1
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This is probably the earliest map drawn of
the Alexandria underwater ruins.

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00:00:26,399 --> 00:00:32,000
However, because the ruins lay in a military
zone, they were inaccessible until a...

3
00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:37,799
and a French marine archaeologist, Goddio,
were given permission to search the Bay of...

4
00:00:37,799 --> 00:00:45,599
for shipwrecks from 1996. In 1998, he
searched for these legendary cities in the...

5
00:00:45,599 --> 00:00:50,599
with a nuclear resonance magnetometer
attached to a boat which scoured the bay.

6
00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:57,200
The team detected granite columns lying
beneath the sand, as well as the patterns ...

7
00:00:57,200 --> 00:01:02,800
After making detailed maps, the divers swam
down to remove five feet of sand.

8
00:01:02,800 --> 00:01:10,200
Divers uncovered buildings, temples, columns,
sphinxes, jugs, etc.

9
00:01:10,200 --> 00:01:16,599
And in 2000, they discovered ruins from the
sunken city of Heraklion,

10
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which I'll show you for the next few
pictures.

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I might add these were all from beyond the
Roman era into Byzantium times.

12
00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:31,599
We're not looking at the time of the pyramids
when they sunk.

13
00:01:31,599 --> 00:01:49,599
Oops, that one. Love that picture. It's
Goddio with his sphinx.

14
00:01:54,599 --> 00:02:00,000
From 1994 to 1998, another French-Egyptian
team, under the leadership of Jean Empereur,

15
00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:06,000
decided to salvage the ruins of the ancient
lighthouse of Paris, one of the wonders of...

16
00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:15,000
The team discovered that the site was over
2.5 hectares and consisted of 2500 pieces ...

17
00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:22,000
including columns of all sizes, sphinxes,
statues, and some immense blocks of granite,

18
00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:25,000
which probably came from the famous
lighthouse.

19
00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:31,000
Over and over, 1000 archaeological artefacts
were charted and marked.

20
00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:41,000
Magnificent as these excavations were, some
archaeologists believe that there were old...

21
00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:51,000
In his seminal book in 2002, Underworld,
Graham Hancock tackled the controversial...

22
00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:58,000
His Egyptian contact, Ashraf Bechai, former
leader of the Maritime Museum underwater...

23
00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:05,000
disputed the claim that the large blocks
discovered by Empereur belonged to the Par...

24
00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:13,000
As the lighthouse was reportedly 128 metres
tall, it must have used about 100,000 bloc...

25
00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:20,000
And yet according to Empereur, there are only
about 3000 blocks on the seafloor. Where a...

26
00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:27,000
Furthermore, ancient texts said that the
lighthouse was built of white limestone an...

27
00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:31,000
which had to be quarried from Aswan, almost
1000 miles away.

28
00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:37,000
After 50 years of unsuccessfully searching
for the lost city,

29
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Shulton concluded it had sunk under the
marshes near the Rio Tinto and the...

30
00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:52,000
which now exists beneath the National Park of
Danana, which is swamp apparently, an area...

31
00:03:53,000 --> 00:04:00,000
He was only able to locate one archaeological
relic from the site, a ring with undeciphe...

32
00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:08,000
Dr. Raina Kuhn, using a single aerial photo
of the Danana Park,

33
00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:13,000
has postulated that the Citadel of Atlantis
lies beneath the marshes.

34
00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:18,000
And look, he's actually outlined the Citadels
of Atlantis for us.

35
00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:27,000
His discovery made headlines in 2004,
although I believe it relies on extremely...

36
00:04:27,000 --> 00:04:35,000
And I only included it to show what
constitutes news some of the time when it...

37
00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:44,000
The sunken island of Spartel, near the
Straits of Gibraltar, has also been the si...

38
00:04:45,000 --> 00:04:52,000
Geologists such as Coliner, Girard and
Gutsche believe the island could have...

39
00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:58,000
Looking for 21. No. Might turn up somewhere
else.

40
00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:02,000
Which could have inspired the legend when it
was above sea level.

41
00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:07,000
But Díaz Montexano angrily claimed that he
had thought of the theory first.

42
00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:11,000
Mapping of the sunken island has revealed no
structures of any kind.

43
00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:20,000
Malta has been proposed as the location of
Atlantis by German entrepreneur Hubert...

44
00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:30,000
He claims that megalithic ruins were located
off the coast of Malta, on an underground,...

45
00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:34,000
The lowest point of the plateau is more than
25 metres below sea level.

46
00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:38,000
And the highest point is about 7 metres below
sea level.

47
00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:43,000
And about one and a half miles off the city
of Sleema, on Malta's east coast.

48
00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:47,000
And we all know that Maltese temples are
probably the oldest in the world.

49
00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:49,000
So it's possible.

50
00:05:49,000 --> 00:05:52,000
The temple is said to be similar to Maltese
land temples.

51
00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:55,000
With gigantic stone blocks, astronomically
aligned.

52
00:05:56,000 --> 00:06:00,000
An avenue that goes up the centre of the
structure and kidney-like rooms.

53
00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:03,000
Orientated in an easterly direction.

54
00:06:04,000 --> 00:06:08,000
The walls are said to be preserved to a
height of 4-6 metres.

55
00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:11,000
Zaltemar never died of the sites himself.

56
00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:15,000
But used the expertise of Sean and Kurt
Arrigo.

57
00:06:15,000 --> 00:06:18,000
Malta had once been attached to Sicily.

58
00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:23,000
But had suffered catastrophic, had suffered
from a catastrophic tsunami.

59
00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:25,000
About 10,000 years ago.

60
00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:28,000
Which had separated it into islands.

61
00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:33,000
There are underwater features, possibly
structures, called cart ruts.

62
00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:38,000
And even perhaps a man-made snow stone
bridge.

63
00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:42,000
I'd just like to point out these features.

64
00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:45,000
Apparently they're all across Malta.

65
00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:47,000
They're called cart ruts.

66
00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:49,000
Of course that's what they look like.

67
00:06:50,000 --> 00:06:55,000
Horse-drawn cart had gone over them so many
times that it had created grooves.

68
00:06:55,000 --> 00:06:58,000
No-one has any idea what they're for.

69
00:06:58,000 --> 00:07:01,000
How old they are. They're a total mystery.

70
00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:03,000
And now they're being discovered underwater.

71
00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:05,000
Which I think is very exciting.

72
00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:08,000
And they look pretty much parallel.

73
00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:18,000
Hancock dived on the Maltese site several
times.

74
00:07:18,000 --> 00:07:19,000
Little success.

75
00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:23,000
But before leaving Malta for the third time
was shown video footage.

76
00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:25,000
Taken by Sean Arrigo.

77
00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:27,000
Of the underwater Slea and the Temple.

78
00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:30,000
And another site registered as Janet Johan.

79
00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:33,000
Which showed large canals and parallel cart
ruts.

80
00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:36,000
Much deeper and wider than the Marfa ones.

81
00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:38,000
Hancock wrote.

82
00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:42,000
Some of the canals cut through the bedrock in
perfectly straight horizontal lines.

83
00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:45,000
For more than 100 metres without any break.

84
00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:51,000
Then beyond them the camera came suddenly
into a huge area of scattered megaliths.

85
00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:55,000
All were fallen except for one which stood
partially upright.

86
00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:57,000
Leading on a drunken angle.

87
00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:04,000
In 2004 the Iranian-American Robert Samast.

88
00:08:04,000 --> 00:08:09,000
Boasted that he had located Atlantis off a
sunken coast of Cyprus.

89
00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:11,000
Cyprus.

90
00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:16,000
His team spent six days scanning the
Mediterranean Sea between Syria and Cyprus.

91
00:08:16,000 --> 00:08:20,000
And claimed to have found massive man-made
structures.

92
00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:23,000
Including two straight walls.

93
00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:25,000
On a hill.

94
00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:30,000
The hill as a whole basically looks like a
walled hillside territory.

95
00:08:30,000 --> 00:08:37,000
And this hillside territory matches Plato's
description of the Acropolis Hill with...

96
00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:40,000
He told BBC reporter Tabitha Morgan.

97
00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:43,000
Even the dimensions are exactly perfect.

98
00:08:43,000 --> 00:08:46,000
So if all these things are coincidental.

99
00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:50,000
We have the world's greatest coincidence
going on.

100
00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:53,000
What we have here is a whole city.

101
00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:55,000
An ancient civilisation.

102
00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:58,000
Megalithic sites packed full of artefacts.

103
00:08:58,000 --> 00:09:01,000
We can expect to find.

104
00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:02,000
Colossal buildings.

105
00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:03,000
Bridges.

106
00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:04,000
Roads.

107
00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:05,000
Canals.

108
00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:07,000
And stone temples.

109
00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:11,000
With no sunlight, heat, oxygen or wind to
degrade its remains.

110
00:09:11,000 --> 00:09:15,000
Atlantis will be mummified in the cold waters
of the deep sea.

111
00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:17,000
Frozen in time.

112
00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:19,000
Wow.

113
00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:26,000
Scientists immediately criticised his images
as showing natural features such as mud...

114
00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:31,000
And Samast sent a second expedition in 2006.

115
00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:33,000
To film the Great Wall of Atlantis.

116
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With a remote operated vehicle.

117
00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:41,000
His report was a lot less enthusiastic.

118
00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:52,000
The second expedition on September of 2006
proved that the anomalies on and around th...

119
00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:58,000
Situated in the middle of the rectangular
Great Plain of Atlantis are unnatural.

120
00:09:59,000 --> 00:10:06,000
The sub-bottom profiler used allowed to view
the structure of the seafloor up to about ...

121
00:10:06,000 --> 00:10:11,000
And reveal that the wall at the base of the
hill is not man-made.

122
00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:17,000
However, it also showed that the anomalies
are at least hundreds of thousands of year...

123
00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:23,000
This means that when the underwater valley
stretching between Cyprus and Syria was ab...

124
00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,000
And people began to inhabit the area.

125
00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:30,000
They would have found an ideal location for a
natural fortress.

126
00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:36,000
The search for the lost city of Duwaka has
been going on since the 1930s.

127
00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:40,000
Although serious explorations only began in
1983.

128
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By the Marine Archaeology Unit, MAU.

129
00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:50,000
Of the Marine Institute of Oceanography, the
NIO.

130
00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:57,000
Under the leadership of Marine Archaeologist
Dr S. Rao.

131
00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:02,000
Their explorations between 1983 and 1990.

132
00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:06,000
Revealed a well fortified township of Duwaka.

133
00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:09,000
Which instead more than half a mile into the
ocean.

134
00:11:09,000 --> 00:11:11,000
And just like the legend.

135
00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:14,000
The township was built in six sections on
land.

136
00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:17,000
Which had been reclaimed from the sea.

137
00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:24,000
A fourth underwater expedition discovered two
submerged sea walls.

138
00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:28,000
30 to 40 feet below the surface.

139
00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:32,000
It was probably submerged about 3000 BC.

140
00:11:32,000 --> 00:11:34,000
BC.

141
00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:37,000
Another marine expedition in 1988.

142
00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:41,000
Discovered gateways, circular bastions of
sandstone.

143
00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:45,000
Steps, a temple and anchors.

144
00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:47,000
At nearby Bet Duwaka.

145
00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:51,000
Walls and large blocks was discovered.

146
00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:56,000
Other excavations at Bet Duwaka sites have
revealed artifacts from the Harappan area.

147
00:11:56,000 --> 00:12:01,000
Of 1700 to 1400 BC.

148
00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:03,000
In 2007.

149
00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:05,000
A group of archaeological experts.

150
00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:09,000
And navy diadists conducted the first
scientific survey.

151
00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:11,000
Off the coast of Gujarat.

152
00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:14,000
To establish the validity of the ruins.

153
00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:18,000
And their association with Krishna's Duwaka.

154
00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:22,000
Unfortunately many of Dr. Rao's battlements
had crumbled to stone underwater.

155
00:12:22,000 --> 00:12:27,000
And Duwaka is in imminent danger of
disappearing forever.

156
00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:30,000
In 2001.

157
00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:34,000
Oceanographers from India's National
Institute of Ocean Technology.

158
00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:36,000
Which is N-I-O-T.

159
00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:39,000
A separate organisation.

160
00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:43,000
They are conducting a survey of pollution in
the Gulf of Cambay.

161
00:12:43,000 --> 00:12:45,000
Or Cambat.

162
00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:47,000
Using science scand.

163
00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:49,000
Sona.

164
00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:52,000
When studying the images taken over a six
month period.

165
00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:55,000
They are amazed to see what appeared to be
geometric structures.

166
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Spread over a nine kilometre stretch.

167
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Beneath the ocean floor.

168
00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:02,000
At a depth of 120 feet.

169
00:13:02,000 --> 00:13:08,000
One of the shapes resemble the great baths
seen in the Harappan city of Monjindaro.

170
00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:10,000
Dredging turned up pieces of wood.

171
00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:12,000
Remains of pots.

172
00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:13,000
Fossil bones.

173
00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:17,000
And possibly construction material off the
coast of Surat.

174
00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:23,000
When some of these were dated to 7500 BC.

175
00:13:23,000 --> 00:13:26,000
That's nearly 10,000 years ago.

176
00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:28,000
A furor erupted.

177
00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:32,000
As this was supposed to be the Neolithic
period.

178
00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:40,000
And the entire Gulf of Cambay was flooded
between 6900 and 7900 years ago.

179
00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:44,000
So the remains had to be older.

180
00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:50,000
Professor Rao who excavated Dwaaka described
the discovery as bumpkin.

181
00:13:50,000 --> 00:13:53,000
Flippant and premature.

182
00:13:53,000 --> 00:13:58,000
Furthermore anti-Hindu Islamic groups accused
archaeologists.

183
00:13:58,000 --> 00:14:02,000
Of only excavating cultural remains specific
to Hinduism.

184
00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:06,000
Saffron archaeology they call it.

185
00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:11,000
So political correctness is alive and well in
Indian archaeology too.

186
00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:16,000
The NIOT National Institute of Ocean
Technology.

187
00:14:16,000 --> 00:14:18,000
Whose oceanographers had made this discovery.

188
00:14:18,000 --> 00:14:22,000
Returned to the Gulf with side scan sonar.

189
00:14:22,000 --> 00:14:26,000
A sub-bottom profiler for a cross section of
the seabed.

190
00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:29,000
A magnetometer to identify major structural
elements.

191
00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:32,000
And a remote control video.

192
00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:37,000
These results confirm that extensive man-made
ruins lie on the seabed.

193
00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:39,000
In the Gulf of Cambay.

194
00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:42,000
At depths between 25 and 40 meters.

195
00:14:42,000 --> 00:14:45,000
At a distance of up to 40 kilometers.

196
00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,000
From the modern shoreline.

197
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:51,000
According to Hancock.

198
00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:56,000
The sub-bottom profiles reveal extensive
well-built foundations.

199
00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:58,000
To the geometric structures.

200
00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:03,000
And in some cases walls rising as much as
three meters above the sea level.

201
00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:07,000
And extending down several meters below.

202
00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:08,000
Moreover.

203
00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:12,000
As well as the original city complex covering
a rectangular area.

204
00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:15,000
Roughly nine kilometers long.

205
00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:17,000
And two kilometers wide.

206
00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:21,000
A second city of similar size has been found
a little further to the south.

207
00:15:21,000 --> 00:15:23,000
At a similar depth.

208
00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:27,000
Those cities lie along the courses of ancient
rivers.

209
00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:31,000
That had flowed here when the area was above
water.

210
00:15:31,000 --> 00:15:33,000
And in one case.

211
00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:38,000
The remains of an ancient dam more than 600
meters long have been identified.

212
00:15:38,000 --> 00:15:40,000
As you can see from that.

213
00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:44,000
Geometric shapes shown by the side scan
image.

214
00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:51,000
They also found rods.

215
00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:52,000
Macrotools.

216
00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:53,000
Blades.

217
00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:54,000
Bees.

218
00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:55,000
Potchers.

219
00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:56,000
Human and animal figurines.

220
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:58,000
Carbonized teak.

221
00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:00,000
And fossilized human bones.

222
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:05,000
The teak was dated from 8,000 to 7,650 B.P.

223
00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:08,000
Before present.

224
00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:12,000
Many archeologists however dispute the Cambay
findings.

225
00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:15,000
Because they'd have to be at least 7,000
years old.

226
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:18,000
Much older than the so called mother culture.

227
00:16:18,000 --> 00:16:20,000
The Harappan culture.

228
00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:24,000
And there are no contemporaneous land sites.

229
00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:30,000
At this point in time I suppose it's prudent
to label the Gulf of Cambay as probable.

230
00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:33,000
But a political hot potato.

231
00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:38,000
The southeast coast of India also has
reported underwater remains.

232
00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:41,000
Particularly in Tamil Nadu.

233
00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:43,000
According to the Tamils.

234
00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:50,000
Kumari Kandam was a sunken kingdom whose oral
history includes time spans of thousands o...

235
00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:56,000
Cities like Tenmajurai and Kabat Puram were
swallowed by tsunamis according to the...

236
00:16:56,000 --> 00:17:00,000
Sri Lanka also has legends of three deluges.

237
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:04,000
Which destroyed a large area beyond the
island.

238
00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:08,000
In 1981.

239
00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:13,000
Geologists from the NIO discovered anonymous
features such as rectangles.

240
00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:18,000
And pinnacles on the seafloor off the coast
of Puhu.

241
00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:23,000
Marine archeologists Sundaresh and Gow.

242
00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:28,000
Participated in an excavation, sorry
expedition in 1993.

243
00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:34,000
An identified extensive structural remains in
the form of heavily eroded sandstone blocks.

244
00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:36,000
To a depth of seven meters.

245
00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:40,000
They also located several circular cairns.

246
00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:43,000
Made of rounded and upright stones.

247
00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:48,000
At 23 meters a curious U shaped structure
appeared.

248
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:56,000
Which Sundaresh claims was definitely man
made.

249
00:17:56,000 --> 00:18:01,000
Others at the NIO refused to officially
acknowledge that it is artificial.

250
00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:07,000
Ruins have also been allegedly discovered off
the coast of Mahabalipuram.

251
00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,000
Which is not far from Madras.

252
00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:14,000
According to legends six pagodas have been
swallowed by the sea.

253
00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:18,000
And only the seventh survives on the beach at
Mahabalipuram today.

254
00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:21,000
In 2002.

255
00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:25,000
A telegraph announced that divers from the
NIO.

256
00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:29,000
And the UK based scientific exploration
society.

257
00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:34,000
Discovered walls and granite blocks lying 20
feet below the surface.

258
00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:38,000
Grain pancourt accompanied the divers on
their expedition.

259
00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:42,000
And they discovered ruins covering several
square miles.

260
00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:45,000
About 700 meters off the shore.

261
00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:49,000
They believe they date to about 1500 years
old.

262
00:18:49,000 --> 00:18:51,000
1500.

263
00:18:55,000 --> 00:19:00,000
The great and tragic Indian Ocean tsunami of
2004.

264
00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:05,000
Illustrates that such events do happen in
that part of the world.

265
00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:09,000
Amazingly the tsunami which killed thousands
in India.

266
00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:12,000
Also revealed relics in the sand.

267
00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:14,000
Which were thousands of years old.

268
00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:18,000
In fact there are people's reports stating
that.

269
00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:22,000
When the waters receded before the tsunami
hit.

270
00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:25,000
People actually saw the ruins of pagodas out
there.

271
00:19:25,000 --> 00:19:27,000
Before the waters came crashing back.

272
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:30,000
But this was actually under the sand.

273
00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:34,000
Thousands of years.

274
00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:39,000
Okay, that's India.

275
00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:41,000
Now we move on.

276
00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:43,000
To Yonaguni.

277
00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:45,000
My favorite.

278
00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:49,000
Yonaguni is in the westernmost point of
Japan.

279
00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:51,000
It's a very long island.

280
00:19:51,000 --> 00:19:53,000
It's about 15 km long.

281
00:19:53,000 --> 00:19:57,000
And lies 125 km from the east coast of
Taiwan.

282
00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:01,000
During the ice age it was part of the Asian
continent.

283
00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:05,000
And connected to both Taiwan and the Ryukyu
Islands.

284
00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:09,000
Today it's ruled by Japan as part of the
Okinawa prefecture.

285
00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:14,000
In 1987 Japanese marine explorer.

286
00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:17,000
Kiraichiro Arataki.

287
00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:21,000
The sea bed also contains traces of
terrestrial flora.

288
00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:25,000
Fauna and stalactites that only form on the
surface.

289
00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:29,000
Japanese scientists led by professor Masaki
Kumuru.

290
00:20:29,000 --> 00:20:31,000
Of the University of the Ryukus.

291
00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:34,000
Confirmed that these structures were man
made.

292
00:20:34,000 --> 00:20:37,000
And that they were made by the Japanese.

293
00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:40,000
And that they were made by the Japanese.

294
00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:43,000
And that they were made by the Japanese.

295
00:20:43,000 --> 00:20:47,000
The University of the Ryukus confirmed that
these structures were man made.

296
00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:52,000
Although other geologists such as Robert
Schock and Vufikman.

297
00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:56,000
Believe they're basically natural formations.

298
00:20:56,000 --> 00:21:01,000
A spirited debate has been raging between the
proponents of the artificial hypothesis.

299
00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:04,000
Such as Kumura and Graham Hancock.

300
00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:07,000
And those who believe them to be natural.

301
00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:11,000
Just look at the angles.

302
00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:22,000
Schock who we dated the Sphinx has written.

303
00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:27,000
The geology of the fine mudstones and
sandstones of the Yonaguni area.

304
00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:30,000
Combined with wave and current actions.

305
00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:33,000
And the lowest sea levels of the area during
the early millennia.

306
00:21:33,000 --> 00:21:37,000
Were responsible for the formation of the
Yonaguni monument.

307
00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:40,000
About 9-10,000 years ago.

308
00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:43,000
When it was above water.

309
00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:46,000
During my own research on the Yonaguni
monument.

310
00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:50,000
One of the first things I found is that the
structure is as far as I could determine.

311
00:21:50,000 --> 00:21:54,000
Composed entirely of solid living bedrock.

312
00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:59,000
No part of this monument is constructed of
separate blocks of rocks.

313
00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:02,000
That have been placed into position.

314
00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:05,000
This is an important point.

315
00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:08,000
For carved and arranged rock blocks.

316
00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:12,000
Would definitely indicate a man-made origin
for this structure.

317
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,000
Yet I could find no such evidence.

318
00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:18,000
However, Schock has also concluded.

319
00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:22,000
The rock faces appear to be dressed stone.

320
00:22:22,000 --> 00:22:26,000
If this is an artificial man-made structure.

321
00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:29,000
Then it is reasonable to assume it was built
or carved.

322
00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:31,000
Not underwater.

323
00:22:31,000 --> 00:22:34,000
At a time when this area was above sea level.

324
00:22:34,000 --> 00:22:36,000
Indeed.

325
00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:39,000
This area has experienced major rises in sea
levels.

326
00:22:39,000 --> 00:22:42,000
During and since the Pleistocene.

327
00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:44,000
Ice Age.

328
00:22:44,000 --> 00:22:48,000
And based on well established standard curves
of sea level rises in the region.

329
00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:51,000
As recently as 8-10,000 years ago.

330
00:22:51,000 --> 00:22:56,000
The Yonaguni monument may have been above
local sea level.

331
00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:59,000
Thus we can suggest with some confidence.

332
00:22:59,000 --> 00:23:03,000
That if the Yonaguni monument is a man-made
construction.

333
00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:07,000
It must be at least 8,000 years old.

334
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:11,000
Which would be one of the oldest structures I
know.

335
00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:15,000
I ask you all to look at these pictures I'm
showing.

336
00:23:15,000 --> 00:23:18,000
And make up your own mind.

337
00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:21,000
I know I've made mine up.

338
00:23:30,000 --> 00:23:33,000
The third geologist.

339
00:23:33,000 --> 00:23:35,000
Dr. Wulf Wichmann.

340
00:23:35,000 --> 00:23:39,000
Has no qualms about labelling the structure a
natural formation.

341
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:42,000
In a 1999 article in Der Spiegel.

342
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:44,000
Wichmann.

343
00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:47,000
Who dived at Yonaguni three times declared.

344
00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:50,000
I didn't find anything that was man-made.

345
00:23:50,000 --> 00:23:52,000
He reported that the steps.

346
00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:54,000
Those steps there.

347
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:58,000
Had been gradually developed in the fracture
zones of the rock.

348
00:23:58,000 --> 00:24:01,000
The plateaus at the top of typically eroded
plains.

349
00:24:01,000 --> 00:24:05,000
The plateaus have gradient sections and there
is no perpendicular wall.

350
00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:08,000
Furthermore some of the steps seem to be.

351
00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:12,000
To end nowhere and have no discernible
purpose.

352
00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:16,000
Three circular recesses on the topmost
plateau and nothing but potholes.

353
00:24:16,000 --> 00:24:20,000
And not the column foundations ascribed to
Dr. Kimura.

354
00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:25,000
The only archeologist.

355
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:27,000
To dive and visit the structure.

356
00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:29,000
Sunda Resch.

357
00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:32,000
From the National Institute of Oceanography
in India.

358
00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:36,000
Definitely favours the artificial hypothesis.

359
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:39,000
I'll read that out since it's probably a bit
hard.

360
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:42,000
He made these points in a 2000 report.

361
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:47,000
It is a large terrace structure about 250
metres long.

362
00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:49,000
100 metres wide.

363
00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:53,000
25 metres high bounded on the northern side
by road-like structure.

364
00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:55,000
Which could be a canal.

365
00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:59,000
The terraces and attached staircases.

366
00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:02,000
Might have been used for loading and
unloading boats.

367
00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:04,000
Sailing through the channel.

368
00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,000
The whole structure may have been a jetty.

369
00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:11,000
A large monolith resembling a human head with
two eyes and a mouth.

370
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,000
Studied at Tatagimi, Ewa Point.

371
00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:17,000
Nearby is a large platform.

372
00:25:17,000 --> 00:25:22,000
Caves near the palace area were found at
depths of 8 to 10 metres of water.

373
00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:27,000
Carvings have been observed on boulders in
and near these caves.

374
00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:33,000
Two rectangular monoliths measuring 6 metres
in height and 2.5 metres in width.

375
00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:37,000
Have been located between two natural alf
crops.

376
00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:40,000
Right, it was back here we saw them.

377
00:25:53,000 --> 00:25:58,000
The shape, size and position of these
megaliths suggest they are man-made.

378
00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:00,000
His conclusion stated.

379
00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:05,000
The terraced structures with a canal are
undoubtedly man-made.

380
00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:09,000
Built by cutting an existing huge monolithic
alf crop.

381
00:26:09,000 --> 00:26:14,000
The rectangular terrace structure and canal
might have served as a jetty for handling,

382
00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:16,000
loading and unloading small boats.

383
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:20,000
Before its submergence to present depth.

384
00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:27,000
The monolith rock-cut human head and
associated platform

385
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:31,000
might have served as an area for worshipping
or community gatherings.

386
00:26:33,000 --> 00:26:37,000
There is a model that shows it in 3D.

387
00:26:37,000 --> 00:26:42,000
Quite an extraordinary looking structure
formation.

388
00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:50,000
There are various problems with the
artificial hypothesis I do acknowledge.

389
00:26:50,000 --> 00:26:54,000
Mainly that structure does not appear to have
any discernible function.

390
00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:57,000
As said, steps go nowhere.

391
00:26:57,000 --> 00:27:02,000
However, that shouldn't exclude it from being
artificial.

392
00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:05,000
The fact that it is a long way off the coast
of Yonaguni Island

393
00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:08,000
should not be treated as a problem either.

394
00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:11,000
As this area was once above land.

395
00:27:11,000 --> 00:27:14,000
Overall, I believe this is an artificial
structure.

396
00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:17,000
With possibly a maritime function.

397
00:27:18,000 --> 00:27:23,000
Other Japanese sites like Karama, Oguni and
Shatang

398
00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:27,000
also have stone, underwater stone formations.

399
00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:30,000
Which could be artificial.

400
00:27:33,000 --> 00:27:38,000
Furthermore, off the coast of Otami, ruins
were discovered in 2004.

401
00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:42,000
The ruins are under 60 to 150 feet of water.

402
00:27:43,000 --> 00:27:48,000
And appear to be clustered in about 20
different major sites.

403
00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:53,000
Carved stone steps, stone buildings and
building platforms were found.

404
00:27:55,000 --> 00:28:00,000
The site was initially located in 1975 by
Hidenori Kunisiku.

405
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:05,000
A driving instructor who discovered and
photographed stone steps, walls and paving.

406
00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:11,000
Tokyo University's underwater archaeologist,
Dr. Tereo Mazai

407
00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:15,000
has stated that this structure is apparently
all man-made.

408
00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:19,000
The age of the ruins is open to speculation.

409
00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:23,000
Although it is probable that a portion of the
Otami ruins site

410
00:28:23,000 --> 00:28:27,000
lies in the remains of a city from the
Kamakura period.

411
00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:31,000
Which was from AD 1192 to 1333.

412
00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:37,000
Records indicate that a city existed in the
Sagami Bay

413
00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:41,000
until part of it sank suddenly in 1247.

414
00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:45,000
However, the researchers also believe that
part of the ruins

415
00:28:45,000 --> 00:28:50,000
notably those in deeper water are the remains
of something far older.

416
00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:57,000
Further evidence that submerged ruins exist
in the Asian region

417
00:28:57,000 --> 00:29:00,000
was the discovery of underwater walls and
other structures

418
00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:03,000
off the Pescatorre Islands near Taiwan.

419
00:29:03,000 --> 00:29:07,000
In the 1980s Taiwanese diver Steve Shea

420
00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:12,000
claimed to discover walls off the island of
Hsiu Ching, Tiger Well.

421
00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:17,000
He wrote, two immense walls, hundreds of
meters in length.

422
00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:22,000
One running due north-south and the other
running due east-west.

423
00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:25,000
Crossing the north-south wall at right
angles.

424
00:29:25,000 --> 00:29:30,000
At the east end of the east-west wall is a
large circular enclosure.

425
00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:33,000
Part of which has completely collapsed.

426
00:29:33,000 --> 00:29:37,000
The east-west wall is in relatively shallow
water.

427
00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:40,000
Four to six meters in depth.

428
00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:43,000
The north-south wall starts at four meters
depth

429
00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:46,000
that can be followed to up to 30 meters
depth.

430
00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:49,000
All walls are a consistent height.

431
00:29:49,000 --> 00:29:52,000
Three meters from the base to the top of the
wall.

432
00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:55,000
However, some sections are broken.

433
00:29:56,000 --> 00:30:02,000
In 2002 more ruins and walls were reported

434
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:05,000
northwest of Tong Chai Island by Steve Shea.

435
00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:09,000
The Taipei Times reported that stone walls

436
00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:12,000
are on an average one meter high and 50
centimeters wide.

437
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:16,000
The Public Television Service Foundation
deployed a team

438
00:30:16,000 --> 00:30:18,000
to shoot video footage of the walls.

439
00:30:18,000 --> 00:30:22,000
They saw pieces of coral and pebbles at the
leeward side of the walls.

440
00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:25,000
Strongly indicating they were not natural
formations.

441
00:30:25,000 --> 00:30:31,000
Tian Nguyen, associate professor from the
National Sun Yat-sen University's

442
00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:33,000
Department of Marine Environment,

443
00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:36,000
presented three sonographs at a press
conference.

444
00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:41,000
These sonographs show that the seabed around
the site is very even.

445
00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:45,000
However, near the walls there are many
rectangular protrusions

446
00:30:45,000 --> 00:30:46,000
that look like alleys.

447
00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:49,000
Staircases, walls and stages, he said.

448
00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:55,000
Other Asian researchers are keen to prove
that the lost continent of Mudaulu existed.

449
00:30:55,000 --> 00:31:01,000
In legend, Mudaulu stretched from the South
China Sea to Hawaii

450
00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:04,000
and encompassed many Pacific islands.

451
00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:10,000
Mudaulu was supposedly the home to some of
Asia's earliest peoples,

452
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:15,000
the Kataglin who lived between 7000 and 15000
years ago.

453
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:21,000
According to Chinese legend, the Kataglin
peoples were incredibly advanced

454
00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:25,000
with a written language and the ability to
construct megaliths and pyramids.

455
00:31:25,000 --> 00:31:30,000
Of course, skeptics point to a lack of
man-made objects

456
00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:33,000
or human remains near the structures.

457
00:31:33,000 --> 00:31:38,000
Linear larvae formations are found at Hsuan
on Penghu's Hsuan Island.

458
00:31:38,000 --> 00:31:43,000
However, such structures are vertical
examples of linear larvae flows

459
00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:46,000
and bear no resemblance to the horizontal
walls.

460
00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:49,000
Shay has also responded.

461
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:53,000
If the walls were the result of volcanic
activity,

462
00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:57,000
then we would have an octopus shape on the
seabed.

463
00:31:57,000 --> 00:32:00,000
The tentacles being the larva flows and in
the centre,

464
00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:03,000
where the body is, there would be a crater.

465
00:32:03,000 --> 00:32:06,000
We didn't find a crater anywhere in this
area.

466
00:32:06,000 --> 00:32:10,000
However, that certainly rules out volcanic
activity.

467
00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:20,000
The so-called Lost Pacific continent of Mu,
M-U,

468
00:32:20,000 --> 00:32:25,000
was first described by a cryptologist by the
name of Rasseur,

469
00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:29,000
who described a volcanic catastrophe and
sunken land,

470
00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:34,000
which he named after two symbols resembling M
and U

471
00:32:34,000 --> 00:32:37,000
from the Mayan Triano Codex.

472
00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:42,000
The Mu story has been further embellished by
Le Plong Gion and James Churchwood.

473
00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:46,000
Churchwood based his theory on two sets of
tablets,

474
00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:52,000
the Nakaal tablets, which are allegedly
preserved in an Indian or Tibetan temple,

475
00:32:52,000 --> 00:32:58,000
and a collection of 2,500 stone objects
removed from Mexico by William Niven.

476
00:32:58,000 --> 00:33:01,000
These objects look like a flattened figurine,

477
00:33:01,000 --> 00:33:05,000
but Churchwood claimed he could read their
bumps and curlacues.

478
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:10,000
He dated these unseen Niven tablets at 12,000
years old.

479
00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:14,000
He claimed they and the mysterious Nakaal
tablets

480
00:33:14,000 --> 00:33:18,000
contained extracts from the sacred, inspired
writings of Mu.

481
00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:24,000
Churchwood's map encompassed many of the
Pacific islands,

482
00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:30,000
which had megalithic ruins on them, including
Easter Island and Tonga Tapu.

483
00:33:30,000 --> 00:33:34,000
I always thought it looked just like New
Guinea.

484
00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:38,000
While there are legends of sunken ruins from
the central Pacific,

485
00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:46,000
the island of Ponapaey in Micronesia has
yielded proof with its complex at Nand Madol.

486
00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:54,000
Today it exists as a 150 acre complex of
stone ruins on the tidal flats of Temuan...

487
00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:58,000
The ruins consist of a variety of walled
constructions

488
00:33:58,000 --> 00:34:01,000
built on a bed of stone.

489
00:34:01,000 --> 00:34:05,000
The city of Nand Madol consists of a variety
of walled constructions

490
00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:09,000
built on about 90 rectangular man-made
islands,

491
00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:13,000
which are connected by a grid of shallow
canals.

492
00:34:13,000 --> 00:34:17,000
Nand Madol consists of 92 artificial islands,

493
00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:22,000
many surrounded by retaining walls of immense
basalt boulders,

494
00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:27,000
and stacks of naturally formed prismatic
basalt.

495
00:34:27,000 --> 00:34:32,000
The islands are 30 feet from enclosures for
mortuaries and residences.

496
00:34:32,000 --> 00:34:37,000
Stone pavings and platforms, foundations for
residences,

497
00:34:37,000 --> 00:34:44,000
and meeting houses, walls, tombs, tunnels,
and other features are found on the islands.

498
00:34:44,000 --> 00:34:49,000
There are also legends about sunken ruins
around Nand Madol,

499
00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:55,000
with fanciful reports of platinum coffins and
bars of silver.

500
00:34:55,000 --> 00:35:01,000
In 1980, Dr Arthur Sacks completed a survey
of the complex

501
00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:09,000
and reported finding tunnels, pillars, and
rows of columns about 75 feet deep.

502
00:35:09,000 --> 00:35:17,000
Other divers have reported finding inscribed
basalt stones and 12 columns standing in...

503
00:35:17,000 --> 00:35:21,000
This photo I'll acknowledge from Graham
Hancock, his wife,

504
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:25,000
his wife, Santa, has some fabulous photos of
underwater,

505
00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:31,000
if you go to their site, grahamhancock.com,

506
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:34,000
that's a great point of pay site.

507
00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:38,000
On the other side of the Pacific, artifacts
have been recovered

508
00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:44,000
off the southern coast of California, near La
Jolla in San Diego,

509
00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:50,000
I believe you, including bowls and 2,000
other objects.

510
00:35:50,000 --> 00:35:55,000
34 submerged sites at a depth of about 30
meters have been discovered

511
00:35:55,000 --> 00:35:58,000
and studied, particularly by Team Atlantis,

512
00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:01,000
and they've got their own website,
teamatlantis.com,

513
00:36:01,000 --> 00:36:04,000
if you want to look into that.

514
00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:07,000
Okay, now we move from you to Atlantis.

515
00:36:07,000 --> 00:36:11,000
I'm not going to go into the legend of
Atlantis, anyone can read that,

516
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:15,000
looking at Plato, it's hard enough to fit
everything in now,

517
00:36:15,000 --> 00:36:20,000
I'll just look at some of the claims in the
Atlantic Ocean.

518
00:36:20,000 --> 00:36:27,000
We look now at the Soviet discovery,
allegedly made in the mid-Atlantic,

519
00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:30,000
in the 1970s.

520
00:36:30,000 --> 00:36:34,000
I should note that various islands such as
the Azores, Cape Verde,

521
00:36:34,000 --> 00:36:39,000
and Canaries have all been identified with
Atlantis, since medieval times.

522
00:36:39,000 --> 00:36:43,000
The most famous Atlantologists such as
Ignatius Donnelly,

523
00:36:43,000 --> 00:36:47,000
Lewis Spence, and Edgerton Sykes, and Charles
Bullitts,

524
00:36:47,000 --> 00:36:52,000
were all convinced that Atlantis could be
found in the Atlantic Ocean,

525
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:58,000
or the Caribbean Sea, and not the
Mediterranean, favored by today's scientists.

526
00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:04,000
The Ampere cement, only 2,000 feet below the
surface of the Atlantic,

527
00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:10,000
has been studied by Soviet scientists in the
1970s.

528
00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:13,000
Although their findings were very
controversial,

529
00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:18,000
an oceanographer, Vladimir Marikuyev, made
these comments

530
00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:22,000
in a magazine article after viewing the
photos.

531
00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:26,000
I might add I've seen one or two of them and
I didn't agree with what he said.

532
00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:30,000
We can see this wall on the left side of the
photograph.

533
00:37:30,000 --> 00:37:34,000
The stone blocks on the upper edge of the
wall are clearly visible.

534
00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:37,000
Taking into account the foreshortening of the
photograph,

535
00:37:37,000 --> 00:37:42,000
and the height of the wall, areas of masonry
can be seen quite clearly.

536
00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:47,000
One may suggest that the masonry blocks of
the wall are up to 1.5 meters high,

537
00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:50,000
and a little longer in length.

538
00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:54,000
A second photo revealed that the same wall
from a vertical position.

539
00:37:54,000 --> 00:38:00,000
It is not difficult to calculate, but the
breadth of the wall is about 75 centimeters.

540
00:38:00,000 --> 00:38:05,000
The masonry blocks are clearly visible on
both sides of the wall.

541
00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:12,000
A third photograph on the summit of the
Ampere cement clearly shows lava and five...

542
00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:18,000
Other reports have described stone formations
off the coast of Lanzarote, in the Canary...

543
00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:23,000
and underwater structures have been observed
off the Azores.

544
00:38:23,000 --> 00:38:27,000
However, it is the Caribbean, notably their
Bahamas,

545
00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:34,000
which has provided us with examples of
underwater stone formations which could...

546
00:38:34,000 --> 00:38:40,000
The famous Bimini Road was discovered in 1968
by Dr. Manson Valentin,

547
00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:44,000
a professor of archaeology at Yale
University.

548
00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:45,000
He wrote,

549
00:38:45,000 --> 00:38:50,000
I was amazed to discern an extensive pavement
of rectangles

550
00:38:50,000 --> 00:38:54,000
and occasionally polygonal flat stones of
varying size and thickness,

551
00:38:54,000 --> 00:39:00,000
obviously arranged and accurately aligned to
form convincing engineering courses.

552
00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:05,000
These stones had evidently been submerged
over a long span of time,

553
00:39:05,000 --> 00:39:12,000
but the edges of stone had become rounded,
giving the blocks the appearance of giant...

554
00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:17,000
My personal feeling is that this whole
fantastic complex represents

555
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:22,000
the intelligent utilisation by ancient man of
the material provided by nature

556
00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:27,000
and appropriate for the creation of some sort
of ceremonial centre.

557
00:39:27,000 --> 00:39:31,000
A photographic survey was then made by Dmitry
Rebikov,

558
00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:38,000
a French engineer, inventor, diver and
pioneer in the field of underwater...

559
00:39:38,000 --> 00:39:43,000
He compiled a stereoscopic mosaic survey of
the Bimini Road

560
00:39:43,000 --> 00:39:49,000
and surveyed and investigated supporting
pillars beneath some of the rocks.

561
00:39:49,000 --> 00:39:55,000
That's that J, backward J shape. There are
others.

562
00:39:55,000 --> 00:39:59,000
That's the island.

563
00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:07,000
That's a good one.

564
00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:12,000
Unfortunately, then magazine Nature did a
hatchet job on the formation in 1971.

565
00:40:12,000 --> 00:40:16,000
An article by geologist Will Ryman-Harrison
which stated,

566
00:40:16,000 --> 00:40:23,000
the limestone structures observed off Bimini
in 15 feet of water have all the features ...

567
00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:28,000
The limestone is in a narrow band and extends
for a considerable distance along the form...

568
00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:31,000
If the stones have been quarried and relayed,

569
00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:37,000
there is no reason to suppose bedding planes
would carry stratigraphically from block t...

570
00:40:37,000 --> 00:40:42,000
The sedimentary laminations clearly show that
these were not randomly laid stones,

571
00:40:42,000 --> 00:40:46,000
but a natural, relatively undisturbed
formation.

572
00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:53,000
Although under 15 feet of water, the beach
rock is of recent geological origin.

573
00:40:53,000 --> 00:40:59,000
Valentin Rebikov responded in an article in
1976 that the damage was done.

574
00:40:59,000 --> 00:41:03,000
However, since then, many other discoveries
point to an artificial origin,

575
00:41:03,000 --> 00:41:09,000
such as Procter's Road discovered by
geologist John Giffin, the Mosel Shoals,

576
00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:19,000
and a three-tiered platform lying under 12
feet of water off the coast of Andros Isla...

577
00:41:19,000 --> 00:41:27,000
Can't really see much there. The Andros
platform.

578
00:41:28,000 --> 00:41:33,000
During another trip to Andros with Dino
Keller, an experienced diver,

579
00:41:33,000 --> 00:41:37,000
they found an unusual stone platform about
500 yards offshore.

580
00:41:37,000 --> 00:41:43,000
It is a gigantic flat stone platform made by
thick, mostly rectangular blocks of stone.

581
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:49,000
It is comprised of three tiers, which
increase in height as they move towards th...

582
00:41:49,000 --> 00:41:55,000
The blocks are on the front edges of each of
the three tiers and are about 25 to 30 feet.

583
00:41:55,000 --> 00:42:05,000
The formation is about 150 feet wide and 450
yards long and encloses a deep water lagoo...

584
00:42:05,000 --> 00:42:10,000
A complete side scan sonar of the Andros
platform was also made,

585
00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:18,000
suggesting that the three-tiered formation
was an ancient breakwater enclosing a harb...

586
00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:27,000
The Little's have conducted numerous
expeditions to the Bimini Road, Proctus Ro...

587
00:42:27,000 --> 00:42:30,000
the last being in 2007.

588
00:42:30,000 --> 00:42:37,000
Many discoveries were made, leading Greg
Little to declare that Bimini's site was...

589
00:42:37,000 --> 00:42:43,000
At some remote time, and a sophisticated
maritime culture employed the same...

590
00:42:43,000 --> 00:42:47,000
that had been discovered at ancient
Mediterranean harbours.

591
00:42:47,000 --> 00:42:55,000
These techniques include the use of smooth
rectangular stones and wedge stones, utili...

592
00:42:55,000 --> 00:42:59,000
After the 2007 expedition, he wrote,

593
00:42:59,000 --> 00:43:09,000
the most interesting finds from the sonar and
subsequent follow-ups revealed rectangular...

594
00:43:09,000 --> 00:43:16,000
several unusual stone formations 20 plus
miles out in the Great Bahama Bank,

595
00:43:16,000 --> 00:43:22,000
and the rediscovery of an underwater mass of
fully dressed marble beams,

596
00:43:22,000 --> 00:43:29,000
an exquisite marble building apex, marble
columns,

597
00:43:29,000 --> 00:43:35,000
and numerous huge rectangular slabs of white
marble.

598
00:43:35,000 --> 00:43:44,000
The most puzzling results include the
discovery in an underwater wall off small...

599
00:43:44,000 --> 00:43:49,000
This wall was constructed from huge blocks
and slabs of limestone.

600
00:43:49,000 --> 00:43:57,000
One section of the wall remains partially
intact and consists of three to five tiers...

601
00:43:57,000 --> 00:44:01,000
There can be no doubt that's an architectural
feature.

602
00:44:01,000 --> 00:44:04,000
It's age that we can't determine.

603
00:44:04,000 --> 00:44:12,000
Little determines that's an anchor, similar
to those used in the ancient Mediterranean.

604
00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:29,000
And ruins or shipwreck material, we don't
know.

605
00:44:29,000 --> 00:44:33,000
So are there any ruins beneath the Bahamas?

606
00:44:33,000 --> 00:44:36,000
Or are they just natural formations?

607
00:44:36,000 --> 00:44:40,000
Many photographs do apparently reveal
structures which have been laid by hand.

608
00:44:40,000 --> 00:44:44,000
Although they were last of our land 8,000
years ago.

609
00:44:44,000 --> 00:44:48,000
Unfortunately many enthusiasts have jumped on
the bandwagon,

610
00:44:48,000 --> 00:44:51,000
proclaiming Atlantis, pyramids and temples,

611
00:44:51,000 --> 00:44:55,000
when in fact such structures would have had a
maritime function.

612
00:44:55,000 --> 00:45:03,000
However, there was no known culture which
could have constructed such features as th...

613
00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:08,000
So for the moment it remains a real mystery.

614
00:45:08,000 --> 00:45:21,000
Furthermore, some, if not all of the stones,
could have originated in shipwrecks.

615
00:45:21,000 --> 00:45:26,000
Even more mysterious is the story reported in
2001,

616
00:45:26,000 --> 00:45:32,000
that an underwater city had been discovered
in very deep water off the coast of Cuba,

617
00:45:32,000 --> 00:45:37,000
by oceanographers Paulina Zalitsky and
husband Paul Weinswig.

618
00:45:37,000 --> 00:45:41,000
Owners of Advanced Digital Communications
International.

619
00:45:41,000 --> 00:45:51,000
Their ship Biculices was contracted by the
Cuban government to conduct deep ocean...

620
00:45:51,000 --> 00:45:56,000
When taking sonar survey off the coast,
northeast coast of Cuba,

621
00:45:56,000 --> 00:46:03,000
they were surprised to see on the screen that
the empty sand plains suddenly go away

622
00:46:03,000 --> 00:46:11,000
Highly anomalous images of massive geometric
shapes, apparently cut from stone.

623
00:46:11,000 --> 00:46:16,000
Get this, the depth is 2300 feet.

624
00:46:16,000 --> 00:46:19,000
2300 feet.

625
00:46:19,000 --> 00:46:22,000
For months they kept quiet about the images,

626
00:46:22,000 --> 00:46:29,000
fearful that they had discovered a military
installation near Cuba, you don't doubt it.

627
00:46:29,000 --> 00:46:38,000
In 2001, decided to return to the site with a
geologist, Manuel Eteroli, of Cuba's Natio...

628
00:46:38,000 --> 00:46:42,000
The remote operated vehicle showed images of
large blocks of stone,

629
00:46:42,000 --> 00:46:49,000
about 10 to 8 feet in circular, rectangular
and pyramid shapes.

630
00:46:49,000 --> 00:46:56,000
Some blocks appeared to be deliberately
stacked on top of each other, while others...

631
00:46:56,000 --> 00:47:01,000
Their white appearance underwater leads
elistically to believe they are constructe...

632
00:47:01,000 --> 00:47:07,000
a stone which is alien to Cuba and the
Yucatan, but prevalent in Central America.

633
00:47:07,000 --> 00:47:16,000
Salitsky and Weisenby have dubbed their
discovery mega, because the stone pieces...

634
00:47:16,000 --> 00:47:24,000
Others have called it the lost city of
Atlantis, although the couple is not...

635
00:47:24,000 --> 00:47:27,000
She believes Atlantis is only a myth.

636
00:47:27,000 --> 00:47:31,000
What we have found is more likely the remains
of a local culture,

637
00:47:31,000 --> 00:47:37,000
once located on a land bridge which joined
Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula with Cuba.

638
00:47:37,000 --> 00:47:42,000
Looks pretty Smith sort of rocked me.

639
00:47:42,000 --> 00:47:50,000
Dr. Eteroli has stated, the images are up to
120 to 200 meters long,

640
00:47:50,000 --> 00:47:53,000
and up to 50 to 100 meters in width.

641
00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:58,000
Their height is difficult to estimate, but it
could be 15 to 20 meters,

642
00:47:58,000 --> 00:48:02,000
with more extensive structures beneath the
sand.

643
00:48:02,000 --> 00:48:06,000
The megalithic structures could cover more
than 10 square kilometers.

644
00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:10,000
Pyramid shaped stones have been discovered.

645
00:48:10,000 --> 00:48:19,000
Some of the structures might be covered with
metal, according to sonar images, which sh...

646
00:48:19,000 --> 00:48:26,000
Estimated age of structures? About 6,000
years at least.

647
00:48:26,000 --> 00:48:31,000
Naturally, the discovery of apparent
structures kilometers under the sea,

648
00:48:31,000 --> 00:48:36,000
has been treated with extreme skepticism by
archaeologists.

649
00:48:36,000 --> 00:48:40,000
Dr. Robert Ballard responded, oh, that's too
deep.

650
00:48:40,000 --> 00:48:46,000
I'd be surprised if it was human. You have to
ask yourself, how did it get there?

651
00:48:46,000 --> 00:48:49,000
I've looked at a lot of sonar images in my
life, and I can,

652
00:48:49,000 --> 00:48:52,000
it can be sort of like looking at an ink
blot.

653
00:48:52,000 --> 00:48:57,000
People can see what they want to see. I'll
just wait for a bit more data.

654
00:48:57,000 --> 00:49:04,000
Another expedition in 2004 had to be
abandoned due to problems with a mini...

655
00:49:04,000 --> 00:49:11,000
However, they confirmed the existence of a 35
meter pyramid and rocky unnatural formations.

656
00:49:11,000 --> 00:49:17,000
This is an artist's recreation from that
later site, a very good site.

657
00:49:17,000 --> 00:49:21,000
Naturally in the Central American style.

658
00:49:21,000 --> 00:49:27,000
Not only do we have ocean and sea levels
increased around the world,

659
00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:32,000
but evidence of settlements in lakes has been
emerging in Europe, Asia and the Americas.

660
00:49:32,000 --> 00:49:37,000
Swiss lakes have long been known to possess
evidence of ancient habitation,

661
00:49:37,000 --> 00:49:41,000
such as the famous Swiss Lake Village in
Newportale.

662
00:49:41,000 --> 00:49:48,000
Locks and lakes in Britain, including Loch
Ness, have also been used to construct...

663
00:49:48,000 --> 00:49:50,000
and that's a recreation.

664
00:49:50,000 --> 00:49:53,000
Both lakes died zero on the Kola Peninsula in
Russia,

665
00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:58,000
and Lake Izikul in Kyrgyzstan are reported to
have ruins beneath the waves.

666
00:49:58,000 --> 00:50:04,000
In 2006, an expedition to Izikul discovered
huge walls, mounds,

667
00:50:04,000 --> 00:50:07,000
and it was supposedly from the ancient city
of Chigau.

668
00:50:07,000 --> 00:50:09,000
I do have to hurry now, I've got five
minutes.

669
00:50:09,000 --> 00:50:17,000
In southern China, Fuxian Lake is reported to
have sunken ruins dating from prehistoric...

670
00:50:17,000 --> 00:50:23,000
In 2006, Diver Green Wye and his team
announced the discovery of eight main...

671
00:50:23,000 --> 00:50:30,000
including a round pyramid and two large
buildings with floors which resemble Mayan...

672
00:50:30,000 --> 00:50:33,000
I won't go into the dimensions, but they're
quite large.

673
00:50:33,000 --> 00:50:41,000
Another expedition in 2006, June, showed that
they discovered regularly placed stones,...

674
00:50:41,000 --> 00:50:47,000
a pyramid-like structure, and stones with
sun-type symbols on them.

675
00:50:47,000 --> 00:50:53,000
Archaeologists believe they were from the
Dian period of 2,000 years ago.

676
00:50:53,000 --> 00:50:58,000
In South America, Lake Titicaca is the
highest navigable lake in the world,

677
00:50:58,000 --> 00:51:01,000
supposedly has ruins called Wanuku.

678
00:51:01,000 --> 00:51:05,000
It was explored in 68 by Jacques Cousteau,
who found nothing,

679
00:51:05,000 --> 00:51:13,000
but the Aqqaqor Society claim they have found
buildings under there a few years ago.

680
00:51:16,000 --> 00:51:22,000
Rock Lake in Wisconsin is famous for its
ruins, which were first reported from the...

681
00:51:22,000 --> 00:51:27,000
Despite cries of fraud by archaeologists,
many divers have observed structures,

682
00:51:27,000 --> 00:51:31,000
including walls and pyramid-shaped buildings.

683
00:51:31,000 --> 00:51:37,000
Unusual submarine structures have been
located and mapped by global positioning...

684
00:51:37,000 --> 00:51:43,000
There are also apparently ruins beneath Lake
Michigan and Lake McDonald in Ontario.

685
00:51:43,000 --> 00:51:49,000
Furthermore, springs in Florida and Mexico
have shown human remains.

686
00:51:49,000 --> 00:51:55,000
That's the oldest skeleton found in the
Americas, recently found in Mexico.

687
00:51:55,000 --> 00:52:00,000
We are now coming to the conclusion of a
survey of ancient ruins which have been...

688
00:52:00,000 --> 00:52:06,000
Medieval towns in Holland, Germany, and
Britain were also inundated, some of which...

689
00:52:06,000 --> 00:52:09,000
whereas Dunwich in England has been recently
surveyed.

690
00:52:09,000 --> 00:52:13,000
Earthquakes and tsunamis have continued to
swallow settlements,

691
00:52:13,000 --> 00:52:19,000
probably the most famous being Port Royal in
Jamaica, which slid into the water in 1692.

692
00:52:19,000 --> 00:52:25,000
In the 20th century, Robert Marx, a Brooklyn
salvager, was determined to find the sunke...

693
00:52:25,000 --> 00:52:29,000
complete with a church where the congregation
still sat.

694
00:52:29,000 --> 00:52:36,000
He excavated many artifacts from Port Royal
and found that the church was above land...

695
00:52:38,000 --> 00:52:42,000
Okay, now we finally come to Australia.

696
00:52:42,000 --> 00:52:47,000
Does anyone know if we have any sunken ruins
from any era?

697
00:52:47,000 --> 00:52:49,000
Call out if anyone knows.

698
00:52:53,000 --> 00:52:57,000
I don't know. Any era?

699
00:52:58,000 --> 00:53:00,000
Could be.

700
00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:04,000
We definitely have three sunken towns in the
snowy mountains,

701
00:53:04,000 --> 00:53:08,000
which were inundated by the snowy mountain
scheme in the 1960s.

702
00:53:08,000 --> 00:53:14,000
Jindabine, Adamineby, there's Jindabine, and
Taubingo.

703
00:53:14,000 --> 00:53:20,000
In fact, all across Europe and North America,
hundreds of towns were inundated by dams.

704
00:53:20,000 --> 00:53:28,000
Jindabine now lies beneath 15 meters and can
be explored by high-altitude divers.

705
00:53:28,000 --> 00:53:31,000
Although some of the town is relocated to
high ground,

706
00:53:31,000 --> 00:53:37,000
much of it remains intact beneath Lake
Jindabine, which is an artificial lake.

707
00:53:37,000 --> 00:53:43,000
I'll conclude this survey not with a quote
about Atlantis, but with a verse of a poem...

708
00:53:43,000 --> 00:53:48,000
Farewell to Jindabine by Australian poet
Douglas Stewart.

709
00:53:48,000 --> 00:53:52,000
Let us lament for Jindabine. It is going to
be drowned.

710
00:53:52,000 --> 00:53:56,000
Let us shed tears as many of the occasion
warrants.

711
00:53:56,000 --> 00:54:03,000
The snowy, the thread bow, and you can be
engulfed, combining their copious torrents.

712
00:54:03,000 --> 00:54:05,000
Thank you very much.

713
00:54:13,000 --> 00:54:15,000
Thank you.