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There are three cities in Peru that were inhabited in Inca times that are still inhabited
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today.
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Cusco is one of them.
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Another city that was inhabited in Inca times and still inhabited today is a town called
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Choquecancha, which means gold storage.
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And it is a small town way in the mountains.
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The third town that was inhabited in Inca times and is still inhabited today is this
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Ollantaytambo.
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Ollantaytambo is a very special town.
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It's a megalithic town.
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Perhaps it was built many thousands of years ago.
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It has many great doorways and super walls.
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Follow me and we'll explore some of the alleys of Ollantaytambo.
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Check out some of these huge cornerstone blocks here.
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It's truly a megalithic city, Ollantaytambo.
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Yeah, you see some really well-constructed megalithic doorways here at the village
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of Ollantaytambo.
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And like in Inca times, water flowed down the streets just like here.
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And every street, in fact, in Ollantaytambo had man-made streams flowing down either
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along the side of the street or in the middle of the street.
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We've hiked up the terraces to nearly the top of the sun temple here at Ollantaytambo.
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And it's this section where we start to see the awesome megalithic stones, some of them
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weighing a hundred tons or more.
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In an earlier episode on ancient technology in Peru and Bolivia, we showed how the builders
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of Ollantaytambo were the same builders who built Teoanaco.
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And that was because of the keystone cuts that are found both at Teoanaco and Pumapunku
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and here at Ollantaytambo.
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So we've returned here to Ollantaytambo in Peru to look at more evidence of ancient
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technology.
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So follow me through this ancient fortress to look at the credible evidence for ancient
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machining.
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So here at the top of the sun temple is the famous megalithic wall.
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And all around us are giant blocks of red granite, andesite.
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They've been hewn from a quarry up on this mountain many miles away and somehow dragged
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across a river and then up on top of this hill.
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And yet the builders never finished their construction.
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And these giant hundred ton blocks are still lying here unfinished and they haven't been
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put into their final place.
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Something happened here that stopped the construction.
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Some cataclysm, some end of a civilization where the builders just abandoned their work
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and what we see left are these giant stones scattered around here at Ollantaytambo.
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As we come around here on the east side of the sun temple, again we see the large granite
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blocks, but then we see the crummy filler blocks with mud.
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Another giant block, this is one of the largest.
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It has these unusual knobs coming out.
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We don't know what that's for.
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This block too is notched here for another gigantic granite block to be fitted, but it's
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not here.
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And we have this crummy filler blocks.
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This is really Inca construction.
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And what was meant to be here originally and probably was were other big blocks of
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perfectly cut granite fitted into this notch, coming down here in a narrow piece of finely
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cut granite.
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But that's not what we see.
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We see this crummy Inca construction filler, more of it here and here.
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This is the Inca construction.
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But these giant blocks are the pre-Inca megalithic builders' construction.
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This is the same people who built Tiwananko and Pumapunku.
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We can really see here at Oyonte Tombow how Machu Picchu and Sacsayhuaman and Cusco are
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all pre-Inca.
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They're built thousands of years before the Incas.
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Then they were destroyed, even perhaps several times in wars or cataclysmic earth changes.
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Later, the Incas did occupy these buildings and repaired them as best they could with
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this kind of construction.
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Here's the most famous wall here at the Sun Temple of Oyonte Tombow.
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Giant hundred ton blocks of granite.
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And what's so unusual are these thin strips of granite that are filling in between the
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giant blocks.
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My theory is that at one time, most of the building had these giant blocks with thin
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strips of finely cut granite between them.
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Many of these thin strips have either been pried out by people or through earthquake
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activity leaving gaps between the large blocks, although not here.
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And then they were later filled in with the crummy small stones that we see on many sides
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of the Sun Temple here.
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Come around to this side and we'll see what is a very unusual keystone cut that is part
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of the wall here.
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But it's a vertical keystone cut so it can't be in its original place.
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It's a block that must have been moved and then later filled in.
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Follow me.
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This wall was destroyed at some point, but then what happened was it was rebuilt by
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the megalith builders themselves.
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They, for instance, put this large block into place and curiously, it has also a keystone
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cut right here.
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However, this can't have been the original spot for this stone or certainly wasn't meant
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to be here because these T-shaped keystone cuts would have had to have been on a flat
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surface so the original keystone cut would have been on a flat surface.
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And then the original keystone cut would have been on a flat surface.
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Because these T-shaped keystone cuts would have had to have been on a flat surface so
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that the molten metal would have been poured into the keystone cut and there always has
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to be a corresponding keystone cut on another block.
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So it appears that this building has been rebuilt twice.
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Once, by the megalith builders themselves who put this block in a second place from
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where it had originally been, but then later the Incas filled in this space between the
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large blocks with these small crummy stones and even mud filling here.
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This weighs so much that even today, a modern construction company in Peru couldn't really
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move or build with such giant blocks like this.
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And you have to ask yourself, why would the Incas or anyone want to rebuild this building
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if they didn't have to build it?
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And you have to ask yourself, why would the Incas or anyone want to build with such
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giant blocks when it would have been so much easier for them to build with these small
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blocks like we see here?
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It appears that what would be so difficult for us was somehow easy for these builders.
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Did they have some kind of levitation, some kind of anti-gravity that could vibrate these
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crystalline blocks, make them weightless, move them around effortlessly?
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Even then, they would have needed to probably cut these blocks with giant saws, some kind
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of power tools in order to build in this way.
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That's how we would build in a modern situation today.
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But yet, the lifting of giant blocks like this would require huge cranes and other
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massive infrastructure.
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It really begs the question, why are they trying to build in such a difficult way?
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Was it actually easy for them?
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Here's another one of the giant granite blocks here at Ollantay Tombo.
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And this is the telltale T-shaped cut, known as a keystone cut.
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This is what we see at Pumapunku also, at Tiong'anako, and we see it here at Ollantay Tombo.
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These unusual cuts are made in these giant blocks.
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And another corresponding T cut would be on another giant block here.
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And then molten metals are poured into these keystone cuts.
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This is a kind of unusual architecture and construction that we see all over the world
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on certain megalithic blocks.
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Not only here in Peru, but also in Bolivia.
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We see it in Egypt, in Angkor Wat.
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We see it in Kaam and Maison in Vietnam.
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We see it in India and even in Greece and Turkey.
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This is the sign of the ancient megalithic builders who were building around the world.
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These are the blocks here on the lower terrace that have been blown apart from the walls.
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And look at this.
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Here's another T-shaped keystone cut.
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I hadn't seen this one before.
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It too is on a finely cut block.
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So this block, which has been nicely cut and dressed, very sharp corners, very smooth.
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And we see another keystone cut here at this far edge, right here.
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It too would have been, when originally placed, would have been turned.
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So the keystone cuts would have been on a flat surface.
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And then they would have had to have been fitted to another giant granite block
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with also a T-shaped keystone cut on it.
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These blocks themselves are evidence that the Incas did not build Ollantaytambo,
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but that this site was built thousands of years before the Incas.
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And the Incas later occupied this site and rebuilt, as best they could, some of the walls.
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Here behind me, on this mountain, across the Urubamba River that goes down to Machu Picchu,
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we see the mountain where the quarry is located.
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Several miles away, up here, there are giant, squared, rectangular blocks of granite.
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They've been cut from the mountainside. They've been hewn.
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There's even evidence of giant saws being in use.
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Many of the blocks are still up there. They were never moved from the quarry, or they weren't moved very far.
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Yet hundreds of these giant granite blocks were dragged from the top of this mountain,
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down a series of trails, across the river, through these fields,
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and then up on top of this mountain to be placed here at the site of the Sun Temple.
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Yet many of these stones were never put into place, or, conversely,
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they were blasted apart from their walls and scattered apart.
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Here, apart, like below me, you can see many giant, squared granite blocks.
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This, too, in my mind, is evidence of the ancient wars of the past
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and the cataclysmic changes that occurred thousands of years ago.
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Shortly, we'll be leaving on horseback, and we'll be crossing the river,
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and it will take us many hours. We'll be following this trail on the other side of the river,
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along this hillside. We'll be switchbacking along the trails, high up onto this mountain,
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where the quarry is located, about a thousand feet up.
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There, we'll see many of these huge granite blocks, many of them apparently cut by giant saws.
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It's amazing acoustics here, too, where sound carries a great deal.
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Even it was possible that sound was used for levitating and moving some of these blocks.
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And, of course, the sound carried a great deal.
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Even it was possible that sound was used for levitating and moving some of these blocks.
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Some of the finest stone construction work in the world, seen right here.
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From here, we'll be taking the Zinca Trail up to the top of the mountain, or near it,
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to the great megalithic quarry here at Ollantay Tombow.
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It's there that we'll see evidence of ancient machining, including evidence of a giant saw,
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and we'll also see a huge round stone wheel.
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So now we're saddled up and we're headed up to Chakikata.
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Chakikata is the great megalithic quarry up on the mountain.
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So we're here at Chakikata, the great megalithic quarry on the mountain above Ollantay Tombow.
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Here you can see the giant blocks of granite scattered around on the hillside behind me.
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In a few moments, we're going to look at some of these giant stones that have been squared,
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ready to be moved down the mountain.
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Some of these stones weigh a hundred tons.
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The best stones were already removed from here and taken down the mountain across the Urabamba River,
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and then up the other side to the Sun Temple at Ollantay Tombow.
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What we're going to see now is amazing.
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We'll see evidence of giant saws that were cutting the stones.
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We'll see a huge round stone proving that the ancient peoples of the Andes knew about the wheel,
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and in fact made giant stone wheels.
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There are a number of enigmas here at the quarry at Ollantay Tombow.
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How did they cut the stones? Were they using power tools, as we surmise?
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And then, after they had squared off these giant hundred-ton stones,
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how were they able to move them down the mountain?
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To us, it seems incredibly difficult that they did any of this,
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and yet we almost have to look at it as if it was easy for them,
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that they had some kind of levitation, some sort of anti-gravity means of levitating the stones,
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making them weightless, and then moving them down the mountain.
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So follow me now as we look at some of the megalithic stones here at Cachicata.
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Here we are at part of the rock scree at the quarry at Ollantay Tombow,
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and our guide Wilson is showing us a cave with some Inca mummies in it.
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He's saying that there was an earthquake here about 15 years ago
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that caused some of these rocks to come down, and then this cave was discovered.
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The mummies inside are several hundred years old, probably from around the time of the conquest.
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Here, let's have a look.
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Here's an unusual stone here at the quarry at Ollantay Tombow.
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This one here, you can see, very smooth here.
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This is one of the stones that I believe was cut by the giant saws that they used here at Ollantay Tombow.
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There's really no other way that a stone like this could have been cut.
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This is a piece of granite that was sliced off, just like a piece of bread by a giant saw.
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This is a piece of granite that was sliced off, just like a piece of bread by a giant saw.
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This is a piece of granite that was sliced off, just like a piece of bread by a giant saw.
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This is a piece of granite that was sliced off, just like a piece of bread by a giant saw.
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It was sliced off, just like a piece of bread by a giant saw.
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Here's another stone that's been sliced by the giant saw.
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You can see here how the saw was cutting in.
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This is a piece that broke off, actually.
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It had a natural crack in it.
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Right here is where the saw was cutting into it.
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For reasons we don't know, they never moved these stones.
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But of course, many hundreds of these giant stones were moved down the mountain
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and across the Urubamba River to the great fortress at Ollantay Tombow.
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This is a natural cave here up at the quarry.
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Stones have been piled up here just to make a shelter for a yama or alpaca herder.
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But right in this area, according to our guide Wilson, there's a cache of Inca treasure.
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Some kind of a gold hoard that was buried with one of the Inca royalty or something like that.
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The Incas would make gold figurines of yamas and peanuts and even corn
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and bury it with the important people.
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According to our guide Wilson, all of the stones at the Sun Temple of Ollantay Tombow have come from this quarry.
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And this is a special type of stone that's only found here around this mountain.
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It's not found actually in the town of Ollantay Tombow.
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It's a type of crystalline granite.
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And this kind of granite is not just very hard and heavy,
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but it's a kind of a granite that would resonate as well.
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Tiny quartz crystals are embedded in all of these stones.
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And in fact, that may have been one of the reasons that these stones were chosen
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is because of its crystalline quality.
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This kind of stone perhaps could be levitated more easily
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with the anti-gravity devices that I suspect that they had in order to move the really large stones.
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Here at the quarry is one of the most unusual stones.
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In fact, according to our guide, this is unique.
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And you do not find a circular round stone like this down at the Sun Temple of Ollantay Tombow.
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But clearly this was made here.
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It's got a hole in the middle for an axle.
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Almost looks like some giant Fred Flintstone stone wheel or something.
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The front of it here is very smooth.
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It's like the giant saw blade just came down and sliced this stone.
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Then it was machined and bashed into a circle.
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One of the strange things about this stone too is it's said that the Incas and other ancient peoples of the Andes
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didn't know about the wheel.
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And yet here at the quarry at Ollantay Tombow, they made a giant stone wheel that weighs many tons.
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You have to wonder what this stone wheel was for.
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Was it actually made for the Andes?
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You have to wonder what this stone wheel was for.
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Was it actually part of the way that they moved some of the giant hundred ton stones?
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Why the axle in the middle?
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Perhaps it was to be a grinding stone in a mill as often used in Europe and other places.
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Wilson here is saying that this round tubular stone is an axle.
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Here, Wilson, try and pick this up.
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Here. Yeah.
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So was this part of the axle that was meant for this stone?
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Perhaps there were two?
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What would this have been? Some giant megalithic stone cart or something?
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It's baffling really what the purpose of this stone was and even how it was made.
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Now just right over here, we'll see the amazing giant stone that still has the saw marks from the huge circular blade
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that was slicing these giant granite blocks like a loaf of bread.
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So it looks like with the giant saws here at the quarry, they began to square off this massive piece of 100 ton granite, even 200 tons.
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They began cutting the face here.
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They also began squaring it off this side.
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It's another beginning of a saw mark here, perfectly straight.
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Here's the main piece where they again began to slice off about an eight inch thin piece of granite right here.
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And you can still see the remains of the saw mark.
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Also, the lichen patches on this stone are huge.
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In my estimation, this stone has been sitting here in the quarry for many thousands of years.
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So we've seen quite a bit here at the Great Quarry at Ollantay Tombo.
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Evidence of ancient machining, giant stones that were sliced with saws and never moved down from the quarry.
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It's getting late now, so we'll have to start down.
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Here's even another stone that was sawn off, perhaps from this block.
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It too was never moved from the quarry, though it was squared and ready to go.
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At some point, the building and all of the quarrying here just came to a stop thousands of years ago.
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Perhaps it was the end of a great war or some natural cataclysm that just stopped all of the work here at Ollantay Tombo.
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These are some of the giant walls at Sacsayhuaman, the megalithic fortress above Cuzco.
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The stone used here is limestone rather than granite as at Ollantay Tombo.
32:59.400 --> 33:08.400
In some areas like here, earthquakes have begun to split the stone open, pulling it apart.
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But originally, and even in most cases today, the stones are perfectly fitted together.
33:16.400 --> 33:20.400
Plus they have this curious pillow shaping.
33:20.400 --> 33:34.400
We see this in other areas of the world, including the underwater stones at Bimini in the Bahamas, known as the Bimini Road of Atlantis.
33:34.400 --> 33:46.400
What's interesting too to note here at Sacsayhuaman with these massive walls is how they've done corners with stones that are coming around the corner,
33:46.400 --> 33:51.400
still perfectly fitted in these polygonal jigsaw patterns.
34:00.400 --> 34:06.400
You see here in some places where some of the megalithic stones are missing,
34:06.400 --> 34:13.400
and modern Peruvian archaeologists have had to reconstruct parts of the wall.
34:13.400 --> 34:23.400
Yet even though today's archaeologists have at their disposal modern equipment, cranes, modern power saws and things like that,
34:23.400 --> 34:37.400
they still use very small stones to build, where in fact they would be replacing perhaps one or maybe two giant stones.
34:37.400 --> 34:44.400
Yet they've used probably somewhere between 20 and 30 small stones.
34:44.400 --> 35:01.400
So it begs the question, why were the megalith builders using such large stones when even today's architects and engineers are using very small stones to replace it?
35:01.400 --> 35:11.400
One of the reasons why is building with such large stones is extremely difficult, even for today's engineers and architects.
35:11.400 --> 35:16.400
And so in fact, they're building as we would today with much smaller stones.
35:16.400 --> 35:26.400
It makes me wonder, was it somehow easy for the megalith builders to build with such large stones?
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It was easy for them to quarry these stones. It was easy for them to cut these stones.
35:34.400 --> 35:42.400
And then it was easy for them to move these stones and place them in these giant walls that we see today.
35:45.400 --> 35:50.400
Many archaeologists think that Sacsayhuaman was a pre-Inca building.
35:50.400 --> 36:03.400
And just as today in Cusco the modern Spanish are inhabiting buildings that were built a long time before them, and the Spanish did not build those buildings,
36:03.400 --> 36:13.400
it's also a theory that the Incas also inhabited buildings that were already built, buildings such as Sacsayhuaman.
36:14.400 --> 36:18.400
This is one of the most famous walls at Sacsayhuaman.
36:18.400 --> 36:25.400
And it's famous because carved into the wall appears to be a serpent.
36:25.400 --> 36:35.400
And in fact, there are seven holes here. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven.
36:36.400 --> 36:46.400
And it's thought by some people that what this corresponds to is the Kundalini energy that's talked about by the ancient Hindus.
36:46.400 --> 36:54.400
And the Kundalini energy goes through the spine and corresponds to seven chakras in our body.
36:54.400 --> 37:01.400
And that this is the serpent with the chakras carved into this stone.
37:05.400 --> 37:32.400
One of the strange stories about Sacsayhuaman is that part of the lost treasure of the Incas from the ancient Sun Temple, the Corre Concha in Cusco,
37:32.400 --> 37:43.400
was taken into a secret tunnel system inside the mountain of Sacsayhuaman, where we are now.
37:43.400 --> 37:49.400
And in fact, this area is a newly excavated part of Sacsayhuaman.
37:49.400 --> 37:52.400
I'm already underground here.
37:52.400 --> 38:05.400
And this is apparently one of the ancient tunnels that once riddled the entire megalithic fortress of Sacsayhuaman.
38:05.400 --> 38:13.400
So follow me and we'll go inside the tunnel system of this ancient megalithic fortress.
38:19.400 --> 38:29.400
Now you can see how this tunnel here at Sacsayhuaman is also lined with stones.
38:29.400 --> 38:35.400
And here the roof is caved in so we can see the sky.
38:35.400 --> 38:42.400
But then as you continue farther, we have the roof once again.
38:42.400 --> 38:46.400
And we're clearly inside of a man-made tunnel system.
38:46.400 --> 38:50.400
See, you can see the blocks of stone.
38:50.400 --> 38:56.400
You can see stone up here that's part of the roof of the tunnel.
38:56.400 --> 39:03.400
At one time, this tunnel may have led to the lost treasure of the Incas,
39:03.400 --> 39:14.400
but today it dead ends down here inside this dark passageway.
39:15.400 --> 39:17.400
Passageway.
39:29.400 --> 39:34.400
Here on this backside of the Sacsayhuaman fortress,
39:34.400 --> 39:42.400
you see also these curious stones that are carved out.
39:42.400 --> 39:53.400
Some kind of seats are made that look almost like the throne for a giant or something.
39:53.400 --> 39:59.400
There's other places around here where there's upside down stairways.
40:01.400 --> 40:04.400
It's very well cut, the stone here.
40:04.400 --> 40:12.400
It almost looks like someone has taken a power tool or some kind of laser cutter
40:12.400 --> 40:18.400
and just cut out the stone, almost as if they were practicing.
40:19.400 --> 40:28.400
Other areas seem as if they're for other giant blocks,
40:28.400 --> 40:36.400
such as this one, to be placed into various niches and things like that,
40:36.400 --> 40:47.400
where part of some structure would have been originally and now has been completely dismantled,
40:47.400 --> 40:56.400
possibly in some kind of cataclysmic earth changes or even some catastrophic war.
41:06.400 --> 41:11.400
This is another area here in the back of Sacsayhuaman
41:11.400 --> 41:17.400
where it appears like an upside down staircase has been cut into this rock.
41:18.400 --> 41:24.400
This area too, very straight walls right here.
41:24.400 --> 41:28.400
When you have to ask yourself, what were they doing here?
41:28.400 --> 41:33.400
Why even carve this rock like this?
41:33.400 --> 41:41.400
It's like this rock even was perhaps not where it is now and has been turned over
41:41.400 --> 41:49.400
in some topsy-turvy cataclysm or something that's flipped this rock over.
41:50.400 --> 41:53.400
You see more of the cuts here.
41:56.400 --> 41:59.400
Down over here too, it's been cut.
42:00.400 --> 42:03.400
It's really pretty baffling really.
42:03.400 --> 42:06.400
You have to ask yourself, why are they doing it?
42:06.400 --> 42:12.400
And then once again, it looks as if they're using power tools and saws
42:12.400 --> 42:19.400
to cut it at the various angles and articulate it so finely as we can see.
42:29.400 --> 42:33.400
This is Cusco, the ancient capital of the Incas.
42:34.400 --> 42:40.400
Just to the north of Cusco is the Sacred Valley.
42:40.400 --> 42:48.400
And this has the cities of Kalka, Yukai, Urubamba and Ollantaytambo.
42:49.400 --> 42:54.400
Through the Sacred Valley goes the Urubamba River.
42:54.400 --> 43:00.400
That river flows farther down into the high jungle to Machu Picchu,
43:00.400 --> 43:03.400
also a megalithic city like Cusco.
43:04.400 --> 43:10.400
All around Cusco are many fascinating megalithic sites.
43:10.400 --> 43:15.400
It's one of the great cities of the world,
43:15.400 --> 43:19.400
and today it's the number one tourist spot in all of South America.
43:19.400 --> 43:25.400
The Urubamba River
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The Urubamba River
44:19.400 --> 44:25.400
The Urubamba River
44:25.400 --> 44:31.400
The Urubamba River
44:43.400 --> 44:48.400
We're here at the main plaza in Ica, Peru.
44:49.400 --> 44:56.400
And here in this plaza is a central plaza here in Ica, Peru.
44:58.400 --> 45:07.400
And in fact, one of the strangest museums in the world is the Museum of Dr. Cabrera right here.
45:07.400 --> 45:10.400
Follow me as we go inside.
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It's closed most of the time and it's only open now by special appointment.
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Most of the people here in Ica have heard of this museum, but they rarely go inside here.
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Follow me into Dr. Cabrera's Cabinet of Curiosities, one of the strangest museums in the world.
45:41.400 --> 45:51.400
Inside these five rooms of Dr. Cabrera's museum are thousands, tens of thousands,
45:51.400 --> 46:02.400
even maybe hundreds of thousands of rocks, carved stones, petrified objects.
46:02.400 --> 46:09.400
And carved onto them are some of the most bizarre scenes imaginable.
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Dinosaurs, people doing surgical operations, people looking in telescopes, oddball animals and other scenes.
46:23.400 --> 46:29.400
It's an incredible collection of weirdness and impossible things.
46:29.400 --> 46:31.400
Let's have a look.
46:36.400 --> 46:42.400
Here's the doctor himself. He passed away some years ago.
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And now it is his wife who still runs this private museum here in Ica.
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Dr. Cabrera would sit here at his desk among his many stones.
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He was the ancestor of one of the founders of this city in Peru.
47:03.400 --> 47:07.400
Dr. Cabrera was a very well-known citizen here in Ica.
47:07.400 --> 47:19.400
He was a surgeon, was a wealthy landowner, and he was a collector of the very strange rocks that are found nearby.
47:19.400 --> 47:26.400
These rocks in Ica were actually found at a nearby town called Acucaje.
47:26.400 --> 47:32.400
They come from a secret underground area, according to the doctor.
47:32.400 --> 47:43.400
And some of the rocks include bizarre scenes of prehistoric animals, humans interacting with animals,
47:43.400 --> 47:56.400
other scenes of people with telescopes performing operations, including heart surgery and tree panning and things like that.
47:56.400 --> 48:01.400
Many of the rocks are very small. Others are medium sized.
48:01.400 --> 48:07.400
While other rocks are huge boulders like this one.
48:07.400 --> 48:12.400
Some of the scenes, we can't really tell what people are doing.
48:12.400 --> 48:26.400
Others, it's quite clear that they're performing some operation, looking at the stars, or perhaps attacking what would appear to be dinosaurs and things.
48:26.400 --> 48:31.400
Let's look at this one here.
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What seems to be a brontosaurus or some other kind of dinosaur.
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A man with an axe is battling it.
48:43.400 --> 48:53.400
Dr. Cabrera himself believed that many of these stones were somehow created during the Mesozoic period,
48:53.400 --> 49:03.400
a time 60 million years ago when humans did not exist, according to the mainstream, but dinosaurs did.
49:23.400 --> 49:38.400
Here in Dr. Cabrera's office, he's got many photographs of his expeditions and some of the famous people who've come here to meet him and see his museum, including Shirley MacLaine, the actress here,
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photo taken in probably the late 1970s with Dr. Cabrera.
49:44.400 --> 49:50.400
Here he sits at his desk.
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This is only a small portion of the many thousands of rocks he has.
49:56.400 --> 50:02.400
Here also we see what seems to be a very large rock.
50:02.400 --> 50:10.400
Also another man here riding on some kind of stegosaurus.
50:10.400 --> 50:22.400
Skeptics have said that Dr. Cabrera was sincere, but that he was gullible and that local people were not as good as they thought they were.
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Skeptics have said that Dr. Cabrera was sincere, but that he was gullible and that local peasants in the nearby village of Ococaje took advantage of him and he was quite wealthy,
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so he would pay them a small price for each of these rocks that they found.
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And so it's said that the local people actually created these rocks for the doctor.
50:52.400 --> 51:01.400
The doctor himself, though, believed that all of these rocks were genuine, although a few might have been faked.
51:01.400 --> 51:17.400
It was his belief that these stones were 60 million or 70 million years old and that human beings had lived at a time of the dinosaurs that long ago.
51:17.400 --> 51:32.400
Other researchers who believe that the stones here in Dr. Cabrera's museum are authentic, their belief is that dinosaurs didn't become extinct 65 million years ago,
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and that dinosaurs somehow managed to survive down through the ages to the time of human beings, and that perhaps these stones are only 10,000 years old or 20,000 years old.
51:49.400 --> 52:07.400
And much like the Loch Ness Monster or the Mokili Mbembe in the Congo, we have stories of giant Saurians living throughout the ages in small numbers and still surviving.
52:07.400 --> 52:20.400
Another curious collection that it's like Dr. Cabrera's is the strange collection of ceramics at Acombaro, Mexico.
52:20.400 --> 52:30.400
These ceramics also show people interacting with what would seem to be extinct dinosaurs.
52:30.400 --> 52:39.400
Let's go into some of the other rooms of Dr. Cabrera's strange cabinet of curiosities.
52:39.400 --> 53:00.400
One of the strange stones seems to show two people inside of a wheeled vehicle, and it's being drawn by a horse.
53:00.400 --> 53:10.400
Horses weren't known in South America until the time of the Spanish conquest, so perhaps this is an indication that these stones were made more recently.
53:10.400 --> 53:30.400
Some of the stones are figures at Nazca, such as the monkey with the spiral tail, the spider, the condor, some of the other familiar figures that we can see from the air at Nazca.
53:30.400 --> 53:38.400
Were the figures at Nazca also ancient figures from the time of the dinosaurs, as Dr. Cabrera believed?
53:38.400 --> 53:48.400
Or again, perhaps the dinosaurs lived in South America up until relatively modern times, like 10 or 20,000 years ago.
53:48.400 --> 53:59.400
Or, as many people suggest, the entire collection is a fake, a hoax that was pulled on Dr. Cabrera.
53:59.400 --> 54:17.400
Dr. Cabrera himself completely believed that all of this was real, all of it was somehow incredibly ancient.
54:17.400 --> 54:27.400
Some of Dr. Cabrera's large stones in this room seem to show the world maps with different continents.
54:27.400 --> 54:37.400
Dr. Cabrera believed that some showed where Atlantis had been and other lost continents in South America.
54:37.400 --> 54:47.400
He had his own interpretation of many of the stones, and yet a lot of them were very clear of what they showed.
54:47.400 --> 54:57.400
Prehistoric animals, people interacting with them or each other, yet some of the stones show things that are very obscure.
54:57.400 --> 55:03.400
We don't know what their really meaning was.
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This is the Regional Museum here at Ica.
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Inside are artifacts from the Paracas culture, the Ica culture, the Nazca culture,
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including some of the most unusual skulls of cranial deformation seen anywhere in the world.
55:35.400 --> 55:41.400
Follow me inside the Ica Regional Museum.
55:41.400 --> 55:51.400
Here in the Ica Regional Museum we see some unusual skulls, including red-haired skull here,
55:51.400 --> 55:59.400
red-haired people being fought from Northern Europe typically and not here in South America.
55:59.400 --> 56:11.400
Over here we have the very strange cranial deformation that we find here all over South America, especially Peru.
56:11.400 --> 56:27.400
You can see the very elongated, deformed heads, some of the most unusual that we find here around Paracas, Nazca and Ica.
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This was done by taking small babies and wrapping their head before their cranium had fused together.
56:39.400 --> 56:45.400
They create this elongated head or sometimes a flattened head.
56:45.400 --> 56:55.400
Over here we see other craniums that have been tree-panned.
56:55.400 --> 57:09.400
Their heads are elongated too and deformed in many ways, but then they've had their skulls cut open while they were alive.
57:09.400 --> 57:19.400
Possibly their skulls have been damaged in battle by a mace or perhaps it was even some kind of brain surgery because of headaches or something.
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Then a gold or silver plate was put onto their head and then their cranium and skull was healed over and skin formed over the gold plates.
57:31.400 --> 57:37.400
Cranial deformation is one of the most common things around the world.
57:37.400 --> 57:47.400
Ancient peoples in Malta, Vanuatu, the Kurds in Northern Iraq, in Egypt such as Hocknaten and Nefertiti and here in South America did the cranial deformation,
57:47.400 --> 57:57.400
creating these cone heads that are called the cranial deformations.
57:57.400 --> 58:07.400
Why was this unusual technique done around the world?
58:07.400 --> 58:23.400
Modern archaeologists say it's simply a coincidence and the fact that people on Africa and South America, even in North America, in Europe and the Middle East, all did this cranial deformation.
58:23.400 --> 58:29.400
Is there really some connection between these ancient cultures?
58:29.400 --> 58:43.400
This would mean transoceanic travel across the Pacific and the Atlantic, bringing this unusual technique of elongating the heads.
58:43.400 --> 58:47.400
And why did they do it?
58:47.400 --> 58:55.400
Why was it that ancient people wanted these strange elongated heads?
58:55.400 --> 59:07.400
Was it because they were trying to imitate some ancient people, even possibly extraterrestrials, who naturally looked like this?
59:07.400 --> 59:21.400
In many cases, like we see here, they had literally doubled the cranium capacity, thereby allowing their brains to be twice the size of ours today.
59:21.400 --> 59:27.400
Were they somehow smarter than we are and better psychic abilities?
59:27.400 --> 59:34.400
Here we have a diorama of a person being tree-panned.
59:34.400 --> 59:47.400
It's quite possible that he's a cone head with cranial deformation, and for whatever reason, his scalp is being cut away and bones in his head are being cut out.
59:47.400 --> 01:00:01.400
Like many, he survived this ancient operation and went on to live for many years with a gold plate in his head.
01:00:01.400 --> 01:00:05.400
Here we have the rare Inca kippus.
01:00:05.400 --> 01:00:10.400
Inca's were said to not have writing.
01:00:10.400 --> 01:00:15.400
It's also said they didn't have the wheel either.
01:00:15.400 --> 01:00:23.400
What they did have were the kippu, these knotted ropes.
01:00:23.400 --> 01:00:29.400
And each knot and strand had a special meaning.
01:00:29.400 --> 01:00:37.400
They could use it for counting, for sending messages, communicating through long distances.
01:00:37.400 --> 01:00:44.400
And this was the way that the Incas kept records.
01:00:44.400 --> 01:00:50.400
Some kippus are incredibly large and long because of their complicated messages.
01:00:50.400 --> 01:01:03.400
Hiram Bingham, who discovered Machu Picchu, writes in his book that there was a legend that the Incas did have writing originally.
01:01:03.400 --> 01:01:08.400
But what happened was there was a plague going throughout the Inca Empire.
01:01:08.400 --> 01:01:22.400
And priests came to the Inca, the king, and they said that the cause of this plague was writing and the trafficking of books.
01:01:22.400 --> 01:01:39.400
At that time, according to Hiram Bingham, the Incas forbade any kind of writing and then switched to the unusual kippu system of keeping records on knotted ropes.
01:01:39.400 --> 01:01:48.400
Here at the Regional Museum in Ica is actually a copy of the Nazca lines on the Nazca Plain.
01:01:48.400 --> 01:01:53.400
You can get kind of a good perspective on how they look. It's just a copy.
01:01:53.400 --> 01:01:59.400
But right now, we're off to the real thing, the lines at Nazca.
01:02:05.400 --> 01:02:11.400
We're here now in the town of Acucaje, a small village near to Ica.
01:02:11.400 --> 01:02:19.400
This is where the stones in Dr. Cabrera's strange museum came from.
01:02:19.400 --> 01:02:33.400
I found these guys here at the local cantina, and they say they're going to show us the local house and museum, they're calling it, where Dr. Cabrera's stones came from.
01:02:33.400 --> 01:02:46.400
We're walking through the town of Acucaje with my friends. We're going to find the source of Dr. Cabrera's stones. That's our plan.
01:02:46.400 --> 01:03:00.400
We're here at a man's house in Acucaje, a very small village near to Ica, between Ica and Nazca, actually.
01:03:00.400 --> 01:03:15.400
We've just met Arturo, who is the caretaker of this museum, and he says he's going to show us some of the rocks that came here from this secret place in Acucaje.
01:03:15.400 --> 01:03:26.400
And this is supposedly the origin of all the rocks that Dr. Cabrera has in his strange museum in Ica.
01:03:26.400 --> 01:03:33.400
Arturo is going to show us some of his inner rooms here.
01:03:33.400 --> 01:03:38.400
Wow.
01:03:38.400 --> 01:03:50.400
What he's saying is that there is a mountain nearby here, the Cerro Las Lomadas.
01:03:50.400 --> 01:04:08.400
The Cerro Las Lomadas, the mountain of Las Lomadas, and there at that place are these fossils of these prehistoric animals, and he's saying they're 300 million years old.
01:04:08.400 --> 01:04:10.400
Okay, continual.
01:04:10.400 --> 01:04:22.400
This is the head of a dinosaur and part of the vertebrae, and that this is a baby dinosaur here with the head and some vertebrae.
01:04:22.400 --> 01:04:24.400
Interesante.
01:04:24.400 --> 01:04:44.400
He found these fossilized vertebrae and part of a chest cavity here in a different place, but also nearby, and he's saying he found six fossilized dinosaur eggs, such as this one right here would be one of them.
01:04:44.400 --> 01:05:12.400
He's saying that this stone he found, and this is like Dr. Cabrera's stones, in that, yeah, it's it is been engraved very similar to Dr. Cabrera's stones, and it clearly shows what is some kind of long-necked brontosaurus type dinosaur.
01:05:12.400 --> 01:05:16.400
Fire is like coming out of his mouth or something.
01:05:20.400 --> 01:05:24.400
Yeah, his tail is wrapping down around this way.
01:05:24.400 --> 01:05:26.400
Here's his body.
01:05:26.400 --> 01:05:30.400
It has the same kind of etchings as Dr. Cabrera's stones.
01:05:30.400 --> 01:05:34.400
Here's his head going out this way.
01:05:34.400 --> 01:05:42.400
So he's saying also that this stone is an authentic stone that he found.
01:05:42.400 --> 01:05:45.400
He's saying it's Neolithic.
01:05:45.400 --> 01:06:08.400
So perhaps he's saying here that people either witnessed dinosaurs here somehow in the very, very ancient times, or somehow perhaps they saw fossils of some of the dinosaurs and engraved the stone.
01:06:08.400 --> 01:06:09.400
So Arturo?
01:06:09.400 --> 01:06:10.400
Si.
01:06:10.400 --> 01:06:13.400
Usted no engravo esta piedra?
01:06:13.400 --> 01:06:14.400
Usted.
01:06:14.400 --> 01:06:16.400
No, no, no, no, no, no.
01:06:16.400 --> 01:06:21.400
Todos los restos que vemos acá en este museo son netamente originales.
01:06:21.400 --> 01:06:29.400
Con esto más bien acredita y refuerza que en Ocucaje sí han existido piedras, debido a esta piedra que se ha podido recatar.
01:06:29.400 --> 01:06:34.400
Es la única piedra que hasta el momento se ha podido recatar y que se encuentra en este museo.
01:06:34.400 --> 01:06:35.400
Ok, ok.
01:06:35.400 --> 01:06:40.400
So I asked him if he made this stone and he's saying no.
01:06:40.400 --> 01:06:52.400
He's saying this is an authentic, original stone that he has found in this area like these other fossils.
01:06:52.400 --> 01:07:03.400
So Arturo, Usted van der la piedras por Dr. Cabrera en años antes?
01:07:03.400 --> 01:07:10.400
Mi tío Basile Uchuya trabajó con el señor Cabrera.
01:07:10.400 --> 01:07:14.400
Ellos mejor que nadie conocen su proyecto.
01:07:14.400 --> 01:07:17.400
Yo simplemente defiendo el proyecto que he hecho.
01:07:17.400 --> 01:07:19.400
Yo en persona he hecho el proyecto.
01:07:19.400 --> 01:07:28.400
Pero si, con esto mostraría que las piedras del Dr. Cabrera, de tener piedras originales, si puede tener piedras originales.
01:07:28.400 --> 01:07:33.400
Pero lo que yo no puedo asegurar, que si todas las piedras que tienen en el museo son reales.
01:07:33.400 --> 01:07:35.400
Eso si no puedo asegurar.
01:07:35.400 --> 01:07:37.400
Pero de haber encontrado, si han encontrado piedras.
01:07:37.400 --> 01:07:40.400
Debido a esto que me acredita, que si han existido.
01:07:40.400 --> 01:07:42.400
Que si han existido piedras y ya hay piedras.
01:07:42.400 --> 01:07:47.400
Pero lo que en el Dr. Cabrera existe en su museo, yo no puedo decir si todas son originales o no.
01:07:47.400 --> 01:07:48.400
Eso si.
01:07:48.400 --> 01:07:49.400
Ok, ok.
01:07:49.400 --> 01:07:58.400
So he's saying that a man before him was selling these stones to Dr. Cabrera.
01:07:58.400 --> 01:08:03.400
According to him, he thinks that many of the stones are authentic.
01:08:03.400 --> 01:08:06.400
But perhaps many are fake.
01:08:06.400 --> 01:08:14.400
He's saying he doesn't know whether all the stones in Dr. Cabrera's museum are authentic.
01:08:18.400 --> 01:08:25.400
Here's a mummy.
01:08:25.400 --> 01:08:28.400
This mummy also has red hair.
01:08:28.400 --> 01:08:31.400
He's a red haired mummy.
01:08:31.400 --> 01:08:35.400
This guy has quite the private collection here.
01:08:35.400 --> 01:08:42.400
This is the last room here in Arturo's private museum.
01:08:42.400 --> 01:08:46.400
It also contains some mummies.
01:08:46.400 --> 01:08:50.400
Mummies, in fact, they also have red hair.
01:08:50.400 --> 01:08:57.400
And there are some, apparently mummies of llamas and things.
01:08:57.400 --> 01:09:01.400
Also, here are some shuttles for weaving.
01:09:01.400 --> 01:09:04.400
And some ropes and things.
01:09:04.400 --> 01:09:14.400
These, you know, would be only, say, 800 years old or something like that.
01:09:14.400 --> 01:09:17.400
Maybe only 500 or 600.
01:09:17.400 --> 01:09:22.400
So Arturo's got quite a collection here.
01:09:22.400 --> 01:09:26.400
Some things are 500, 600 years old.
01:09:26.400 --> 01:09:32.400
Others, he says, are many, many millions of years old.
01:09:32.400 --> 01:09:41.400
Including the one rock that's very similar to those in Dr. Cabrera's museum.
01:09:42.400 --> 01:09:48.400
Wow. It's pretty interesting and baffling in a way.
01:09:48.400 --> 01:09:53.400
I mean, certainly a lot of the stuff here is clearly authentic.
01:09:53.400 --> 01:10:02.400
And yet, you still have to wonder about Dr. Cabrera's stones and the stone he showed us.
01:10:02.400 --> 01:10:12.400
Arturo's basically saying that the dinosaurs around here lived 65 million years ago.
01:10:12.400 --> 01:10:17.400
But that they survived down to Neolithic times.
01:10:17.400 --> 01:10:22.400
Say, 20,000 years ago or so.
01:10:22.400 --> 01:10:29.400
And that they got smaller and smaller so they weren't the same giant dinosaurs.
01:10:29.400 --> 01:10:38.400
So it's his theory, which was different than Dr. Cabrera's, that people weren't living 65 million years ago.
01:10:38.400 --> 01:10:43.400
But rather dinosaurs somehow survived in this area.
01:10:43.400 --> 01:10:46.400
And that it would have been a different climate.
01:10:46.400 --> 01:10:52.400
And that people were somehow witnessing real reptiles.
01:10:52.400 --> 01:10:57.400
Well, Arturo, muchas gracias por es.
01:10:57.400 --> 01:10:59.400
Gracias.
01:10:59.400 --> 01:11:01.400
Thanks.
01:11:01.400 --> 01:11:28.400
This village and the strange artifacts that are found here are earthshatters.
01:11:28.400 --> 01:11:34.400
The changing the history of the world and of humanity.
01:11:34.400 --> 01:11:49.400
And that of Darwin and he said Schuller and many of the paleontologists beliefs of man and reptiles and fossilization and extinction.
01:11:49.400 --> 01:11:52.400
And even of where man originated.
01:11:52.400 --> 01:11:58.400
That the secrets of all this can be found here and around this small village.
01:11:58.400 --> 01:12:06.400
And that the evidence that he has found and Dr. Cabrera apparently put some of it in his museum.
01:12:06.400 --> 01:12:12.400
That this really changes our ideas of where we came from.
01:12:12.400 --> 01:12:15.400
Where man originated.
01:12:15.400 --> 01:12:21.400
And what Arturo is basically saying is that humanity has originated in this area of Peru.
01:12:21.400 --> 01:12:27.400
And would have been apparently even millions of years ago.
01:12:27.400 --> 01:12:37.400
That this is where human beings came from and originated.
01:12:37.400 --> 01:12:42.400
So we've seen the strange museum here at Acucaje.
01:12:42.400 --> 01:12:45.400
Small village near Ica.
01:12:45.400 --> 01:12:52.400
This is the village where Dr. Cabrera's bizarre collection originated from.
01:12:52.400 --> 01:12:56.400
He was paying villagers to collect these stones for him.
01:12:56.400 --> 01:13:00.400
Some of the stones apparently are authentic.
01:13:00.400 --> 01:13:03.400
While others of the stones are authentic.
01:13:03.400 --> 01:13:09.400
While others of the stones were apparently replicas and fakes that were sold to Dr. Cabrera.
01:13:09.400 --> 01:13:15.400
We may never really know the truth of the origin of Dr. Cabrera's strange collection.
01:13:15.400 --> 01:13:18.400
And how authentic or fake it was.
01:13:18.400 --> 01:13:23.400
And just exactly what Dr. Cabrera knew.
01:13:23.400 --> 01:13:26.400
That concludes it for here.
01:13:26.400 --> 01:13:31.020
And for now we'll get back to the
01:13:31.020 --> 01:13:34.020
Pan American Highway.
01:13:34.020 --> 01:13:39.020
Go further south to Nazca and the strange figures etched in the desert.
01:13:39.020 --> 01:13:43.020
We're here at the famous Nazca Plain.
01:13:43.020 --> 01:13:59.280
This is where the lions and geoglyphs and the
01:13:59.280 --> 01:14:08.280
other geometric figures are etched into the desert.
01:14:08.280 --> 01:14:15.280
The Nazca desert is covered with small black rocks.
01:14:15.280 --> 01:14:19.280
And it makes it appear very dark.
01:14:19.280 --> 01:14:25.280
The way the ancient peoples made the lines at Nazca was by
01:14:25.280 --> 01:14:38.280
scraping away this top layer of dark rocks and exposing a shallow line or groove that was very light colored.
01:14:38.280 --> 01:14:50.280
Therefore from the air or possibly from a nearby mountain some of the lines and geoglyphs could be seen.
01:14:50.280 --> 01:14:58.280
They look as light colored lines on a dark colored desert.
01:14:58.280 --> 01:15:11.280
What is really mysterious about Nazca is not so much how the lines were made but why and who did it.
01:15:11.280 --> 01:15:23.280
One of the strange things about the Nazca lines and geoglyphs is that they're really only well seen from the air.
01:15:23.280 --> 01:15:31.280
Today hundreds of tourists fly around the Nazca Plain every morning and afternoon
01:15:31.280 --> 01:15:43.280
to view the incredible lines and geoglyphs that are etched in an area for tens of square miles.
01:15:43.280 --> 01:15:49.280
We're on the observation tower here at Nazca.
01:15:49.280 --> 01:15:58.280
And behind me you can see part of the Nazca Plain including one of the figures called the hands.
01:15:58.280 --> 01:16:03.280
Some researchers think that it's actually a bat.
01:16:03.280 --> 01:16:13.280
But the Nazca Plain goes for miles in many directions between the towns of Nazca and Palpa.
01:16:13.280 --> 01:16:23.280
It's a very interesting idea that these lines here at Nazca and Palpa were really meant for people to view from the air.
01:16:23.280 --> 01:16:25.280
Just like we do today.
01:16:25.280 --> 01:16:31.280
Every day hundreds of tourists get into airplanes at the Nazca airport and fly over these lines.
01:16:31.280 --> 01:16:35.280
Is it possible that in ancient times people also had flight?
01:16:35.280 --> 01:16:44.280
It's been speculated here that the ancient Peruvians actually built hot air balloons and they flew over the lines in this way.
01:16:44.280 --> 01:16:49.280
And yet many ancient records show that people had flight.
01:16:53.280 --> 01:17:10.280
Some of the lines here at Nazca start from these rocky hills.
01:17:10.280 --> 01:17:16.280
The lines begin here and they go out for miles out into the desert.
01:17:16.280 --> 01:17:20.280
There they intersect with other lines and trapezoids.
01:17:20.280 --> 01:17:30.280
They also cross giant figures of spiders and condors and flamingos and spirals and other things.
01:17:30.280 --> 01:17:39.280
It's a giant mass of strange trapezoids, lines and geoglyphs.
01:17:39.280 --> 01:17:43.280
And what their purpose is remains a mystery.
01:17:50.280 --> 01:18:06.280
From the top of some of these hills you can see parts of the Nazca lines and some of the geoglyphs.
01:18:06.280 --> 01:18:14.280
But to really appreciate the vast geometric figures here at Nazca,
01:18:14.280 --> 01:18:41.280
you've really got to go up in an airplane and view them from three or four hundred feet in the air.
01:18:41.280 --> 01:18:46.280
Well, we've been able to see portions of the Nazca lines from this hilltop,
01:18:46.280 --> 01:18:51.280
but now it's time to go to the airport and get into an airplane
01:18:51.280 --> 01:19:06.280
and fly above the many figures and mysterious lines that we can only see from the air.
01:19:06.280 --> 01:19:16.280
The Nazca lines were first discovered in 1946 when an American flyer named Paul Kosoff
01:19:16.280 --> 01:19:20.280
was doing some aerial surveys here in Peru.
01:19:20.280 --> 01:19:32.280
And it was he who first flew over the Nazca plain here and saw the lines and geoglyphs that are so famous today.
01:19:32.280 --> 01:19:42.280
Later, the famous German archaeologist Maria Reiche came here to Nazca
01:19:42.280 --> 01:19:49.280
and lived here for over 30 years studying the Nazca lines and the geoglyphs,
01:19:49.280 --> 01:19:56.280
trying to get some kind of indication of their purpose and meaning.
01:19:56.280 --> 01:20:08.280
She decided, as other researchers have, that at least part of the Nazca lines have to do with astrological symbols.
01:20:08.280 --> 01:20:19.280
They believe that certain of the animal figures that are on the ground are reflections of constellations in the sky.
01:20:19.280 --> 01:20:24.280
The problem here, though, is that while some of these might be constellations,
01:20:24.280 --> 01:20:31.280
it doesn't explain the over 10,000 lines that go through the desert,
01:20:31.280 --> 01:20:40.280
the trapezoids, things that look like runways, other spirals and intersecting lines and geoglyphs.
01:20:40.280 --> 01:20:44.280
What was their purpose?
01:20:44.280 --> 01:20:50.280
We're here at the Nazca airport and we're going to interview Eduardo Haran,
01:20:50.280 --> 01:20:57.280
one of the well-known pilots here at Nazca, and he's the discoverer of some of the glyphs.
01:20:57.280 --> 01:21:04.280
We're going to ask him what he thinks about the Nazca plain and about some of his latest discoveries.
01:21:04.280 --> 01:21:09.280
Welcome to Nazca in this moment. I flew over the Nazca lines for 31 years.
01:21:09.280 --> 01:21:13.280
I discovered in the last years 354 designs.
01:21:13.280 --> 01:21:22.280
My first discovery was in 1991, and the last discovery was one month ago in Ica.
01:21:22.280 --> 01:21:27.280
It's a big condor, it's a beautiful, beautiful Paracas cavernas style.
01:21:27.280 --> 01:21:33.280
I talked to my friends in the Peruvian Cultural Institute and confirmed this new discovery.
01:21:33.280 --> 01:21:40.280
It's a Paracas cavernas. It's all to Paracas necropolis, probably 500 years BC.
01:21:40.280 --> 01:21:46.280
It's very nice. All the lines, in my opinion, are the rituals.
01:21:46.280 --> 01:21:55.280
The people need water, okay. It's the rituals for the sun, the moon, the ancient gods, and especially the condor.
01:21:55.280 --> 01:22:00.280
Why? The condors announce the water is coming to the coast.
01:22:00.280 --> 01:22:07.280
And it's the next period for the agriculture and for the life, need the water.
01:22:07.280 --> 01:22:12.280
It's the only rituals for this purpose.
01:22:12.280 --> 01:22:22.280
It's possible the ancient Nazcas used the textiles with feathers for the big kites and fly over the lines.
01:22:22.280 --> 01:22:26.280
The scientists said, why not?
01:22:26.280 --> 01:22:31.280
But I remember the conference in Mexico 10 years ago.
01:22:31.280 --> 01:22:37.280
And it's a little kite, 12 years, I don't remember exactly.
01:22:37.280 --> 01:22:40.280
And they said, hey doctor, excuse me.
01:22:40.280 --> 01:22:44.280
The ancient Nazcas don't see the lines in this life.
01:22:44.280 --> 01:22:52.280
The ancient Nazcas die and the spirit is up and see the lines.
01:22:52.280 --> 01:22:58.280
And for me it's, no, I can't believe it, but why not?
01:22:58.280 --> 01:23:05.280
Could humans also have had flight? I mean, like today we have airplanes and airships and of course the kites.
01:23:05.280 --> 01:23:09.280
And could humans have had somehow flight in ancient times too?
01:23:09.280 --> 01:23:15.280
Oh yes, yes, yes. For me, you remember the legends, you know, and the Inca legends too.
01:23:15.280 --> 01:23:20.280
I said the Incas have the big wings and fly all over the territories.
01:23:20.280 --> 01:23:23.280
Okay, we have the many, many legends.
01:23:23.280 --> 01:23:26.280
Why? It's possible, yes. For me it's possible.
01:23:29.280 --> 01:23:41.280
One of the interesting things here at Nazca is the aqueduct system that's man-made, deep underground.
01:23:41.280 --> 01:23:50.280
It's made with a bunch of rocks and lintels that are holding in the aqueduct system.
01:23:50.280 --> 01:24:00.280
It's got these spiral wells and paths so that there's access to this underground system
01:24:00.280 --> 01:24:07.280
that's bringing water from the Andes down into the Nazca Valley
01:24:07.280 --> 01:24:12.280
and then bringing the water out to irrigate the fields.
01:24:12.280 --> 01:24:17.280
This system has been here for almost 2,000 years, it's thought.
01:24:17.280 --> 01:24:24.280
And this aqueduct system plays in one of the theories of the Nazca Lines.
01:24:24.280 --> 01:24:33.280
And that theory is that the many aqueducts that are throughout the Nazca Valley
01:24:33.280 --> 01:24:39.280
are somehow also marked by some of the lines out in the desert.
01:24:39.280 --> 01:24:50.280
This theory, however, very, very partial and many researchers discount it altogether.
01:24:50.280 --> 01:24:53.280
The aqueduct system certainly does exist,
01:24:53.280 --> 01:25:00.280
but the over 10,000 lines in the desert would hardly seem to be a part of the system.
01:25:00.280 --> 01:25:09.280
The over 10,000 lines in the desert would hardly seem to be marking some aqueduct system, really.
01:25:13.280 --> 01:25:17.280
Quite a few different theories about the Nazca Lines,
01:25:17.280 --> 01:25:26.280
and maybe they all have something to do with the solution to this seemingly unsolvable mystery.
01:25:26.280 --> 01:25:36.280
We've heard a lot of talk of astronomical alignments and geoglyphs that are constellations on the plain.
01:25:36.280 --> 01:25:45.280
We've also heard theories of water pathways that are going through the desert,
01:25:45.280 --> 01:25:52.280
and perhaps some of the lines actually are marking some of these aqueducts.
01:25:52.280 --> 01:26:03.280
We've heard other theories that the lines were for various rituals that had to do with the annual coming of the water.
01:26:03.280 --> 01:26:08.280
And then we hear what are really the more intriguing theories,
01:26:08.280 --> 01:26:18.280
the ideas that the people here could actually fly in giant man-lifting kites,
01:26:18.280 --> 01:26:25.280
perhaps in some kind of primitive balloon technology,
01:26:25.280 --> 01:26:32.280
or even the ideas that somehow extraterrestrials were coming here,
01:26:32.280 --> 01:26:39.280
or that even ancient man had the ability of flight, the use of Vimanas.
01:26:39.280 --> 01:26:47.280
Eduardo told us about the many legends of the Birdmen, of the Incas, and how they could fly.
01:26:47.280 --> 01:26:56.280
So here we have the whole concept of ancient technology, and the ancient technology of flight.
01:26:56.280 --> 01:27:04.280
Nearly everyone agrees that the geoglyphs, and the lines, and the trapezoids, and the spirals,
01:27:04.280 --> 01:27:11.280
and other strange figures on the Nazca Plain were meant to be seen from the air.
01:27:11.280 --> 01:27:18.280
Were they meant to be seen by vague gods in the sky who could be seen in the stars?
01:27:18.280 --> 01:27:29.280
Or were they flesh and blood gods who had flying machines and could fly over the plain?
01:27:29.280 --> 01:27:37.280
One thing is for certain, the Nazca Plain is like a giant canvas in the desert,
01:27:37.280 --> 01:27:48.280
in which all these lines and figures and geometric trapezoids are etched onto this vast landscape.
01:27:48.280 --> 01:27:53.280
The question remains though, who was it for?
01:27:58.280 --> 01:28:04.280
One of the strange legends here in Peru is of an ancient tunnel system.
01:28:04.280 --> 01:28:09.280
This tunnel system is supposed to start in Cusco, around the Temple of the Sun there,
01:28:09.280 --> 01:28:14.280
and it goes to Sacsayhuaman and other areas in the Andes.
01:28:14.280 --> 01:28:22.280
One of the legends is that the ancient treasure of the Incas was removed during the time of the conquest
01:28:22.280 --> 01:28:26.280
and put into this tunnel system, at least for a while.
01:28:26.280 --> 01:28:32.280
There are even stories that this tunnel system goes for hundreds of miles through the Andes,
01:28:32.280 --> 01:28:35.280
and down into the deserts of Peru.
01:28:42.280 --> 01:28:48.280
Well, we're on the Pan American Highway going through the desert towards Ica,
01:28:48.280 --> 01:28:54.280
and we've stopped here at this roadside attraction called Freedom Park.
01:28:55.280 --> 01:29:04.280
Freedom Park here kind of shows you that you can have a museum out here in the desert,
01:29:04.280 --> 01:29:07.280
just about anywhere you want, really.
01:29:16.280 --> 01:29:21.280
Mark is saying there's tectites out here, plus moldavite.
01:29:21.280 --> 01:29:31.280
He's saying that this whole area got rained down with some kind of meteoric shower of melted stones
01:29:31.280 --> 01:29:34.280
and glass and tectites.
01:29:35.280 --> 01:29:41.280
Kind of makes you wonder if maybe some ancient atomic war was fought around here.
01:29:52.280 --> 01:30:00.280
So Mark here is telling me that he knew Dr. Cabrera,
01:30:00.280 --> 01:30:08.280
who passed away in 2001 in Ica, where we just were, in visiting his museum.
01:30:08.280 --> 01:30:18.280
So, I mean, you think he had his own ideas and theories that he wanted to, you know, show to people,
01:30:18.280 --> 01:30:22.280
but so he had the rocks made to demonstrate.
01:30:22.280 --> 01:30:30.280
Yeah. He had to complete the chain of the story in any way.
01:30:30.280 --> 01:30:37.280
So did he believe then that humans and the dinosaurs lived together or something like that?
01:30:37.280 --> 01:30:41.280
Well, I believe part of the story, maybe not humans exactly,
01:30:41.280 --> 01:30:47.280
but people from outer space have been here a long time ago,
01:30:47.280 --> 01:30:52.280
maybe watching the dinosaurs here, and someone could draw on them.
01:30:52.280 --> 01:30:57.280
Maybe it's true, maybe it's just fiction.
01:30:58.280 --> 01:31:03.280
So, but what about his book? He wrote also that book, Message of the Ica Stones.
01:31:04.280 --> 01:31:15.280
Well, the book is, like I told you, maybe in his mind when he told me this book's going to be in a movie someday, maybe in the future.
01:31:15.280 --> 01:31:17.280
So I think he had...
01:31:17.280 --> 01:31:23.280
He wanted his book to be made into a movie then, and that's what he thought.
01:31:23.280 --> 01:31:31.280
Okay. And he had his own ideas of flying saucers and Nausicaa and things like that, right?
01:31:31.280 --> 01:31:41.280
Yeah. He had a lot of theories about the places, the mysterious places of this part of the south of Peru, you know.
01:31:41.280 --> 01:31:45.280
And he knew about a lot, really a lot.
01:31:45.280 --> 01:31:54.280
I think he saw in the future to make us famous, maybe on the world with this story.
01:31:54.280 --> 01:31:56.280
So I hope that. I hope that.
01:31:56.280 --> 01:32:01.280
He was from Ica, so he wanted Ica to be famous like that.
01:32:01.280 --> 01:32:08.280
Yeah, because we have good stories here, really. Yeah, good stories about Paracas and Nausicaa.
01:32:08.280 --> 01:32:17.280
I think people's going to be investigating about it and never going to get the truth. Yeah.
01:32:17.280 --> 01:32:25.280
So you think, I mean, did he enjoy fooling a lot of people? Or, I mean, you know?
01:32:25.280 --> 01:32:34.280
Maybe he played with the brain of the people, yeah, maybe, because he was very intelligent.
01:32:34.280 --> 01:32:42.280
So maybe it was his comic movie. His comic movie. He was laughing all the time.
01:32:42.280 --> 01:32:52.280
So you never really know what you're going to find out here in the deserts of Peru.
01:32:52.280 --> 01:33:02.280
We've seen a lot of strange stuff on this trip. We saw Dr. Cabrera's strange cabinet of curiosities.
01:33:02.280 --> 01:33:07.280
We saw the weird coneheads in the Eco-Regional Museum.
01:33:07.280 --> 01:33:12.280
And then we saw the strange geoglyphs and lines of Nausicaa.
01:33:12.280 --> 01:33:16.280
It's been a long, strange trip.
01:33:16.280 --> 01:33:27.280
But if you do happen to come here to Peru, be sure you occasionally stop at some of the strange things that you find along the highway.