:07,759 --> 00:33:11,440 You've got like the zigzags and you get this almost like a really kind of abstract pattern 426 00:33:11,440 --> 00:33:18,720 But it's really precisely done. It's really being planned out this one and you even ha... 427 00:33:19,279 --> 00:33:21,279 Almost like pinheads 428 00:33:21,759 --> 00:33:24,240 More spirals here almost it's like a shell doesn't it? 429 00:33:25,680 --> 00:33:29,200 I need a photograph. I just discovered on the net. I don't know what whose this is or... 430 00:33:29,519 --> 00:33:34,160 It could actually be a replica that's been made or molded from it, but it shows you s... 431 00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:36,559 You get this strange thing here as well 432 00:33:37,440 --> 00:33:40,500 Uh going around it's not just straight lines you get chevrons 433 00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:44,720 All sorts of things all over absolutely stunning, but these spirals obviously 434 00:33:45,279 --> 00:33:50,319 Are being found all over the place and we know they've been found in scotland. We kn... 435 00:33:50,400 --> 00:33:53,200 So what's going on here? Why is this why is this like this? 436 00:33:53,840 --> 00:33:58,640 All over the place. This is in malta. Uh, you get the similar spirals obviously island t... 437 00:33:58,720 --> 00:34:00,720 But even in france 438 00:34:00,720 --> 00:34:06,080 Even in bolivia we find them at tuanaka, which i'll show you a bit later. We find t... 439 00:34:06,640 --> 00:34:08,559 this is um 440 00:34:08,559 --> 00:34:10,400 from uh 441 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:15,519 The glas there's two museums in glasgow. I visited a couple of photos here from marti... 442 00:34:16,960 --> 00:34:18,960 This is the hunteria museum 443 00:34:20,320 --> 00:34:24,240 And there's me looking almost happy to see the spheres they have 444 00:34:24,959 --> 00:34:29,599 12 here but they have 27 I think or 28 actually in their collection again 445 00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:34,479 Why don't they put them all on display? I can never understand this to get permission. Y... 446 00:34:35,259 --> 00:34:37,259 bureaucracy just to see them 447 00:34:37,439 --> 00:34:42,639 This one's this is a photo martin shared with me. It's better than the one I took so tha... 448 00:34:43,679 --> 00:34:48,479 And here you can see all of them here on display lots of different styles lots of... 449 00:34:48,480 --> 00:34:50,480 I'll have a look at some of them more closely 450 00:34:50,800 --> 00:34:58,079 In fact some of them there's even seven sided ones. There's 14 sided one. There's even o... 451 00:34:58,639 --> 00:35:00,639 pretty impressive in its own rhyme 452 00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:09,519 And it's probably that one there I would imagine you can see these kind of chevrons... 453 00:35:11,760 --> 00:35:15,519 This one was found in a place called hillhead, it's an ola orcney 454 00:35:15,679 --> 00:35:18,159 This one is the one with 86 bosses 455 00:35:21,599 --> 00:35:23,759 From the a henderson bishop collection 456 00:35:25,119 --> 00:35:27,759 Again, this is a classic six sided one 457 00:35:28,960 --> 00:35:31,679 Same one a different one again again six sided 458 00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:36,480 So just to give you an example where I'm not going to go into every single one because... 459 00:35:36,639 --> 00:35:40,880 The kelvin grove art gallery museum has three on display 460 00:35:40,960 --> 00:35:44,320 Quite good good examples actually you can see these here 461 00:35:49,680 --> 00:35:53,200 Found all in abaddon's here different parts of abaddon's here 462 00:35:53,200 --> 00:35:55,920 But we'll look closely at some of these to see you get a sense of them 463 00:35:56,640 --> 00:36:03,119 This one is very really did impress me if you sort of zoom in a little bit you can kind ... 464 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:07,280 We'll come back to that one in a moment. This is a classic six sided one better than the... 465 00:36:07,840 --> 00:36:13,200 We'll come back to that one in a moment. This is a classic six sided one very very you... 466 00:36:14,000 --> 00:36:15,840 again more detail 467 00:36:15,840 --> 00:36:19,540 Again, another six sided one a bit more simple with larger bosses 468 00:36:22,240 --> 00:36:25,840 And um, yeah, it's just uh, there's more details about these 469 00:36:25,840 --> 00:36:27,120 I haven't got all the photos in here 470 00:36:27,120 --> 00:36:31,760 But if you again on the youtube channel made a video about it's like a 30 minute sort o... 471 00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:36,800 So if you want to get uh, each of them I filmed all around and really carefully wit... 472 00:36:37,120 --> 00:36:39,120 So you can actually watch it 473 00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:41,120 Let's study them at your leisure 474 00:36:42,960 --> 00:36:47,360 This one was found actually in cumbria, which is one of the most southerly ones 475 00:36:48,160 --> 00:36:53,200 um, and this is again, it's I believe it's uh, four five-sided 476 00:36:53,820 --> 00:37:00,080 Bridlington again, I couldn't find an image of this one, but it was very close to the... 477 00:37:01,039 --> 00:37:03,039 Britain the ruts to monolith 478 00:37:03,599 --> 00:37:07,360 Which in a churchyard, it's looks like a massive. So it's almost as tall as the church 479 00:37:09,279 --> 00:37:15,759 But one was found this far south so it proves there could be a connection with these ver... 480 00:37:16,079 --> 00:37:18,319 Whether they were found at the sites or not 481 00:37:22,799 --> 00:37:25,920 And there are many theories about them goodness, um 482 00:37:26,799 --> 00:37:29,199 Many strange theories as well to be honest with you 483 00:37:29,599 --> 00:37:31,279 um 484 00:37:31,279 --> 00:37:37,279 In 1914 ludovic man, they were said that they were used as weights as part of some kind ... 485 00:37:37,519 --> 00:37:39,519 Due to their exact size and geometry 486 00:37:40,480 --> 00:37:44,719 Others, you know more recent researches have put forward that they were used to roll 487 00:37:45,359 --> 00:37:47,359 large megaliths on 488 00:37:47,599 --> 00:37:54,079 To move them about which makes sense if they're perfectly spherical, but if they'v... 489 00:37:54,079 --> 00:38:01,840 Other things that they were used to even like use divination tools. Uh, these are some v... 490 00:38:05,119 --> 00:38:07,119 Similar to the taui ball this one 491 00:38:09,279 --> 00:38:14,400 All in that kind of abaddonia fife as well, but look at these these are just stunning... 492 00:38:14,400 --> 00:38:16,400 That's actually the one we saw already 493 00:38:18,480 --> 00:38:21,599 Uh hunting projectiles fishing weights, um 494 00:38:22,559 --> 00:38:29,759 Uh and so on and so forth other ideas is that they were rolled around and used as oracle... 495 00:38:30,559 --> 00:38:36,239 Uh and interpreting the future if wherever, you know, you know depending on their you... 496 00:38:37,360 --> 00:38:40,319 Marshall dorothy marshall admitted this is a possibility 497 00:38:40,400 --> 00:38:45,920 Although the diversity of the shapes in the ball would make interpretation of the sign... 498 00:38:46,639 --> 00:38:51,519 Leads granton is a an author some of you may know that it's actually his this is the photo 499 00:38:51,519 --> 00:38:55,519 He sent me when he saw this in some art museum that it's like 500 00:38:56,000 --> 00:39:00,079 It's almost creating shapes in the sand or even in the mud in the case of scotland 501 00:39:01,599 --> 00:39:04,420 Where they would actually create patterns or like play things? 502 00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:10,880 Um 503 00:39:11,119 --> 00:39:14,079 Some people you know with the idea that they will wait is kind of interesting 504 00:39:14,079 --> 00:39:20,240 This was an idea put forward by a gentleman called major colville a farmer in kenya an... 505 00:39:21,200 --> 00:39:23,440 You know, they didn't like the weighing thing 506 00:39:24,079 --> 00:39:27,920 Um because they thought it could even weigh meals that were given to people 507 00:39:28,079 --> 00:39:28,240 You know 508 00:39:28,240 --> 00:39:33,360 It was part of the way you get the correct amount of food in the different societies ... 509 00:39:33,920 --> 00:39:39,760 So more far out theories suggest that they they look remarkably similar to microscopi... 510 00:39:40,080 --> 00:39:42,080 or even atoms 511 00:39:42,880 --> 00:39:47,600 How the ancients would have been able to see these in prehistoric times is unknown, but... 512 00:39:48,540 --> 00:39:51,380 Similarities are quite stunning in some cases 513 00:39:56,880 --> 00:40:00,000 And this is um, actually some atoms clusters of atoms 514 00:40:01,920 --> 00:40:06,160 Again forming the various geometries which do you know resemble the stone spheres, but 515 00:40:06,719 --> 00:40:10,319 Probably not you know directly connected although it could be some intuitive thing 516 00:40:10,319 --> 00:40:14,079 It could be a shamanic journey these people were doing ingesting various 517 00:40:14,619 --> 00:40:20,079 Psychotropic plants to reach these conclusions is quite possible. One of the... 518 00:40:20,639 --> 00:40:24,639 From researcher jeff nisbet who i've been chatting with about these um 519 00:40:25,519 --> 00:40:30,980 And he believes he wrote this article for atlantis rising magazine. This is all over... 520 00:40:31,940 --> 00:40:38,179 Um, he believes that they were used by the budding megalithic architects as a symbol ... 521 00:40:38,260 --> 00:40:40,260 Almost like a resume or a cv 522 00:40:40,740 --> 00:40:46,260 Um that you would show to your you know stone circle kind of employer 523 00:40:46,579 --> 00:40:49,940 So look I can do this I can build your stone circle. Give me a job 524 00:40:50,579 --> 00:40:52,579 So it was kind of that kind of thing 525 00:40:52,659 --> 00:40:53,460 um 526 00:40:53,460 --> 00:41:00,019 And but it doesn't explain why they weren't buried with the person in graves and they... 527 00:41:00,500 --> 00:41:05,559 In actual graves or in the priory collections that were passed down from generation to... 528 00:41:07,860 --> 00:41:12,900 Well, they could have been passed on to new graduates and things like this and then th... 529 00:41:13,300 --> 00:41:17,380 So it's worth checking out jeff nisbet's article. You can actually just google his... 530 00:41:17,860 --> 00:41:22,820 Scottish stone spheres and you'll find it's very very compelling piece of work goes in... 531 00:41:23,539 --> 00:41:25,539 Than I just did then 532 00:41:26,659 --> 00:41:28,659 Here's just some more examples here 533 00:41:30,099 --> 00:41:35,380 And you know the proximity to stone circles is interesting so we know they're connected 534 00:41:35,460 --> 00:41:41,940 We know they're in the same same time frame as the megalithic sites with orkney with... 535 00:41:42,019 --> 00:41:44,019 rudstom monolith and so forth 536 00:41:45,619 --> 00:41:50,980 But the the spirals as well have opened up a whole plethora of questions about you know 537 00:41:51,059 --> 00:41:57,219 Was that part of the symbol of the megalith builders as well and the geometry I think ... 538 00:41:57,379 --> 00:42:00,099 It has to be looked at quite more carefully I think 539 00:42:02,099 --> 00:42:04,279 On the top there you've got the cube octahedron 540 00:42:06,899 --> 00:42:09,059 And on the bottom of the bottom is a slightly 541 00:42:10,659 --> 00:42:14,659 Sort of cube and the tetrahedron and the bottom is cube and octahedron apparently 542 00:42:15,139 --> 00:42:20,179 And these ones are from dundee museum. I didn't get to see these so just this is fr... 543 00:42:20,659 --> 00:42:23,559 We have a tetrahedron and icosahedron and octahedron 544 00:42:24,440 --> 00:42:30,119 All in the same museum, so we know they were you know most certainly had an understandi... 545 00:42:30,840 --> 00:42:36,199 This is actually an image from keith critchlow's book who kind of you know... 546 00:42:37,079 --> 00:42:39,079 spheres into one 547 00:42:39,219 --> 00:42:45,159 Overriding kind of image and this is what he came up with and he believed you know afte... 548 00:42:45,239 --> 00:42:50,279 They were for the study comparison and analysis of spherically determined systems... 549 00:42:50,280 --> 00:42:52,600 And that was this pretty much his final conclusion 550 00:42:52,920 --> 00:42:58,840 We actually include this image in my book earth grids because it's remarkably simila... 551 00:42:59,000 --> 00:43:02,040 Obviously the earth's almost a sphere so it would fit 552 00:43:02,760 --> 00:43:04,760 And we even compared in the book 553 00:43:05,800 --> 00:43:07,800 the mid-atlantic ridge to 554 00:43:07,880 --> 00:43:08,680 the 555 00:43:08,680 --> 00:43:14,920 Geometry of the dodecahedron. This is a dodecahedron sphere which keith critchlow ... 556 00:43:15,320 --> 00:43:18,519 So whether there's a connection whether they were kind of trying to understand 557 00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:20,599 Um 558 00:43:20,599 --> 00:43:23,559 The sky and the earth as part of their 559 00:43:24,519 --> 00:43:25,559 system 560 00:43:25,559 --> 00:43:27,639 We're really not sure but um 561 00:43:28,519 --> 00:43:32,599 Professors beth haggans and william becker who originated the earth grid theory 562 00:43:33,079 --> 00:43:38,759 Wrote about this years and years ago back in the 80s and they describe them as planning... 563 00:43:39,239 --> 00:43:44,440 Quote not only for charting the heavens and building calendrical monuments, but were a... 564 00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:53,159 The meteorological study to develop and refine terrestrial maps for predicting maj... 565 00:43:53,559 --> 00:43:59,000 Were used to construct charts and maps for worldwide travel long before the appearanc... 566 00:43:59,240 --> 00:44:03,720 So that's their amazing idea of what these spheres may have been used for 567 00:44:04,840 --> 00:44:08,360 There's been some analysis done on the geometry and measurements of them 568 00:44:10,039 --> 00:44:12,039 And um 569 00:44:12,440 --> 00:44:18,920 The you know some interesting things i'm not a geometer i haven't studied geometry full... 570 00:44:20,599 --> 00:44:26,279 And but it's thought the geometric shapes in ancient traditions do have effects on... 571 00:44:27,400 --> 00:44:32,119 Even modern technology is mostly based on the twin variables of shape and material 572 00:44:32,840 --> 00:44:39,159 Where different shapes create different energetic effects just the different... 573 00:44:40,119 --> 00:44:42,119 And you know perhaps these were like 574 00:44:42,599 --> 00:44:47,239 Handheld devices of some sort which they knew how to read they knew how to work with 575 00:44:47,639 --> 00:44:52,279 Whether it be to work with the geometries to understand that it was mathematical... 576 00:44:53,059 --> 00:44:55,059 astronomical or even energetic 577 00:44:55,399 --> 00:44:59,239 Um is unknown the same way today. We might use a smartphone 578 00:44:59,239 --> 00:45:02,119 They may have somehow in a different form used these spheres 579 00:45:02,839 --> 00:45:05,719 As their elites, you know magical tool 580 00:45:09,559 --> 00:45:12,759 And yeah, just some images this is actually an interesting one of the earthquakes 581 00:45:12,759 --> 00:45:16,440 This is like a combination of the icos and the dodecahedron puffed out 582 00:45:17,319 --> 00:45:19,500 Into what's called a rhombic triacontohedron 583 00:45:21,079 --> 00:45:26,859 Which is again very similar to the things we've been seeing in the stone spheres 584 00:45:31,159 --> 00:45:37,399 And there have been some these are a couple that were found in ireland in la crue in f... 585 00:45:40,119 --> 00:45:46,759 And they were found very close to la crue I forget which can exactly all these ones he... 586 00:45:48,519 --> 00:45:52,679 They're now apparently on I didn't see them when I was there on display in the doublin... 587 00:45:53,000 --> 00:45:57,399 One's brown kind of iron stone ball three inches in diameter. So they're roughly the... 588 00:45:58,759 --> 00:46:00,759 And the other is granite 589 00:46:01,159 --> 00:46:06,599 One apparently according to michael point is paramagnetic. The other is diamagnetic... 590 00:46:06,839 --> 00:46:10,839 Which is thought now to stimulate growth in seeds so their placement in fields 591 00:46:11,719 --> 00:46:18,299 Could be relevant. They could have actually been to like control the natural telluric... 592 00:46:18,759 --> 00:46:25,159 That travel around in the surface of the earth to actually enhance seeds and grains... 593 00:46:25,719 --> 00:46:27,719 and 594 00:46:27,880 --> 00:46:29,880 Philip callahan and others 595 00:46:30,119 --> 00:46:36,460 That you know the ancients were working with these natural energies. It's been proven... 596 00:46:36,599 --> 00:46:41,239 Now it's not just what like you know lay hunters and geomancers have been saying... 597 00:46:41,719 --> 00:46:46,679 To back this up because I think this could be part of their purpose potentially maybe no... 598 00:46:46,679 --> 00:46:48,679 But certainly some of them 599 00:46:49,880 --> 00:46:53,420 And you know, we have to take this into consideration 600 00:46:55,159 --> 00:46:59,000 And also we know that la crue is another site in that area 601 00:46:59,960 --> 00:47:03,079 Do have astronomical alignments. They were certainly working with the heavens 602 00:47:03,639 --> 00:47:06,440 And another theory is that they were used as healing stones 603 00:47:06,759 --> 00:47:12,759 They were actually used for like massage and they were like you charge them up with the... 604 00:47:12,920 --> 00:47:17,799 And view them with power somehow and use them as healing stones, you know rubbing them o... 605 00:47:19,079 --> 00:47:21,079 Passing them around in different ways 606 00:47:21,480 --> 00:47:26,119 Charging them up and then placing them in the fields then using them for different purpo... 607 00:47:26,839 --> 00:47:30,759 And he or even as offerings leaving them in the land to the earth goddess 608 00:47:30,839 --> 00:47:35,400 Which again is like a representation of these different energies that we find in the earth 609 00:47:36,359 --> 00:47:38,359 So, you know, we have to consider these ideas 610 00:47:39,000 --> 00:47:41,880 None of it's been proven but it's worth looking at this 611 00:47:42,839 --> 00:47:44,119 Here's one 612 00:47:44,119 --> 00:47:46,119 Which you may not have seen before 613 00:47:46,759 --> 00:47:49,239 Strange thing about this one is that it was found in 614 00:47:50,119 --> 00:47:52,199 Around lake titicaca in bolivia 615 00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:55,719 Uh, this is actually on display in the 616 00:47:56,359 --> 00:48:01,480 Tijuanaque museum in la paz and I was pretty much astonished when I saw this 617 00:48:02,199 --> 00:48:03,719 um 618 00:48:03,719 --> 00:48:06,599 Uh first spotted this in 2014 when I was out there 619 00:48:09,319 --> 00:48:14,279 And it just gives you a sense of the size and the shape of it 620 00:48:16,039 --> 00:48:18,919 You can move around it's pretty much it's slightly like it's about 621 00:48:19,320 --> 00:48:25,320 It's probably about the size of the one from the british museum here maybe slightly lar... 622 00:48:27,480 --> 00:48:31,400 But you can see it's almost exactly the same style the six bosses 623 00:48:32,760 --> 00:48:35,880 And there it's quite accurately shaped all the way around 624 00:48:35,960 --> 00:48:42,119 It's like it would have been a sphere originally then carved down and all the... 625 00:48:42,680 --> 00:48:47,559 Look to them. So it's thought that this was some kind of gardening or agricultural tool 626 00:48:47,559 --> 00:48:50,440 That's what it says on the display case in spanish. I've got it translated 627 00:48:50,920 --> 00:48:55,799 I'm not so sure I think it's one of those anomalies you find it could be a pure... 628 00:48:56,199 --> 00:48:59,159 But it might not be there could be something else. It's something i'm looking into 629 00:48:59,239 --> 00:49:03,000 This is another one that was found there actually at tijuanaque. This is a cornerst... 630 00:49:03,559 --> 00:49:04,519 temples 631 00:49:04,519 --> 00:49:07,799 But other types of spheres have been found in that part of the world 632 00:49:07,799 --> 00:49:10,440 I've been traveling there quite a lot over the last decade or so 633 00:49:10,920 --> 00:49:16,840 So and I do find many things that correlate with european megalithic culture as well.... 634 00:49:17,559 --> 00:49:19,559 a place called lamper in 635 00:49:20,360 --> 00:49:22,119 In bolivia, I think 636 00:49:22,119 --> 00:49:26,920 This was actually in cusco. Now. These are just some spheres. I kind of looking throu... 637 00:49:27,639 --> 00:49:29,639 nothing geometric but 638 00:49:29,719 --> 00:49:33,079 And then this one was actually at naska. This is actually in a hotel 639 00:49:34,019 --> 00:49:36,019 archaeological display in naska 640 00:49:36,360 --> 00:49:40,360 uh, not exactly the same kind of thing as um 641 00:49:41,239 --> 00:49:43,239 the scottish stone spheres but 642 00:49:43,320 --> 00:49:44,199 worth 643 00:49:44,199 --> 00:49:50,279 Putting in there anyway, and these these were actually this is again what we find. This ... 644 00:49:53,159 --> 00:49:58,839 Excuse me, so this is actually at tijuanaque. This is a broken stone would have been lik... 645 00:50:01,480 --> 00:50:03,159 And you get these things 646 00:50:03,159 --> 00:50:08,039 All over this part of the world people don't realize the same symbolism. Excuse me the... 647 00:50:09,460 --> 00:50:12,679 Geometries again, this is the complete stone on the right there 648 00:50:14,199 --> 00:50:16,199 Okay 649 00:50:22,759 --> 00:50:26,279 This is actually the site on the left is silestani again, we have uh 650 00:50:26,919 --> 00:50:31,399 Spirals, this is a cycle picarra. These are all around lake titicaca different parts o... 651 00:50:32,359 --> 00:50:33,879 that's in um 652 00:50:33,879 --> 00:50:37,079 Peru this oh they're both in peru. That's very near bolivia this one 653 00:50:37,799 --> 00:50:41,719 We're going to be heading back there in november both of these sites. This was... 654 00:50:42,119 --> 00:50:45,559 Again, we see in the spiral. That's why you know throw some ideas around here 655 00:50:45,879 --> 00:50:53,799 This is spirals and you know circles from kilmartin glen in scotland and the bottom ... 656 00:50:55,559 --> 00:50:57,559 This is temple wood 657 00:50:57,639 --> 00:51:03,480 Again, we're seeing the spiral. It's just fascinating me and I kind of when I went t... 658 00:51:04,279 --> 00:51:06,199 something caught my eye because 659 00:51:06,199 --> 00:51:12,119 I saw this statue and I was utterly convinced that the people depicted in this statue we... 660 00:51:13,159 --> 00:51:15,159 Um, but I might be wrong 661 00:51:17,719 --> 00:51:22,039 I think that's proof of my theory once and for all 662 00:51:26,839 --> 00:51:29,079 Or maybe not 663 00:51:29,079 --> 00:51:29,480 And yeah 664 00:51:29,480 --> 00:51:33,159 Just so this is i'm just i'll just show you i want to show you a little bit of south... 665 00:51:33,159 --> 00:51:37,879 Because i've made some couple of discoveries while I was down there just you know leadi... 666 00:51:37,879 --> 00:51:40,199 Tionaku. I just wanted to show you that because it's amazing 667 00:51:41,480 --> 00:51:46,199 Also as you come across the atlantic and head in to south america 668 00:51:47,079 --> 00:51:48,759 on the way in 669 00:51:48,759 --> 00:51:52,839 Here in brazil along the amazon here the main area you come in 670 00:51:53,960 --> 00:51:55,960 Stone circle was found there. Um 671 00:51:56,759 --> 00:51:59,799 Which is pretty amazing. Um, no idea of the date of it just yet 672 00:51:59,800 --> 00:52:06,840 That's been doing work on it potentially a few thousand years old but an astronomical... 673 00:52:07,240 --> 00:52:14,039 Here on the way in from the atlantics that did you know were people coming over and... 674 00:52:14,680 --> 00:52:18,440 And i've just sort of played around with some ideas. I haven't done any research on it j... 675 00:52:18,760 --> 00:52:25,880 But there's reports all through the amazon not only of giants and things like this bu... 676 00:52:26,519 --> 00:52:28,200 written about 677 00:52:28,199 --> 00:52:33,159 Reported from the 1500s onwards when the first spanish and british explorers were... 678 00:52:33,399 --> 00:52:40,039 And more recently they found all these geometry these earthworks all over the pla... 679 00:52:41,000 --> 00:52:42,599 peruvian amazon 680 00:52:42,599 --> 00:52:47,799 Mainly in brazil but some of them are remarkable because they're very similar to... 681 00:52:47,799 --> 00:52:51,239 We find in britain and even north america. Some of them are even there's one 682 00:52:51,239 --> 00:52:55,319 I didn't get the photo in here unfortunately, but I do have it is uh, it looks like a... 683 00:52:55,720 --> 00:52:58,519 Shape which is one of alexander tombs geometries 684 00:52:59,800 --> 00:53:03,240 And i'm just going to finish up with uh, well, we're you know, south america 685 00:53:04,600 --> 00:53:07,960 There's a couple of things I just we discovered there when we were there recently 686 00:53:08,039 --> 00:53:15,320 This I didn't discover this this is quite well known. This is one of the big main... 687 00:53:15,960 --> 00:53:19,080 Here's a couple of the other of the statues. The reason i'm showing you these 688 00:53:19,880 --> 00:53:25,240 Is because I actually found one that had never been excavated or dug out the ground... 689 00:53:25,720 --> 00:53:31,800 This is just outside the main site about half a mile east of the main site at tionaku 690 00:53:31,880 --> 00:53:37,800 And we spent a few days there at this it was the best hotel in tionaku apparently and um 691 00:53:38,519 --> 00:53:43,960 It was pretty bad and uh tionaku hotel and this is the stump and this would have been... 692 00:53:45,080 --> 00:53:48,280 And it was just lying there and this is now I looked for all the old records 693 00:53:48,360 --> 00:53:52,360 I talked to local people who've been no one's seen this before and the reason being 694 00:53:52,760 --> 00:53:56,120 Is because this grass here you see the length of this grass the whole field was like that 695 00:53:56,440 --> 00:53:59,640 So no one would see it from the main site. It was the other side of the fence 696 00:54:00,599 --> 00:54:05,079 Uh, so I couldn't believe it when we kind of discovered this statue and i'm going to go... 697 00:54:05,079 --> 00:54:08,039 Hopefully in november when we take a small group there 698 00:54:09,000 --> 00:54:13,400 Have another look and see if we can do something about it because i'd guarantee o... 699 00:54:13,480 --> 00:54:18,680 There's going to be some very interesting carvings like we've just been bedded in th... 700 00:54:19,480 --> 00:54:23,079 Uh, I just wanted to you know, this is some more research i've been doing this is the... 701 00:54:23,559 --> 00:54:27,960 From the statue towards the akapana pyramid the main pyramid at tionaku there 702 00:54:28,519 --> 00:54:31,879 And also while I was there just to show you a couple of photos 703 00:54:32,759 --> 00:54:37,559 They happened to be doing because we had a few days there. It's the first time I... 704 00:54:38,199 --> 00:54:40,039 we I um 705 00:54:40,039 --> 00:54:46,599 Sort of sneaked in to two rooms that had been always closed for the last 10 years i've b... 706 00:54:47,159 --> 00:54:51,880 I found about 30 statues and artifacts i've never seen before and they've never been o... 707 00:54:52,440 --> 00:54:56,519 So here's two of them as well. Sorry one of them different angles. Look at this. Isn't... 708 00:54:56,519 --> 00:55:00,119 You got this almost like wings and these are all like little hexagons 709 00:55:01,079 --> 00:55:04,279 All carved all over it. Absolutely stunning. You have these 3d 710 00:55:04,920 --> 00:55:06,519 precision carved 711 00:55:06,519 --> 00:55:10,279 You know, uh, this is andesite extremely hard stone 712 00:55:10,839 --> 00:55:16,440 One of the hardest great andesite which is from the kerocapia maldron just across the... 713 00:55:17,319 --> 00:55:18,519 And there's one other one here 714 00:55:18,519 --> 00:55:23,239 and it's just just some examples i'm going to be writing an article and making a video... 715 00:55:23,639 --> 00:55:29,480 There are some very interesting things that are being found not just in scotland with ... 716 00:55:29,480 --> 00:55:31,480 But also in other parts of the world 717 00:55:33,159 --> 00:55:39,000 So i'm gonna just finish it there. I hope you've enjoyed the little survey of scotla... 718 00:55:39,639 --> 00:55:43,019 And um, thank you very much for listening and you can join us in november 719 00:55:46,599 --> 00:55:48,599 So 720 00:56:16,599 --> 00:56:18,839 You